【每日逻辑练习第三季】【1-5】

daisyの小夢想 · 发表于 2012-2-26 13:09:00

今天我来代Ronnie发题~~周末大家不能偷懒哦哈哈。
今天是本期的第5次练习了，还记得大明湖畔的那个逻辑小分队队规吗？
“一系列的练习中有5次以上不完成练习的惩罚就是请离队”

so，我是负责监督大家练习的，之前报名了加了群没有任何动静的童鞋我又要狠心T咯，

要坚持才有效果，daisy也抛弃形象来做“虎妈”，大家好好加油，一起冲7~

关于练习的问题：
计时是计看题干和题目的时间，先不看选项。

精练题的步骤是：
1. 计时看问题和题干，一般在45s内。
2. 不看选项、不看题干按自己的理解写出逻辑链。（逻辑链是需要思考提炼的，不是简单的复制粘贴题干内容哦）
3. 合理推测正确选项的可能方向
4. 看选项，选出正确答案
5. 校对答案，对错误选项给出错误原因和类型的解释，对正确选项分析其与题干逻辑链的关系。

1. Politician: All nations that place a high tax on
income produce thereby a negative incentive
for technological innovation, and all nations in
which technological innovation is hampered
inevitably fall behind in the international arms
race. Those nations that, through historical
accident or the foolishness of their political
leadership, wind up in a strategically
disadvantageous position are destined to lose
their voice in world affairs. So if a nation wants
to maintain its value system and way of life, it
must not allow its highest tax bracket to exceed
30 percent of income.
Each of the following, if true, weakens the
politician’s argument EXCEPT:
(A) The top level of taxation must reach 45 percent
before taxation begins to deter inventors and
industrialists from introducing new
technologies and industries.
(B) Making a great deal of money is an
insignificant factor in driving technological
innovation.
(C) Falling behind in the international arms race
does not necessarily lead to a strategically
less advantageous position.
(D) Those nations that lose influence in the world
community do not necessarily suffer from a
threat to their value system or way of life.
(E) Allowing one’s country to lose its
technological edge, especially as concerns
weaponry, would be foolish rather than
merely a historical accident.

2. Scientists are discussing ways to remove excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by increasing the amount that is absorbed by plant life. One plan to accomplish this is to establish giant floating seaweed farms in the oceans. When the seaweed plants die, they will be disposed of by being burned for fuel.
Which of the following, if true, would indicate the most serious weakness in the plan above?
(A) Some areas of ocean in the Southern Hemisphere do not contain sufficient nutrients to support large seaweed farms.
(B) When a seaweed plant is burned, it releases an amount of carbon dioxide comparable to the amount it has absorbed in its lifetime.
(C) Even if seaweed farms prove effective, some people will be reluctant to switch to this new fuel.
(D) Each year about seven billion tons of carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere but only about five billion tons are absorbed by plant life.
(E) Seaweed farms would make more money by farming seaweed to sell as nutritional supplements than by farming seaweed to sell as fuel.

3. Jennifer: Video rental outlets in Centerville together handled 10,000 fewer video rentals in 1994 than in 1993. The decline in rentals was probably due almost entirely to the February 1994 opening of Videorama, the first and only video rental outlet in the area that, in addition to renting videos, also sold them cheaply.
Brad: There must be another explanation: as you yourself said, the decline was on the order of 10,000 rentals. Yet Videorama sold only 4,000 videos in 1994.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the force of the objection that Brad presents to Jennifer's explanation?
(A) In 1994 Videorama rented out more videos than it sold.
(B) In 1994 two new outlets that rent but that do not sell videos opened in Centerville.
(C) Most of the video rental outlets in Centerville rent videos at a discount on certain nights of the week.
(D) People often buy videos of movies that they have previously seen in a theater.
(E) People who own videos frequently loan them to their friends.
Mourdet Winery: Danville Winery's new wine was introduced to compete with our most popular wine, which is sold in a distinctive tall, black bottle. Danville uses a similar bottle. Thus, it is likely that many customers intending to buy our wine will mistakenly buy theirs instead.

4. Danville Winery: Not so. The two bottles can be readily distinguished: the label on ours, but not on theirs, is gold colored.
Which of the following, if true, most undermines Danville Winery's response?

(A) Gold is the background color on the label of many of the wines produced by Danville Winery.
(B) When the bottles are viewed side by side, Danville Winery's bottle is perceptibly taller than Mourdet Winery's.
(C) Danville Winery, unlike Mourdet Winery, displays its wine's label prominently in advertisements.
(D) It is common for occasional purchasers to buy a bottle of wine on the basis of a general impression of the most obvious feature of the bottle.
(E) Many popular wines are sold in bottles of a standard design.

5. Manufacturers issue cents-off coupons to get consumers to try their brand of product with the hope that the consumers who try their brand will switch their brand loyalty. So in the initial marketing of their new brand X, Hartman Industries should issue cents-off coupons, thereby attracting a large segment of potential consumers as loyal customers.
Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on the likelihood that the marketing strategy recommended above will have the result that is claimed?

(A) Many consumers are unlikely to try new brands of products unless offered an inducement to do so.
(B) The consumers whose purchases are strongly influenced by cents-off coupons tend not to become loyal customers of any particular brand.
(C) Many grocery stores attract customers by doubling the face value of manufacturer's coupons.
(D) Typically less than one-third of the coupons issued by a manufacturer are redeemed by consumers.
(E) A marketing campaign that uses cents-off coupons is most effective when combined with a television advertising campaign.

daisyの小夢想 · 发表于 2012-2-26 13:09:42

Answer choice (A): This answer attacks the necessary condition of the
conclusion by showing that taxes could exceed 30% before problems occurred.
Answer choice (B): This answer attacks the first half of the first sentence, which
states that high taxes necessarily produce a negative incentive for technological
innovation. Because taxes lower an individual’s income, the higher the tax, the
greater the relative restriction on making money. Answer choice (B) shows that
higher taxes would not necessarily produce low innovation because innovators
do not care about the amount they earn.
Answer choice (C): This answer attacks the part of the argument that equates
“fall behind in the international arms race” as “wind up in a strategically
disadvantageous position.” If the two are not equated, then the chain of
premises breaks down.
Answer choice (D): Like (C), this attacks a portion of the argument where the
author equates terms. In this case, the paraphrase in the conclusion was not
exact, and this answer exploits that gap.
Answer choice (E): This is the correct answer. The answer does not hurt the
argument because the stimulus specifically states that “Those nations that,
through historical accident or the foolishness of their political leadership, wind
up in a strategically disadvantageous position...” So, the actual reason the nation
ends up in a disadvantageous position is not critical. It could be either
foolishness or historical accident. So, an answer that asserts that it is foolishness
and not historical accident has no effect on the argument.

daisyの小夢想 · 发表于 2012-2-26 13:14:41

【答案】
EBEDB

泾渭不凡 · 发表于 2012-2-26 14:21:36

RT。。。先占楼。。。然后做。。。。。

daisyの小夢想 · 发表于 2012-2-26 14:34:59

RT。。。先占楼。。。然后做。。。。。

-- by 会员泾渭不凡 (2012/2/26 14:21:36)

阅读和逻辑小分队不分家哈哈。撒花欢迎饭饭老板娘~~

cherry1102 · 发表于 2012-2-26 14:58:58

2 Premise: 种植物可以吸收CO2
Conclusion：在海底种seaweed，当seaweed死了burned for fuel
思路：找植物的缺点，燃烧后释放CO2 B

3 Premise: J:C地区94年比93年的光盘租赁少10000个，是因为V，不仅往外租还便宜卖
B：94年V只卖了4000张，强调不是V的原因
思路：买光盘的人可以互相借着看，所以还是V的原因 E

4 Premise: M

出了一种比M最受欢迎的小一号瓶子的酒，消费者会误买D
D：两个瓶子有明显的区别，D的有金黄色商标
思路：消费者不咋看商标只看大体 D

5 Premise: 厂商发优惠券使消费者忠实于他们的品牌
Conclusion：新品牌X发了优惠券吸引了好多潜在的忠实消费者
思路：用优惠券的消费者都不忠实一个品牌，有可能别的牌子一发优惠券就去买别的牌子鸟~~ B

PS.BIBLE的题为神马老错捏~~晚上求讨论~~

高七七 · 发表于 2012-2-26 17:53:27

1.
P: All nations-high tax-low technological innovation
All nations- technological innovation-low international arms race
C: maintain- highest tax bracket to exceed 30 percent of income
Choose E

2.
B: remove carbon dioxide- increase plant
C:Establish seaweed- seaweed died, disposed
Choose: B

3.
B: video- 1994 10000 fewer than 1993
P: because 1994 opening Videorama- cheaply
C: weaken the force of the objection that Brad presents to Jennifer's explanation
Choose : E

4.
M: D’ new wine- tall black bottle(similar to us)- mistake to buy D’
D: not the same
C: undermines D’
Choose D

5.
B: consumers try their brand will switch their brand loyalty
P:HI issue coupons, attracting loyal customer
C: doubt strategy
CHOOSE B

alexqz327 · 发表于 2012-2-26 20:50:14

1.
1) 45s
2)
Premise 1: High income tax – Barrier to technological innovation
Premise 2: Barrier to technological innovation – fall behind international arms race
Premise 3: Countries with such situation will lose voice
Conclusion: Income tax should be no more than 30% if a country wants to remain its value system.
3)
4)E

2
1) 28s
2)
Premise 1: Explore ways to remove excess carbon dioxide by increasing amount absorbed by plants
Premise 2: Giant seaweed is plant which can be burnt when it dies
Conclusion: Giant seaweed farm on the ocean is a good way to absorb carbon dioxide
3) Burning dead seaweed may produce more carbon dioxide than it absorbs when alive.
4) B

5)ACDE irrelevant

3.
1) 37s
2)
Premise 1: Video rentals are 10,000 less in 94 than 93 due to opening of Videorama, which both rents videos and sell them cheaply
Premise 2: Videorama only sold 4000 videos, far less than the decline in rentals.
Conclusion: Some other reason caused the video rental decrease instead of opening of Videorama.
3) 4000 bought videos can be borrowed by people to their friends, who will no longer need to rent videos.
4) E
5) A insuffiecient BCD irrelevant

4.
1) 31s
2)
Premise 1: P winery say newly launched D wine copied P wine’s tall black bottle which will cause consumers of P wine mistakenly buy D wine.
Premise 2: D wine’s label is golden and different from P wine
Conclusion: 2 wines can distinguished
3) How people identify the choice when buying wine? By simply bottle shape and color or check the label?
4)D
5)A irrelevant BCE support

5.
1) 26s
2)
Premise 1: Manufacturers issue cents-off coupon to attract consumer to try their products and hope them to switch brand loyalty.
Premise 2:
Conclusion: Hartman, when launching Brand X, should offer cents-off coupon to attract a large segment as loyal consumers
3) B
4) Hope is different from reality.
5)AD support CE irrelevant

xunjiejie5 · 发表于 2012-2-26 21:02:45

44s
前提：高税收——低创新，低创新——国际战争上的落后
结论：一个国家想要有竞争力，自己的systems,value, 最高税收低于30%
E
35s
前提：为了减少二氧化碳——增加吸收二氧化碳的植物
结论：在大海中种植，然后这些植物die了，再燃烧
B
46s
J:video在1994年下降10,000——因为另外一种开业，不仅租而且卖
B：有别的原因，下降10,000，而且只卖了4000张
E
29s
M：D用的那种black，tall的瓶子会使消费者产生误会
D：不会产生误会，因为用的是Ｄ的ｌｏｇｏ
Ｄ
31S
前提：用折扣吸引顾客成为loyalty
结论：这个方法有效
B

torisea · 发表于 2012-2-27 00:50:11

请假占楼，明早补

[逻辑小分队] 【每日逻辑练习第三季】【1-5】

。。虽然木有加入逻辑下分队。。。也可以跟吧斑斑。。

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