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According to a theory advanced by researcher Paul Martin, the wave of species extinctions that occurred in North America about 11,000 years ago, at the end of the Pleistocene era, can be directly attributed to the arrival of humans, i.e., the Paleoindians, who were ancestors of modern Native Americans.However, anthropologist Shepard Krech points out that large animal species vanished even in areas where there is no evidence to demonstrate that Paleoindians hunted them. Nor were extinctions confined to large animals:small animals, plants, and insects disappeared, presumably not all through human consumption.Krech also contradicts Martin’s exclusion of climatic change as an explanation by asserting that widespread climatic change did indeed occur at the end of the Pleistocene.Still, Krech attributes secondary if not primary responsibility for the extinctions to the Paleoindians, arguing that humans have produced local extinctions elsewhere.But, according to historian Richard White, even the attribution of secondary responsibility may not be supported by the evidence.White observes that Martin’s thesis depends on coinciding dates for the arrival of humans and the decline of large animal species, and Krech, though aware that the dates are controversial, does not challenge them; yet recent archaeological discoveries are providing evidence that the date of human arrival was much earlier than 11,000 years ago.
Q6:
Which of the following, if true, would most weaken Krech’s objections to Martin’s theory?
A.Further studies showing that the climatic change that occurred at the end of the Pleistocene era was even more severe and widespread than was previously believed
B.New discoveries indicating that Paleoindians made use of the small animals, plants, and insects that became extinct
C.Additional evidence indicating that widespread climatic change occurred not only at the end of the Pleistocene era but also in previous and subsequent eras
D.Researchers’ discoveries that many more species became extinct in North America at the end of the Pleistocene era than was previously believed
E.New discoveries establishing that both the arrival of humans in North America and the wave of Pleistocene extinctions took place much earlier than 11,000 years ago
答案是B，我想问C不可以吗？因为K的观点是climate change 有可能导致extinction, 而按C说， 在P时代以前就出现了climate change, 但却没有extinction,不也是weaken吗？ |
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发表于 2011-8-22 16:42:24
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