逻辑大全 section d 15

逻辑大全 section d 15

Susan: Those who oppose experimentation on animals do not properly value the preservation of human life. Although animal suffering is unfortunate, it is justifiable if it can lead to cures for human ailments.(这里她的观点是在动物身上的试验properly value the preservation of human life因为it can lead to cures for human ailments)

Melvin: But much animal experimentation involves testing of ordinary consumer products such as soaps, dyes, and cosmetics.(指出很多的试验的目的不是lead to cures for human ailments)

Susan: These experiments are justifiable on the same grounds(指的是properly value the preservation of human life), since cleanliness, convenience, and beauty are worthwhile human values deserving of support(接着说这个也是可以properly value the preservation of human life).

有两个等价关系在SUSAN的推理里面:cures for human ailments= value the preservation of human life; support for human values=value the preservation of human life  SUSAN并没有证明第二个等价关系,所以选E

Which of the following is the best statement of the logical flaw in Susan’s argument?

(A) Her claim that animal experimentation is justifiable if it supports human values contradicts her claim that such experimentation is justifiable only(题中没有提到) if it leads to cures for human ailments.

(B) She places a higher value(题中未提) on human cleanliness, convenience, and beauty than she does on the preservation of animal life.

(C) She uses the word “value” in two different senses.

(D) She assumes that all(她只是针对MELVIN说的那些PRODUCTS说的) ordinary consumer products aid in the preservation of human life.（E）

(E) She fails to show how mere support for human values actually preserves human lives.