揽瓜阁阅读做题小分队 第51天 上市公司平均寿命下降

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Business analysts remain divided over the reasons behind the declining average lifespan of publicly traded companies. In 1960, companies had a 50% chance of lasting at least twenty years and an 80% chance of lasting at least ten years. In contrast, companies founded in 2000 had only a 50% chance of companies lasting at least 10 years. Some business analysts point to structural changes in the economy to explain this change. As larger, older businesses failed because of recessions or changing consumer tastes, the market was left open to an influx of smaller companies. However, these businesses were left with a host of problems, such as lack of institutional knowledge, which led to uncertainty and decreased the probability of company survival. Further, the removal of once-stable forces within the  marketplace led to instability that made it more difficult for newer companies to survive for more than a few years past their initial public offerings.

A growing number of analysts, however, contend that modern companies are purposefully built to encourage shorter business lifespans. They explain this trend in the context of the growing belief that certain businesses should be “built for acquisition.” Such businesses, they maintain, are built to last only until the product the company produces proves to be a success. Once the product or technology is successful, larger companies acquire the technology and the start up dissolves. This theory is built on the belief that many modern start-ups tend to be centered around a single technology or suite of technologies rather than their long term uses.

1. According to the passage, a company built to produce a single piece of technology may
A. pivot to longer term uses of that technology as the company ages
B. be acquired by a larger company after the technology has been proven to work.
C. have a slightly longer lifespan than a business that was built for acquisition.
D. require less institutional knowledge in order to be successful than a traditional company would.
E. be victims of unstable marketplaces and be unable to survive as long as traditional companies might.

2. The author of this passage would most likely agree with which of the following?
A. It is important for business analysts to come to a consensus about the drivers of declining company lifespan
B. It is important to increase average company lifespan in order to increase marketplacestability and institutional knowledge.
C. The failure of older companies may lead to greater instability within once-stable industries.
D. In order for startups to survive once they become public, they should focus on long term growth rather than technological innovation.
E. Eliminating uncertainty within the marketplace will not decrease the problem of declining company lifespans.

3. According to the passage, a business analyst who believed that structural economic changes led to decreased company lifespans would also agree that
A. Shorter company lifespans might be a good thing, since it encourages greater innovation within the technology sector.
B. Lack of institutional knowledge following economic instability is the primary reason for declining company lifespans.
C. New businesses often fail due to changing consumer tastes or recessions rather than competition.
D. Many of the new companies that were created after older companies collapsed during recessions were left with an unstable marketplace
E. Uncertainty in the marketplace invariably leads to decreased probability of company survival

参考答案：

BCD

眯眼笑

第三题错选B, 正确答案D
定位于Further, the removal of once-stable forces within the  marketplace led to instability that made it more difficult for newer companies to survive for more than a few years past their initial public offerings.
B the prime reason太绝对，文章未提及。以及这部分是商业分析家的观点，但是题目的意思是他们有可能同意什么，需要的是inference

sudn

先展示一个现象：
公司被公开交易之后平均寿命下降，专家对此解释不一。栗子：1960年公司有50%的概率活过20年。80%的概率活过10年。2000年建立的公司只有50%的概率活过10年。
观点一：
有些专家把这个归因于经济衰退or 消费口味的变化。1.市场给了小公司更多的机会。然而小公司毛病多。2.原本维稳的大公司的退出，让刚度过创业期的小公司处境更不稳定。


观点二：
更多专家认为现代公司本就以短期生意为目的。创建生意就是为了被买。一旦初创公司的产品被认为是成功的，大公司就会来购买，小公司就消散了。这个理念下，很多小公司创立就是为了打造一个爆品，或者一个技术爆品。本来也没打算长久生存。


作者并没有明确支持观点一or 观点二。只是客观的描述了一下两种观点。两个观点也不矛盾。

Leilanico

文章结构：观点对比型文章

第一段引出话题：Business analysts 认为上市公司的平均寿命在下降。（论据：1996-2000年占比变化）
       -Some analysts : structure change in the économie.
              -recessions
              -changing consumer tastes
              -market left to small companies
       -However , old business left a host of problems, 导致 the probability of survival declined + new companies are more difficult and more instable in marketplace

第二段越来越多的其他analysts认为： modern companies 故意缩小寿命。
          论据：-built for acquisition = companies success
                           -modern stat-ups centered a single tech. No long term uses.

斯麦尔糖

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svwma

BCD

HelloWorld~

1， Average lifespan of listed companies decrease, and some analysts point that to structural changes. Something good. However, some problems happen.
2, another explanation: modern companies are purposefully built.

1,B ,
Once the product or technology is successful, larger companies acquire the technology and the start up dissolves. This theory is built on,,,,
2,C
3,D,

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