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发表于 2008-2-27 21:05:00
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昨天6:30才下班,然后去机场接朋友,之后又准备了今天要用的移民材料. 回到家时已经10:30了. 打开电脑在床上看PREP SC, 总结完10题后,已经困得不行了, 也许这几天的其他事情太多, 压力太大, 前几天没睡好觉,只能洗刷睡觉了.
PREP SC 的第一题很难, 我在网上找到一个老外的解释, 觉得分析到点子上了.
1. The Anasazi settlements at Chaco Canyon were built on a spectacular scale with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were connected by a complex regional system of roads.
A. with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were
B. with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each,
C. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms, each that had been
D. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms and with each
E. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms each had been
choice a is a run-on - it tries to have two main verbs without using any sort of subordinating element. if you take out modifiers, adjectives, etc., you're left with the following: the settlements were built with structures were connected. that's bad.
choice b is correct: it uses a nonessential modifier set off by commas ('of up to 600 rooms each'), which, if eliminated, yields the intact and legitimate sentence ...carefully engineered structures, connected by... (with another nonessential modifier).
choice c:
- 'scale of' doesn't make sense
- you can't say 'each that had...' (can't follow 'each' with a relative pronoun - if you're going to use a relative pronoun, it has to come directly after the thing it's trying to modify)
- no justification for using the past perfect ('had been') - that verb, if there's a verb there at all, should be in the simple past (the same tense as everything else in the sentence, because everything described in the sentence is contemporaneous)
- it doesn't make sense to use 'each' AFTER the comma, because it's not true that each structure was connected with a road system. instead, the road system connected all of the structures with each other, which is nowhere close to the same thing. (having 'each' BEFORE the comma makes sense, because it's actually true that each of the structures comprised up to 600 rooms.)
analogy:
the USA comprises 50 states, each of which is united by a federal government --> wrong (the implication is that each state has its own federal government)
the USA comprises 50 states, all of which are united by a federal government --> correct
the USA comprises 50 states, (all) united by a federal government --> correct, whether you have 'all' or not
choice d:
- 'scale of' doesn't make sense
- the use of AND sets up ostensible parallelism, but the two structures given aren't parallel (one starts with of and the other with with)
choice e is also a run-on sentence (you'll see this if you reduce it to its 'skeleton', a la choice a)
choice
a is a run-on - it tries to have two main verbs without using any sort of
subordinating element. if you take out modifiers, adjectives, etc., you're
left with the following: the settlements were built with structures were
connected. that's bad.
choice b is correct: it uses a nonessential modifier set off by commas ('of
up to 600 rooms each'), which, if eliminated, yields the intact and
legitimate sentence ...carefully engineered structures, connected by... (with
another nonessential modifier).
choice c:
- 'scale of' doesn't make sense
- you can't say 'each that had...' (can't follow 'each' with a relative
pronoun - if you're going to use a relative pronoun, it has to come directly
after the thing it's trying to modify)
- no justification for using the past perfect ('had been') - that verb, if
there's a verb there at all, should be in the simple past (the same tense as
everything else in the sentence, because everything described in the sentence
is contemporaneous)
- it doesn't make sense to use 'each' AFTER the comma, because it's not true
that each structure was connected with a road system. instead, the road
system connected all of the structures with each other, which is nowhere close
to the same thing. (having 'each' BEFORE the comma makes sense, because it's
actually true that each of the structures comprised up to 600 rooms.)
analogy:
the USA comprises 50 states, each of which is united by a federal government
--> wrong (the implication is that each state has its own federal
government)
the USA comprises 50 states, all of which are united by a federal government
--> correct
the USA comprises 50 states, (all) united by a federal government -->
correct, whether you have 'all' or not
choice d:
- 'scale of' doesn't make sense
- the use of AND sets up ostensible parallelism, but the two structures
given aren't parallel (one starts with of and the other with with)
choice e is also a run-on sentence (you'll see this if you reduce it to its
'skeleton', a la choice a)
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发表于 2008-2-26 13:40:00
