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黑脸一直是困扰我的一个重要的软肋，而要做好黑脸，关键是要分析好里面关键词的含义。根据fyhllj 大牛和小安九道中的讨论，我做了一个大概的总结。肯定还有问题，大家可以提出来再一起讨论，争取一起把黑脸拿下，画成我们喜欢的脸，管他红脸还是花脸的，呵呵。
1、Principle:
牢记：principle (BASIC TRUTH)noun [C often pl] a basic truth that explains or controls how something happens or works
A rule or standard, especially of good behavior: a man of principle.
principle是一种原则，你必须遵守。通常是好的规律。没有时间上的分别，通常用现在时。
princile 评价衡量的标准，抽象的规律原则，critiria
for example: BF-01
During landing, navigation systems receive radio signals from the airport to
guide the plane to the runway
2、Fact:
而fact，我理解fact为一种事实，客观存在的有形的事物或状况，是的的确确发生的实
实在在存在的，是evidence的一种。
Something demonstrated to exist or known to have existed or A real occurrence; an event.
In one word, principle is you have to follow in the future and fact is the
thing that has been done or existed.
3、Consideration:
consideration是在作决定时必须要考虑的。consideration是考虑问题该关注的因素（主要从这方面考虑而不是受到那个因素的影响），
I think it is a factor to be considered in forming a judgment or decision:
Safety is the most important consideration in choosing a car.
4、Evidence:
evidence是对你的决定进行支持，evidence 还可以是一种逻辑推理关系,(A>B,B>C)
A thing or things helpful in forming a conclusion or judgment:
Scientists weigh the evidence for and against a hypothesis.
In one word, consideration is you have to think about it when forming a
desion and evidence is that for or against your opinion based on that...
5、premise前提
前提的定义：premise [Show phonetics] noun [C]
an idea or theory on which a statement or action is based:
[+ that] They had started with the premise that all men are created equal.
6、inference推断
必须是题目中已经暗含的只是没有明确表达出来，但是通过读题即可体会得到。
前提是一个an idea or theory not a fact.
The survival of the publishing industry depends upon the existence of a public who will buy the printed word in the form of newspapers, books and magazines.也是一个是principle.
7、关于fact和premise的比较问题
fact是不可能做premise。因为premise是an idea that you use to support another
theory。that idea can be wrong. but fact is that thing happened indeed in
the past, it must be true.
举一个例子：
在热恋中，所有男孩子都要给女孩子送花。
我是男孩子且在热恋
所以，我也要送花（后面的但是我没钱，能否像你借钱somethings like that）
在热恋中，所有男孩子都要给女孩子送花。（大前提）
我是男孩子且在热恋（小前提）
所以，我也要送花（结论）
由此看出，前提是一种理论，我认为正确，从而推出有利于我的或我想要得结论。决不
是一个事实。至于“在热恋中，所有男孩子都要给女孩子送花。“是不是事实，(例如
，就有女追男的吗！） who knows! who care! that is my premise.
这时你可以说：“我们邻居小张就是送的花，结果去年就结婚了。“
这就是一个事实，用来支持你的论证。 |
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发表于 2010-10-17 20:30:45
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