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The Western Jackdaw (Corvus monedula), sometimes known as the Eurasian Jackdaw, European Jackdaw or simply Jackdaw, is a passerine bird in the crow family. Found across Europe, western Asia and North Africa, it is mostly resident, although northern and Eastern populations migrate south in winter. Four subspecies are recognized, which mainly differ in the coloration of the plumage on the head and nape. Carl Linnaeus first classified the bird and described it formally, giving it the name Corvus monedula because of the bird’s supposed fondness for picking up coins (monedula is Latin for money). Later analysis of its DNA suggests that, with its closest relative, the Darian Jackdaw, it is an early offshoot from the genus Corvus, and possibly distinct enough to warrant reclassification in a separate genus, Coloeus. In fact, one authority, the International Ornithological Congress, has recently reassigned the two jackdaw species from the genus Corvus to the genus Coloeus.

Unlike many of its close relatives, the Western Jackdaw has a completely black-plumage with a grey nape and distinctive pale-grey irises. However, like those relatives, it is gregarious and vocal, living in small groups with a complex social structure in farmland, open woodland, on coastal cliffs, and in urban settings. An omnivorous and opportunistic feeder, it eats a wide variety of plant material and invertebrates, as well as food waste from urban areas. Western Jackdaws are monogamous (have only one mate at a time) and build simple nests of sticks in cavities in trees, cliffs, or buildings. About five pale blue or blue-green eggs with brown speckles are laid and incubated by the female. The young fledge (leave the nest) in four to five weeks, sooner than other jackdaws, and the average lifespan of the bird is approximately five years compared.

Q1: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the Darian Jackdaw?
(A) It is classified in the wrong genus
(B) It has a fondness for picking up coins
(C) It does not have black plumage
(D) It is found commonly in small groups
(E) It is a monogamous bird

Q2: According to the passage, a Western Jackdaw found in the southern Hemisphere during the winter months would most likely ______________
(A) live in the easternmost portion of the bird’s habitat
(B) have migrated from another location
(C) have plumage with an unusual coloration
(D) have a greater life expectancy than most jackdaws
(E) have traveled a great distance from it’s usual habitat

Q3: Which of the following can be properly inferred from the passage above?
(A) The Western Jackdaw eats more plant material and invertebrates than human food waste.
(B) The Western Jackdaw belongs to the genus Coloeus.
(C) The Western Jackdaw has only one mate throughout its lifespan.
(D) The Western Jackdaw is able to fly sooner than its close relatives.
(E) The Western Jackdaw is more social than its close relatives.

Q4: Which of the following can properly be inferred about Carl Linnaeus from the passage above?
(A) He was the first to discover the Western Jackdaw.
(B) He believed that the Western Jackdaw was fond of coins.
(C) His classification of the Western Jackdaw was wrong.
(D) His prior classifications do not always agree with current DNA data.
(E) He was a member of the International Ornithological Congress.

参考答案：

DBDD

sudn

WJackdaw 也被叫做XXXX。是crow家族里的 passerine 一支。在XXXX地都有。北方和东方的群体会南下过冬。
有四个分支，根据脑袋上和nape上的plumage来区分。CL将这个鸟命名为CM，因为这个鸟爱收集硬币。
Darian Jackdaw，是最早从genus corvus 分出来的，和genus corvus 不同。
IOC重新定义了这两种类。
W Jackdaw 有黑色plumage 灰色nape和 pale grey irises。此外就和别的一样：农场里，林地里，岩石边，群居，吃植物和小虫子，还有垃圾。
W Jackdaw 是一夫一妻制，用小棍子搭窝在XXXX地方。一窝5个蛋，雌鸟孵化。小崽子4-5周离窝，大概5年寿命。

andyhhhh

一、敘述一種鳥的命名及分類，以及如何改變分類。

WJ是一種烏鴉，分佈在歐洲、西亞、北非，冬天會往南遷徙。四個亞種被發現，主要是以頭色區分。CL是第一個正式分類及描述這種鳥的人，命名CM因為這種鳥很喜歡撿拾硬幣。
根據DNA檢測，他的近親DJ有足夠的差異性來被再分類，而最近國際組織把這兩種鳥正式重分類。

二、補充說明這種鳥的生活習性及特徵

WJ有著跟近親不同的黑羽毛，灰色的頸背，然而，跟近親不同的是，他們是群居的並且很會製造聲音，以小而複雜的群體組成。他們吃很多種東西，包括爬蟲類跟人類廢物。他們一次只跟一個配偶交配，在樹上、懸崖、房子周遭築巢。一次會孵五到六個藍綠色的蛋。幼鳥四到五週就會離家，比近親來得快，一隻可以活五年。

CBBB

屯个名字

P1:
介绍Western Jackdaw(一种鸟)
——包括名称、迁徙、名称起源、基因归属（possible genus Corvus——>genus Coloeus）
P2:
解释Western Jackdaw和其近亲的不同点和相同点
不同点：毛色、幼崽和寿命
相同点：生活习性
但是，要注意like those...只圈住本句，表明是共同点，句子之外的不一定是。（特别是后文没有比较对象了，只是在客观陈述Western Jackdaw）

DBBD 8’05”

Q1: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the Darian Jackdaw?
(A) It is classified in the wrong genus（注意时态:it is，现在处于错误的分类——但是很显然是曾经；另外,possibly distinct enough——有可能属于鸦属）
(B) It has a fondness for picking up coins(只是WJ)
(C) It does not have black plumage（原文completely）
(D) It is found commonly in small groups
(E) It is a monogamous bird（NM）


Q2: According to the passage, a Western Jackdaw found in the southern Hemisphere during the winter months would most likely ______________
(A) live in the easternmost portion of the bird’s habitat
(B) have migrated from another location
(C) have plumage with an unusual coloration
(D) have a greater life expectancy than most jackdaws
(E) have traveled a great distance from it’s usual habitat


Q3: Which of the following can be properly inferred from the passage above?
(A) The Western Jackdaw eats more(NM) plant material and invertebrates than human food waste.
(B) The Western Jackdaw belongs to the genus Coloeus. (同Q1A)
(C) The Western Jackdaw has only one mate throughout its lifespan(原文：at one time) .
(D) The Western Jackdaw is able to fly sooner than its close relatives.
(E) The Western Jackdaw is more social(NM) than its close relatives.


Q4: Which of the following can properly be inferred about Carl Linnaeus from the passage above?
(A) He was the first to discover (classified) the Western Jackdaw.
(B) He believed(原文:supposed；注意程度词) that the Western Jackdaw was fond of coins.
(C) His classification of the Western Jackdaw was wrong. (ND)
(D) His prior classifications do not always agree with current DNA data.
(E) He was a member of the International Ornithological Congress. (NM)

眯眼笑

ABDD

第一题: 这个DJ就出现了这么一个地方，反复看都找不到答案，结果竟然是靠WJ推测出来的，在第二段：like those relatives, …, living in small groups that….

Fromager

哇细节题。。。正确率太可怕了

yutingw

看一下！               

iamminmin

_Salaxy_

DBBB

famerica

dbdd