10. Any tax relief received by the solar industry would not benefit the homeowner who installs a solar- energy system. Even though homeowners would pay a lower price for solar-energy system installations because of this tax relief, with the government paying the balance, government revenues come from the public.
The argument above is based on which of the following assumptions?
(A) The tax relief would cause the homeowner to lose, through taxes or reduced government benefits or both, an amount at least equal to the reduction in the price of that home- owner's solar-energy system installation. (B) The tax relief that would be received by solar- energy industries would not be offered at the same time as any tax relief for other indus- tries. (C) Advertisements of the solar-energy industry, by failing to identify the source of government revenues explicitly to the public, mask the advantage the industry receives from the public. (D) Homeowners generally believe that they benefit from any tax relief offered to the solar-energy industry. (E) Tax relief would encourage solar industries to sell solar-energy systems at higher prices.
答案:A,我是用排除法得到的,请问正面解该如何考虑呢?
15. In Argonia the average rate drivers pay for car acci- dent insurance is regulated to allow insurance companies to make a reasonable profit. Under the regulations, the rate any individual driver pays never depends on the actual distance driven by that driver each year. Therefore, Argonians who drive less than average partially subsidize the insurance of those who drive more than average.
The conclusion above would be properly drawn if it were also true that in Argonia (A) the average accident insurance rate for all driv- ers rises whenever a substantial number of new drivers buy insurance (B) the average cost to insurance companies of insuring drivers who drive less than the annual average is less than the average cost of insuring drivers who drive more than the annual average (C) the lower the age of a driver, the higher the insurance rate paid by that driver (D) insurance company profits would rise substan- tially if drivers were classified in terms of the actual number of miles they drive each year (E) drivers who have caused insurance companies to pay costly claims generally pay insurance rates that are equal to or lower than those paid by other drivers
1. 羊毛出在羊身上. 在美国tax是个很敏感的问题. Government revenue comes largely from corporate and individual taxes. 不明白为什么美国人明知道要自己pay the bill for the war还那么热心打Iraq. Anyway, tax relief means reduction in corporate taxes for solar industry, and it might mean that the government is using the fund originally available to benefit homeowners to subsidize the industry. 所以一方面homeowner获得了减价(pros), 一方面tax relief可能导致他们其它利益的减少(cons). 既然结论是总体上不benefit homeowner, 必然是cons outweigh pros. 既答案A.
A很明显, 说明了三方的利益关系. 其它选项都不全面或无关.
2. 保费和mileage无关, 既然说开车少(below average mileage)的保险费subsidize开车多的, 说明实际成本开车少的要低于开车多的. 举例, 如果说咱俩去吃buffet, 我们付一样多的钱, 结论是我赚的弥补了你亏的,为什么?应该是我吃的比你多.
T15 the average cost to insurance companies of insuring drivers who drive less than the annual average is less than the average cost of insuring drivers who drive more than the annual average 能不能翻译一下确切意思？
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发表于 2003-4-22 16:46:00
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