揽瓜阁阅读做题小分队 第148天 有机模式和机械模式之优劣

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The current kneejerk preference for organic over mechanistic organizational structures may be misguided. Simply by synonymizing the humanistic with the organic model for organizational structures, many reveal an imprudent preference for the organic model. Similarly positive connotations adhere to the word flexible, often used interchangeably with organic.

The mechanistic model, derived in part perhaps from Max Weber’s behavioral structures, suffers from unfortunate nomenclature but is based on tried and true principles of centralization and vertical interaction. It yields the greatest efficiency by providing a clear hierarchy, a clear system of rules, and standardized procedures: in short, all the benefits of clarity, regularity, and predictability.

Organic models, sometimes characterized both pejoratively or positively as adhocracies, leave employees to muddle through in roles that are not thoroughly defined and within ambiguous reporting structures. In this system, promotion seems more a matter of the serendipitous project success than individual talents and achievement. In assessing those companies with a penchant for the organic, one must wonder what they thought was wrong with the locus of knowledge and authority at the peak of a well regulated, well-defined hierarchy.

1. Which of the following best expresses the author’s primary criticism of the organic model of business organization?
(A) It makes humanistic a synonym for organic.
(B) It overemphasizes the benefits of clarity and regularity.
(C) It ties promotion to the success of projects rather than to the success of individuals.
(D) It makes little use of individual talents and, by implication, favors the team over the individual.
(E) It ignores the proven advantages of a well-regulated, well defined hierarchy.

2. If the author of this passage applied the term adhocracy to an organic model, the connotations of the term would be
(A) pejorative.
(B) slightly negative.
(C) neutral.
(D) somewhat positive.
(E) praising.

3. Which of the following best expresses the function of the first paragraph in relation to the paragraphs that follow?
(A) To establish an objective definition of key terms
(B) To identify a problem with nomenclature, which is then explored and explained in detail
(C) To discuss a secondary issue as a prelude to a more detailed examination of a primary issue
(D) To provide a historical and linguistic backdrop for a discussion of a modern day issue
(E) To establish and build support for a point of view

参考答案：

EAB

svwma

EAB

TheFoggyDew

EA（没看懂这俩词所以这个选项是蒙的）B
结构：①当下对于有机和机械化的组织架构的偏好被误导了，原因可能是人道主义和有机结构的混淆；②在机械化的组织里，清晰、明确、可预测都是很好的优点；③有机组织架构给了个人才能和成就更大的空间（这个地方理解错了，应该是成功是偶然现象而不依赖于个人才能和成就），但缺少规律、合适的层级进行把控

GGGG了

DDB
1. 介绍人们对于organic structures的偏好是被命名误导的
2. mechanistic model的好处：clarity、regularity、predictability
3. organic的坏处：focus on project success rather than individuals talents;
主旨句：In assessing those companies with a penchant for the organic, one must wonder what they thought was wrong with the locus of knowledge and authority at the peak of a well regulated, well-defined hierarchy.

AmberZhaoya

Ebb

Erebuslee

1 B
2 A
3 B

123ffff

knee performance 在organic is misguided
mechanistic model: efficiency by hiearchy
organic model: 不用reprot, serendipi 优于个人
ecb

梦校offer和全奖

文章结构
-第一段：论点1+原因1+转折...论点2
-第二段：论点3++举例3.1/2/3
-第三段：论点4+举例4.1+论点5
文章内容
论点1:相较于机械主义更偏爱有机注意是错误的+原因：仅仅因为人本注意和有机模式吻合就偏爱是鲁莽的+positive转折+论点2：有机模式比较灵活——论点3：机械模式好+好处：清晰、规律、可预见——论点4：有机模式毁誉参半的临时机构+举例：员工的晋升+论点5：提出质疑有机模式

崔大套

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