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119. Adult female rats who have never before encountered rat pups will start to show maternal behaviors after being confined with a pup for about seven days. This period can be considerably shortened by disabling the female's sense of smell or by removing the scent-producing glands of the pup.
Which of the following hypotheses best explains the contrast described above?
(A) The sense of smell in adult female rats is more acute than that in rat pups.
(B) The amount of scent produced by rat pups increases when they are in the presence of a female rat that did not bear them.
(C) Female rats that have given birth are more affected by olfactory cues than are female rats that have never given birth.
(D) A female rat that has given birth shows maternal behavior toward rat pups that she did not bear more quickly than does a female rat that has never given birth.
(E) The development of a female rat's maternal interest in a rat pup that she did not bear is inhibited by the odor of the pup.
我一直很困惑这个题目要表达的意思，encountered rat pups?这是什么意思啊？我理解成怀孕，是不是错了？所以导致后面推理推得好奇怪啊，另外，文中出现的几个名词adult female rats和pup rats应该不是一个概念吧？谁能帮帮我分析下这个题目要怎么解答？。。。
98. Hotco oil burners, designed to be used in asphalt plants, are so efficient that Hotco will sell one to the Clifton Asphalt plant for no payment other than the cost savings between the total amount the asphalt plant actually paid for oil using its former burner during the last two years and the total amount it will pay for oil using the Hotco burner during the next two years. On installation, the plant will make an estimated payment, which will be adjusted after two years to equal the actual cost savings.
Which of the following, if it occurred, would constitute a disadvantage for Hotco of the plan described above?
(A) Another manufacturer's introduction to the market of a similarly efficient burner
(B) The Clifton Asphalt plant's need for more than one new burner ;:
(C) Very poor efficiency in the Clifton Asphalt plant's old burner
(D) A decrease in the demand for asphalt
(E) A steady increase in the price of oil beginning soon after the new burner is installed
Situiation:Hotco produces a very efficient oil burner. It sells a burner to an asphalt plant, stating that the price of the burner is how much money the plant saves on oil using the new burner.
Reasoning:Hotco will be at a disadvantage if which of the following occurs? Hotco is to be paid based on how much money the plant saves on oil over a two-year period. There is an assumption that a number of factors will remain relatively stable from the previous two years to the next two years. What is a factor that could cause a disadvantage for Hotco? If the price of oil goes up, then the plant will experience smaller savings than Hotco anticipated, despite the plant's using less oil than previously because of its new, more efficient burners. If the plant's savings go down, Hotco will not get the payment it is expecting.
A The burner is already installed, so a competitor is not a problem.
B The plant's need for multiple burners should be an opportunity for Hotco, not a disadvantage.
C If the old burner was very inefficient, the new burner should save a great deal of money that would ultimately go to Hotco.
D If demand decreases, less oil would need to be purchased, and Hotco would get more money.
E Correct. This statement properly identifies a factor that would constitute a disadvantage for the plan: since the payment for the burner is based on savings in oil purchases, any increases in the price of oil will decrease savings and thus decrease payments to Hotco.
The correct answer is E.
对于这道题，有疑问的地方是COST SAVING是个什么概念？按照文中的解释是：between the total amount the asphalt plant actually paid for oil using its former burner during the last two years and the total amount it will pay for oil using the Hotco burner during the next two years.但是逻辑上我好像理解不了这是什么意思？是指原来付清了四年的款项，但是后来的两年比预期少了一部分成本吗？这是我的理解，不知道是否正确？ |
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发表于 2009-11-17 17:21:33
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