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5.      Psychological research indicates that college hockey and football players are more quickly moved to hostility and aggression than are college athletes in noncontact sports such as swimming. But the researchers’ conclusion—that contact sports encourage and teach participants to be hostile and aggressive—is untenable. The football and hockey players were probably more hostile and aggressive to start with than the swimmers. A在最后那句该怎么理解？足球和冰球运动员在开始的时候就比游泳运动员更具侵略性和敌对性。

Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn by the psychological researchers?

(A) The football and hockey players became more hostile and aggressive during the season and remained so during the off-season, whereas there was no increase in aggressiveness among the swimmers.

(B) The football and hockey players, but not the swimmers, were aware at the start of the experiment that they were being tested for aggressiveness.

(C) The same psychological research indicated that the football and hockey players had a great respect for cooperation and team play, whereas the swimmers were most concerned with excelling as individual competitors.

(D) The research studies were designed to include no college athletes who participated in both contact and noncontact sports.（A）

(E) Throughout the United States, more incidents of fan violence occur at baseball games than occur at hockey or football games.

A答案的更具侵略性，和开始就有侵略性有什么关系呢？

心理学者的结论是：身体接触运动让参与者更好斗。问加强？

A说football and hockey让运动员在赛季中更好斗，赛季外保持不变。而游泳没有增加运动员的好斗性。