求教几道XDF蓝皮书里头的题目,谢谢!

Economies in which a high percentage of resources are invested in research and development show greater growth in the long run than do those in which resources are channeled into consumption. Japanese workers spend a higher percentage of their income investing in research and development than do American workers.

To grow as fast as Japan has in the past three decades, the United States must change the tax code in order to encourage savings and investment and discourage debt.

Which of the following, if true, tends to weaken the argument?

(A) Japanese research is more focused on consumers than is research by American firms.

(B) Class mobility, highly valued in American culture, is encouraged by a growing rather than a stagnant economy.

(C) Studies have shown that countries with high consumption rates prosper in the short run.

(D) Proposed changes to the tax code could involve strict limits on the deductability of interest, and increased allowance for research.

(E) Because a decreasing percentage of the United States is under 40, an age when savings are traditionally low, the savings rate will increase without changes to the tax code.

答案E难道因为savings增加,就对investment不利? 所以削弱? 用排除法可以做出来E,但对答案本身不能理解.

(A) It cites evidence that, if true, tends to disprove the evidence cited by Teresa in drawing her conclusion.

(B) It indicates a logical gap in the support that Teresa offers for her conclusion.

(C) It raises a consideration that outweighs the argument Teresa makes.

(D) It does not meet Teresa’s point because it assumes that there is no serious impediment to transporting people into space, but this was the issue raised by Teresa.（D）

(E) It fails to respond to Teresa’s argument because it does not address the fundamental issue of whether space activities should have priority over other claims on the national budget.

我选了E,我觉得Teresa说的是economically的问题，那应该跟budget有关阿，为什么答案D呢。Edward说的也是reliability的问题，怎么就是here is no serious impediment to transporting people into space, but this was the issue了呢

The value of a product is determined by the ratio of its quality to its price. The higher the value of a product, the better will be its competitive position. Therefore, either increasing the quality or lowering the price of a given product will increase the likelihood that consumer will select that product rather than a competing one.

Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn above?

(A) It is possible to increase both the quality and the price of a product without changing its competitive position.

(B) For certain segments of the population of consumers, higher-priced brands of some product lines are preferred to the lower-priced brands.

(C) Competing products often try to appeal to different segments of the population of consumers.

(D) The competitive position of a product can be affected by such factors as advertising and brand loyalty.

(E) Consumers’ perceptions of the quality of a product are based on the actual quality of the product.

我都不觉得 E的答案跟原文有什么关系，质量跟性价比两码事啊，更不要谈什么加强了，我选的A

1.     Newspaper editorial:

In an attempt to reduce the crime rate, the governor is getting tough on criminals and making prison conditions harsher.  Part of this effort has been to deny inmates the access they formerly had to college-level courses.  However, this action is clearly counter to the governor’s ultimate goal, since after being released form prison, inmates who had taken such courses committed far fewer crimes overall than other inmates.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

1. Not being able to take college-level courses while in prison is unlikely to deter anyone from a crime that he or she might otherwise have committed.

2. Former inmates are no more likely to commit crimes than are members of the general population.

3. The group of inmates who chose to take college-level courses were not already less likely than other inmates to commit crimes after being released.

4. Taking high school level courses in prison has less effect on an inmate’s subsequent behavior than taking college-level courses does.
5. The governor’s ultimate goal actually is to gain popularity by convincing people that something effective is being done about crime.

这题选C,挺明白的,但是还是被A搞了一下脑子,觉得A把not去掉以后,似乎也是在削弱原文啊, "能够在监狱内受教育,并不可能阻止罪犯的犯罪"