请教大全-10-18,大全-10-19

以下是引用joywzy在2003-4-22 17:06:00的发言：
18. There are fundamentally two possible changes in an
economy that will each cause inflation unless other
compensating changes also occur. There changes are
either reductions in the supply of goods and services
or increases in demand. In a prebanking economy
the quantity of money available, and hence the level
of demand, is equivalent to the quantity of gold
available.

If the statements above are true, then it is also true
that in a prebanking economy
(A) any inflation is the result of reductions in the
supply of goods and services
(B) if other factors in the economy are unchanged,
    increasing the quantity of gold available will
lead to inflation
(C) if there is a reduction in the quantity of gold
available, then, other things being equal,
inflation must result
(D) the quantity of goods and services purchasable
by a given amount of gold is constant
(E) whatever changes in demand occur, there will
be compensating changes in the supply of
goods and services

答案:B,我选C,请教这种题目该怎么做,求思路.

以下是引用joywzy在2003-4-22 17:06:00的发言：
19. Industrialists from the country Distopia were
accused of promoting the Distopian intervention in
the Arcadian civil war merely to insure that the
industrialists' facilities in Arcadia made substantial
profits during the war. Yet this cannot be the motive
since, as the Distopians foresaw, Distopia's federal
expenses for the intervention were eight billion
dollars, whereas, during the war, profits from the
Distopian industrialists’ facilities in Arcadia totaled
only four billion dollars.

Which of the following, if true, exposes a serious
flaw in the argument made in the second sentence
above?
(A) During the Arcadian war, many Distopian
industrialists with facilities located in Arcadia
experienced a significant rise in productivity
in their facilities located in Distopia
(B) The largest proportion of Distopia's federal
expenses is borne by those who receive no
significant industrial profits.
(C) Most Distopian industrialists' facilities located
in Arcadia are expected to maintain the level
of profits they achieved during the war.
   (D) Distopian industrialists' facilities in Arcadia
made substantial profits before the events
that triggered the civil war.
(E) Many Distopians expressed concern over the
suffering that Arcadians underwent during
the civil war.

答案:B,我选A,请教解题思路.

谢谢.

以下是引用joywzy在2003-4-23 18:52:00的发言：
the largest proportion of distopia's federal  expenses is borne by those who receive no  significant industrial profits.
怎么推出8 billion and 4 billion不可以比较,因为8 billion是由federal出,与distopian industrialists无关？