Maps made by non-Native Americans to depict Native American land tenure (land tenure:土地所有制), resources and population distributions appeared almost as early as Europeans’ first encounters with Native Americans and took many form: missionaries’ field sketches, explorers’ drawings, and surveyors’ maps, as well as maps rendered in connection with treaties involving land transfers. Most existing maps of Native American lands are reconstructions that are based largely on archaeology, oral reports, and evidence gathered from observers’ accounts in letter, diaries, and official reports; accordingly, the accuracy of these maps is especially dependent on the mapmakers’ own interpretive abilities. Many existing maps also reflect the 150-year role of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) in administering tribal lands. Though these maps incorporate some information gleaned directly from Native Americans, rarely has Native American cartography contributed to this official record, which has been compiled, surveyed, and authenticated by non-Native American. Thus our current cartographic record (cartographic record: 制图资料) relating to Native American tribes and their migrations and cultural features, as well as territoriality and contemporary trust lands, reflects the origins of the data, the mixed purposes for which the maps have been prepared, and changes both in United States government policy and in non-Native Americans’ attitudes toward an understanding of Native Americans.
All of the following are examples of the type of evidence used in creating “Most existing maps” (line 7-8) EXCEPT (A) a nineteenth-century government report on population distribution of a particular tribe (B) taped conversations with people who lived on Native American tribal lands in the early twentieth century (C) aerial photographs of geological features of lands inhabited by Native Americans (D) findings from a recently excavated site once inhabited by a certain Native American people(C) (E) a journal kept by a non-Native American explorer who traveled in Native American territory in the early nineteenth century 这题答案是C, 请大家帮忙解释一下为什么选C,多谢了 |