有哪位好心人可以贴一下黑人兄弟进入白人工会的jj

jj说在GWD9,我怎么找不到啊

麻烦大家帮我看看

谢谢了！！！！

18、黑人兄弟进入白人工会

[本月JJ]

[版本一] 黑人，工会。（老美就喜欢出这种阅读）这篇ＧＷＤ中没见过，主要似乎讲以前黑人在工会中没地位，但后来黑人工会分子发现要联合白人工人一起搞老板，最后通过这种方式赢得白人工人尊重。这篇我做的不好，大家别太上心。

[原文] GWD-9-Q21-Q23

In the 1930’s and 1940’s,                   在1930’s和1940’s，美国南部占非技术

African American industrial                  劳动力8成的非裔美国人强烈支持联盟。

workers in the southern United

Line  States, who constituted 80 per-

(5)   cent of the unskilled factory labor

force there, strongly supported

unionization. While the American            虽然AFL不是排挤黑人就是维持种族隔

Federation of Labor (AFL) either             离联盟，CIO根据一项声明所有人平等

excluded African Americans or               的政策，在全国组织整合的联盟，而黑人

(10 )  maintained racially segregated         是其中坚。

unions, the Congress of Industrial

Organizations (CIO) organized

integrated unions nationwide on the

basis of a stated policy of equal

(15)  rights for all, and African American

unionists provided the CIO’s backbone.

Yet it can be argued that                     虽然仍然可以说通过由白人联盟协商执

through contracts negotiated and               行的的合约，联盟-包括CIO常常被用于

enforced by White union mem-                维持职业隔离及其他种族歧视的形式，

(20)  bers, unions—CIO unions not                  使黑人在此期间受到社会地位和经济上的

excluded—were often instrumental             压迫，但是，认识到黑人经济穷困的重要

in maintaining the occupational                 因素是雇主对工人的操纵，黑人工人觉得

segregation and other forms of                 加入白人工人是必要的，尽管白人联盟容

racial discrimination that kept                   忍或支持种族歧视。

(25)  African Americans socially and

economically oppressed during

this period. However, recognizing

employers’ power over workers

as a central factor in African

(30)  Americans’ economic marginal-

ization, African American workers

saw the need to join with White

workers in seeking change despite

White unionists’ toleration of or

(35)  support for racial discrimination.

The persistent efforts of African               黑人联盟坚持的努力最终没白费：很多

American unionists eventually paid             人称为了高效组织者，甚至获得种族主

off: many became highly effective               义白人联盟的尊敬，为白人黑人争取胜

organizers, gaining the respect of              利。

(40)  even racist White unionists by winning

victories for White as well as

African American workers. African              黑人联盟因此团结了队伍，又以此作为

American unionists thus succeeded           黑人获取经济权力的工具。

in strengthening the unions while

(45)  using them as instruments of

African Americans’ economic

empowerment.

现象解释

逻辑简图：

1930－1940，African American workers strongly support unionization. While AFL… CIO on the basis equal rights to all. Yet it can be argued that… However, AA saw the needs to join with… Efforts of AA eventually paid off:…. AA thus succeeded in …..

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GWD-9-Q21:

The passage is primarily concerned with

A. demonstrating that unions failed to address the concerns of African American workers during a particular period

B. arguing that African American workers’ participation in unions during a particular period was ultimately beneficial to them

看逻辑简图

C. contrasting the treatment of African American workers by two different labor organizations during a particular period

D. giving reasons for the success of African American unionists in winning victories for both African American and White workers during a particular period以偏概全

E. questioning one explanation for the attitudes of African American workers toward unionization during a particular period

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GWD-9-Q22:

According to the passage, which of the following was true of many racist White unionists during the period discussed in the passage?

A. Their attitudes toward African American union organizers changed once they recognized that the activities of these organizers were serving workers’ interests.

B. They were a powerful element in the southern labor movement because they constituted the majority of the unskilled factory labor force in the southern United States.

C. They persisted in opposing the CIO’s adoption of a stated policy of equal rights for all.无关

D. Their primary goal was to strengthen the negotiating power of the unions through increasing White union membership. 无法推出

E. Their advocacy of racial discrimination hampered unions in their efforts to gain more power for workers.无法推出

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GWD-9-Q23:

The author of the passage suggests which of the following about African American workers who participated in union activities in the 1930’s and 1940’s?

A. They believed that the elimination of discrimination within unions was a necessary first step toward the achievement of economic advancement for African Americans.

B. They belonged exclusively to CIO unions because they were excluded from AFL unions.无从谈起

C. They believed that the economic advancement of African American workers depended on organized efforts to empower all workers.

D. Some of them advocated the organization of separate African American unions because of discriminatory practices in the AFL and the CIO.

E. Many of them did not believe that White unionists in CIO unions would tolerate or support racial discrimination against African American workers.