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While acknowledging that
there are greater employment
opportunities for Latin Ameri-
Line can women in cities than in the
(5) countryside, social science
theorists have continued to
argue that urban migration
has unequivocally hurt
women’s status. However,
(10)the effects of migration are
more complex than these
theorists presume. For
example, effects can vary
depending on women’s
(15)financial condition and social
class. Brazilian women in the
lowest socioeconomic class
have relatively greater job
opportunities and job security
(20)in cities than do men of the
same class, although there is
no compelling evidence that
for these women the move to
the city is a move out of pov-
(25) erty. Thus, these women
may improve their status in
relation to men but at the
same time may experience
no improvement in their
(30)economic standing.
Inaddition, working out-
side the home, which is more
common in urban than in rural
reas, helps women in the
(35) lowest socioeconomic class
make contacts to extend
exchange networks—the flow
of gifts, loans, or child care
from those who currently
(40)have access to resources
to those who do not. More-
over, poor women working in
urban areas actively seek to
cultivate long-term employer-
(45) employee relations. When
an emergency arises that
requires greater resources
than an exchange network
can provide, these women
(50) often appeal for and receive
aid from their wealthy employ-
ers. However, the structure
of many poor women’s
work—often a labor force
(55) of one in an employer’s
home—makes it difficult for
them to organize to improve
their economic conditions in
general.
(60) Not surprisingly, then,
Latin American women in the
lowest socioeconomic class
differ in their opinions about
the effects of urban migration
(65)on their lives. Some find
urban living, with access to
electricity and running water,
an improvement and would
never return to the country-
(70)side. Others, disliking the
overcrowding and crime,
would return to the country-
side if there were work
opportunities for them there.
(75)Thus, urban life has had both
negative and positive impacts
on women’s lives. In gen-
eral, urban migration has not
provided economic pros-
(80)perity or upward mobility for
women in the lowest socio-
economic class, despite their
intelligent and energetic utili-
zation of the resources
available to them.
23.Which of the following best summarizes the main point of the passage?
A.Although Latin American women disagree about the effects urban migration has had on their lives, they agree that migration has provided them with greater opportunities for stable employment outside the home.
B.Although urban migration has improved the quality of life for Latin American women, it has weakened the social support systems that these women enjoyed in rural communities.
C.The effects that urban migration has had on Latin American women’s lives are complex and are best evaluated in light of a range of issues concerning Latin American women’s overall quality of life.
D.The effects of urban migration in Latin America are different for men than they are for women because of the relatively greater job opportunities and job security enjoyed by women in urban areas.
E.Urban migration has led to an increasing disparity between the economic prosperity of Latin American women in the lowest socioeconomic classes and that of women in the higher socioeconomic classes.
Answer: AC
答案C。我选择了A。我感觉C选项的后半部分在文中没有体现啊！A虽然不准，但是A选项的内容都是文中的。
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24.The author mentions which of the following as a disadvantage of urban employment for Latin American women in the lowest socioeconomic group?
A.It is difficult for these women to obtain reliable, long-term employment.
B.It is difficult for these women to organize effectively in order to obtain better wages.
C.It is difficult for these women to find employers who are supportive when emergencies arise.
D.The structure of their jobs makes it difficult for these women to participate in exchange networks.
E.Working in urban areas makes these women more vulnerable to health problems than they would be in rural areas.
Answer: DB
对B持有怀疑。难道better wages对应的是58行的economic conditions? |
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发表于 2009-11-6 12:51:29
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