【揽瓜阁4.0】Harvey1123打卡帖

harvey1123

gogogo！

harvey1123

Day 9 打卡。CEO真的要长得高大帅气啊。
【社会科学-商业】
The eyes have it：A new book reveals the excessive attention paid to how executives look
(The Economist - 698 字 短精读)

记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
6 min, 14 min

1. 主题
探讨大家心目中的成功CEO/领导人应该具有什么特质，外表，内在。作者最后表示不应该有偏见。

2.分论点
Para 1：你想象别人的样子可能是你潜意识中认为的。
Para 2：举例子SM和JM在书中描绘了人们把几种人想想成为固有的样子 – 行人，骑摩托的人
Para 3：除去穿着，其他方面也会彰显一个人的成功气质。举例子大学生可以挑出成功地那些CEO
Para 4：很难判断那些事因哪些是果。但是有些特指会让人成功。
Para 5：人们会尊重那些长得高的男人。
Para 6：脸型也有影响。
Para 7：长相也重要。当有照片会增加20%面试概率。但是更多的男人会变得不吸引人。
Para 8：但是女性在职级晋升却不那么顺利。这是由于不同的个人特指决定的。C级别的官员一般需要粗鲁。GG说，当公司表现好，需要选一个看起来不自私的。当公司表现不好，需要一个自恋的，看起来像个混蛋的
Para 9：光晕效应，如果在一个特征做得很好，那么所有人做的都很好
Para 10：如何消除偏见，用电脑程序（无情de）


3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子

One possibility is an evolved respect for those with a higher social position

All rather depressing, particularly for women trying to climb the corporate ladder.
4.总结文章中的生词
Egotistical 自我主义的
decisiveness 决定性
deemed 被认为

【社会科学-企业】
Is Hospital Competition Wasteful?
(WSY - 429 字 短阅读)
记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
4 min,  12 min

1. 主题
介绍医院中流行的一种竞争MAR：给病人做很多无用的重复的检查。作者持有反对观点（一段末）有疑问：MAR真的会影响盈利率么，和MAR足够（严重）能引起政策的注意？

2.分论点
Para 1：最近大家注意到医院中流行一种竞争MAR。这和原有的市场决定理论相反。作者研究了当地市场，CA的医院没有提供MAR但是仍然盈利。作者认为适当的重申extent of market。不然就会高估竞争的重要性。
Para 2：用户不会从竞争中受益。这些竞争是浪费的。导致高消费。体现在，医院会提供很多高科技服务，重复服务来提高价格。
Para 3：MAR在医院中是个错误的竞争。这观点很重要。
Para 4：文章重新检验了过去的MAR的经验，作者提出质问， MAR真的会影响盈利率么，和MAR足够（严重）能引起政策的利益？


3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
This argument is of more than academic import. It has been embraced by the media, has motivated recent calls to nationalize the provision of hospital services, and has played a prominent role in recent hospital antitrust decision

We ask two basic questions:  First, controlling for the extent of the market, does the MAR matter on the margin? Second, is the magnitude of the MAR sufficient to warrant policy interest?
4.总结文章中的生词
allegedly 据称
salutary 称呼

harvey1123

Some say that wars of territorial expansion and defense avoided because they cultural in origin. Such human territorial behavior. However, is motivated by both culture and instinct. Territorial instinct can evolve in animal species for some vital resource serves as a “ density-dependent factor”- a factor whose effect on population growth or size in a territory varies with population density. In other words, as a species’ population density increases in a territory, the growing shortage of vital resources such as habitat, food or water incrementally shows its rate of population growth. Eventually, death and birth rates come into balance and population density levels off. Under such circumstances, territorial instinct tends to evolve. Individuals genetically predisposed to defend resource have higher survival rates and thus pass on more genes to the next generation.

Not very species develops the instinct for territorial behavior, however, A species’ populations density could be leveled off not by limited resources by rising levels of emigration, disease, or predation. When such alternative density-dependent factors are paramount territoriality usually doesn’t evolve.

But humans are decidedly territorial. Their war over territory arise from a combination of instinct and culture and can therefore best be avoided by an understanding of how these elements interact.

记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
4 min,  15 min

1. 主题
领土扩张战争基于文化和直觉(??).
2.分论点
Para 1：提出论点：领土扩张基于两个要素，文化和直觉。用动物界举例，如果增长率大，那么生存资源就少了，增长率下降从而平衡。那时领土战争就出现了。
Para 2：不是所有种族都有领土直觉。但过多的人口密度不但可以由资源，还可以有迁徙。疾病。和捕食者决定。
Para 3：但人类是领土型。他们的领土增加从掠夺中来，并且避免上文提到的那些问题。

3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子

Although the neutralino is heavy by normal standards, it is generally thought to be the lightest supersymmetric particle

The best fit to the astronomical observations involves “cold” dark matter, a term that refers to some undiscovered particle that, when it formed, moved sluggishly..

According to calculations of particle synthesis during the big bang, such particles are simply too few in number to make up the dark matter.

4.总结文章中的生词
paramount至高无上的
predisposed易感的

harvey1123

Day 6 打卡

自然科学 - 生物】
What really killed the dinosaurs? Lingering doubts about the cause of a mass extinction are put to rest
(The Economist - 575 字 短精读）

记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
8 min, 10 min
1.总结文章中心大意
探讨恐龙灭绝的原因，用新观点1反驳旧认知，提出反驳新观点的研究，觉得还是旧观点对

2. 每段论点
Para 1：老观点认为恐龙灭绝是认为陨石导致。
Para 2：转折，陨石破坏了生态系统，陨石导致的而环境改变才是灭绝的原因
Para 3：认为还是impact 导致了灭绝而不是火山。因为火山爆发在恐龙灭绝20万年前就开始了。
Para 4：H的研究团队收集了大量的资料。-可能出细节题，举例很多
Para 5：解释了所有环境都回到正常了，在灭绝前20万年地就已经跟之前一样了。所以不是系统导致。是撞击。
3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子

One thing about the prehistoric past which almost everybody thinks they know is that the dinosaurs (those, at least, that did not belong to the group of animals now known as birds) were wiped out more or less instantaneously by a collision between Earth and a very large space rock.
.
But that was either a coincidence or the straw that broke the planet’s ecological back. – 比喻

4.总结文章中的生词
Prehistoric 史前
Ejecta 弹出
Straw 稻草
Wit（wot）：that is to say

自然科学-天文】
The search for dark matter in the recent majestic universe
(WSY -  498字 短精读）

记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
4 min,  15 min

1. 主题
宇宙中的黑色是什么，排除了两个不合理的原因：任何protons（原子） 的组成以及neutrinos：中子，然后引出cold dark系统，得出结论最可能的事neutralino
2.分论点
Para 1：提出问题到底宇宙中的黑色是什么？- 排除第一种可能protons，因为在宇宙中太少了
Para 2：排除第二种可能，neutrinos，因为他们是“hot system”- 引出“cold system” 的探索
Para 3：用“cold dark”法，虽然没找到物质但是提供了很多可选。
Para 4：这些方法都是基于supersymmetry，S理论是：给出了每个现有物质一个super partner。Cold dark也有。并找到N物质
Para 5：尽管N物质还有很多问题，但是是理论上最合理的蛮子cold dark 理论的物质了。


3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子

Although the neutralino is heavy by normal standards, it is generally thought to be the lightest supersymmetric particle

The best fit to the astronomical observations involves “cold” dark matter, a term that refers to some undiscovered particle that, when it formed, moved sluggishly..

According to calculations of particle synthesis during the big bang, such particles are simply too few in number to make up the dark matter.

4.总结文章中的生词
neutralino超中性子
amalgam汞合金
sluggishly 停滞迟缓
corroborated 证实
primordial 原始的

harvey1123

Day 5 打卡
【人文科学-音乐】
The pandemic has changed China’s nightclubs：It has given local DJs a chance to shine
记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
3 min,  7 min
1.总结文章中心大意

仙女妥连蹦迪也有涉猎

夜店异常红火。

2. 分论点
Part 1：背景，北京的夜店人声鼎沸。在长达半年多的停业后，夜店异常红火。
Part 2：由于疫情，音乐节没法请之前常用的外国DJ，现在全用中国DJ；额
Part 3：疫情让很多DJ回到家乡，反而在2-3线城市开了很多夜店。
Part 4：也有人觉得他们根本不懂电音，但是音乐仍然吸引了很多人。

3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子

As a result Chinese performers have always had to make do with supporting slots, says Huang Hongli, a dj who uses the stage name of Hotwill.


4.总结文章中的生词
Flocked 蜂拥而至

【人文科学-文化种族】
Review: Jim Crow's Offense
记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
不精度读不懂系列 min,  40 min
1.总结文章中心大意
介绍白人至上在南部法律中的历史，及想改变但不成功的初期努力。

2.分论点
Part 1：M 参与了两个争论，关于南部种族自然和进化的：奴隶身份包含排斥，随后带来分离和权利剥夺.最后一句话是说：白人有信心做统治的种族，这种普遍观念，让法律不那么必要了-人话就是大家默许了白人至上因此就不立法了。
Part 2：观点1.理论上，恐惧改变（失去特权）让法律停滞了 – 解释了没改变的一个原因。（后面这句话没读懂逻辑，但从位置上来看应该是解释观点1的。）2.种族不是决定社会阶级的。后面举例子说M的州一遍受白人至上影响深远，和稳定的农业社会契合，但却有独立的逻辑和立法。改变的是黑人在找他们的自制和公民权
Part 3：白人至上持续提供环境在Jim 时代，那么转变 回应压迫就是那个时代的主旋律。领导者在位不平等作斗争，但是失败了。继任者承认了JC。

3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子

Identifying white supremacy as the most salient and pervasive force in Mississippi's history between Reconstruction and the New Deal, McMillen engages two related interpretive debates on the nature and evolution of race relations in the South

Ironically, it was the perception of a threat to rigidity that provoked the construction of a legal edifice to enforce an already familiar definition of place.

If the continuity of white supremacy provides the context of the dark journey through the age of Jim Crow, the shifting responses to oppression define the stages of that journey.

4.总结文章中的生词
Salient 突出的
Disfranchisement 剥夺版权
Flickering 发光
Fluidity 流动性
Perception 知觉
Plantation 种植业
Edifice 大厦
Spatial 空间
Imperatives 当务之急
Inevitable 必然的

harvey1123

Day 3 打卡
【自然科学-科技】
What quantum computers reveal about innovation：Venture capital is often the last guest to arrive at the party

记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
12 min,  15 min
1.总结文章中心大意
介绍量子计算机-商业应用，优点。-GMAT 出题思路：作者观点：介绍了这么详细，虽然没有明显态度，但是是支持的。文中并没有和其他的明显对比。
2.总结分论点或每段段落大意
Part 1 介绍量子计算机的背景
Part 2 量子计算机的first lesson。
Part 3 介绍另外的用途

3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
The frenzy of innovation around classical computing, concentrated in Silicon Valley, has focused attention on the world of startups, venture capital and ipos.

The popular image of innovation as a “pipeline”, with a stream of individual technologies proceeding smoothly from ideas to products, is likewise too neat

4.总结文章中的生词
by golly 发誓
blunting变钝

【自然科学-气候】
Mini ice age

The Next Ice Age
But first things first. Isn't the earth actually warming?

记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
6 min,  12 min
1.总结文章中心大意
Mini ice age可能到来，列举了原因

2.总结分论点或每段段落大意
全球变暖会带来mini ice age
逻辑是：淡水融化 – 温度差异
总结这些差异会带来mini ice age


3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
Normally, the Gulf Stream, laden with heat soaked up in the tropics, meanders up the east coasts of the United States and Canada.

4.总结文章中的生词
Cluttered 杂乱无章
Thermohaline （能猜出来）大气环流