大全-2 求助

Woodrow Wilson was referring to the liberal idea of the economic market when he said that the free enterprise system is the most efficient economic system. Maximum freedom means maximum productiveness; our “openness” is to be the measure of our stability. Fascination with this ideal has made Americans defy the “Old World” categories of settled possessiveness versus unsettling deprivation, the cupidity of retention versus the cupidity of seizure, a “status quo” defended or attacked. The United States, it was believed, had no status quo ante. Our only “station” was the turning of a stationary wheel, spinning faster and faster. We did not base our system on property but opportunity—which meant we based it not on stability but on mobility. The more things changed, that is, the more rapidly the wheel turned, the steadier we would be. The conventional picture of class politics is composed of the Haves, who want a stability to keep what they have, and the Have-Nots, who want a touch of (a touch of: 有一点) instability and change in which to scramble for (scramble for: v.争夺, 勉强拼凑) the things they have not. But Americans imagined a condition in which speculators, self-makers, runners are always using the new opportunities given by our land. These economic leaders (front-runners) would thus be mainly agents of change. The nonstarters were considered the ones who wanted stability, a strong referee to give them some position in the race, a regulative hand to calm manic speculation; an authority that can call things to a halt, begin things again from compensatorily staggered “starting lines.”

“Reform” in America has been sterile because it can imagine no change except through the extension of this metaphor of a race, wider inclusion of competitors, “a piece of the action,” as it were, for the disenfranchised. There is no attempt to call off the race. Since our only stability is change, America seems not to honor the quiet work that achieves social interdependence and stability. There is, in our legends, no heroism of the office clerk (office clerk: n.职员), no stable industrial work force of the people who actually make the system work. There is no pride in being an employee (Wilson asked for a return to the time when everyone was an employer). There has been no boasting about our social workers—they are merely signs of the system’s failure, of opportunity denied or not taken, of things to be eliminated. We have no pride in our growing interdependence, in the fact that our system can serve others, that we are able to help those in need; empty boasts from the past make us ashamed of our present achievements, make us try to forget or deny them, move away from them. There is no honor but in the Wonderland (wonderland: n.仙境, 奇境) race we must all run, all trying to win, none winning in the end (for there is no end).

4.     The author sets off (set off: to set apart: make distinct or outstanding) the word “Reform” (line 35) with quotation marks in order to

(A) emphasize its departure from the concept of settled possessiveness

(B) show his support for a systematic program of change

(C) underscore the flexibility and even amorphousness of United States society

(D) indicate that the term was one of Wilson’s favorites（E）

(E) assert that reform in the United States has not been fundamental   （E）

这道题也是在LINE 35周围找不到明显的定位词，不明白C为什么是错的，E为什么是对的？

7.     It can be inferred from the passage that Woodrow Wilson’s ideas about the economic market

(A) encouraged those who “make the system work” (lines 45-46)

(B) perpetuated traditional legends about America

(C) revealed the prejudices of a man born wealthy

(D) foreshadowed the stock market crash of 1929（B）

(E) began a tradition of presidential proclamations on economics  （B）

Woodrow Wilson’s idea只说了free enterprise system 是最有效的经济系统，但这个理念如何推出B是对的？不解……

9.     Which of the following best expresses the author’s main point?

(A) Americans’ pride in their jobs continues to give them stamina today.

(B) The absence of a status quo ante has undermined United States economic structure.

(C) The free enterprise system has been only a useless concept in the United States.

(D) The myth of the American free enterprise system is seriously flawed.（D）

(E) Fascination with the ideal of “openness” has made Americans a progressive people.                    （D）

这道题表现作者态度的词没在哪里啊？汗~~~没找到说,谢谢各位虾了~~

先慢慢意译看看，再试着回答楼主的问题吧。虽然小安曾建议不要看这篇文章了。

Woodrow Wilson was referring to the liberal idea of the economic market when he said that the free enterprise system is the most efficient economic system.
在谈到自由企业体系是最有效的经济体系时，WW提出了自由市场理念。

Maximum freedom means maximum productiveness; our “openness” is to be the measure of our stability.
最大自由意味最大的生产力；我们的“自由开放”是我们经济稳定的标竿。

Fascination with this ideal has made Americans defy the “Old World” categories of settled possessiveness versus unsettling deprivation, the cupidity of retention versus the cupidity of seizure, a “status quo” defended or attacked.
醉心于上述理念，美国人否定“旧世界”，他们以无序的攫取代替既定的拥有，以占有的欲望侵蚀守成的贪婪，这构成一个互相攻守的现状。

The United States, it was believed, had no status quo ante.
美国被认为没有原状，没有历史束缚。

Our only “station” was the turning of a stationary wheel, spinning faster and faster.
我们的情形就像固定车轮的转动，越转越快。

We did not base our system on property but opportunity—which meant we based it not on stability but on mobility.
我们的体系基于机会，而非财产——这意味着我们基于动态，而非静态。

The more things changed, that is, the more rapidly the wheel turned, the steadier we would be.
即，改变越多，转速越快，转动越稳。

The conventional picture of class politics is composed of the Haves, who want a stability to keep what they have, and the Have-Nots, who want a touch of (a touch of: 有一点) instability and change in which to scramble for (scramble for: v.争夺, 勉强拼凑) the things they have not.
传统的阶级政治的景象由有产者和无产者构成，有产者希望稳定以拥其所有；无产者希望变乱而取其所无。

But Americans imagined a condition in which speculators, self-makers, runners are always using the new opportunities given by our land.
但美国人构想了另一图景，在此，投机者、创造者、开拓者总是利用这片土地所给予的崭新机会。

These economic leaders (front-runners) would thus be mainly agents of change.
这些经济领袖(边疆开拓者)就因此成为变革的主要动力。

The nonstarters were considered the ones who wanted stability, a strong referee to give them some position in the race, a regulative hand to calm manic speculation; an authority that can call things to a halt, begin things again from compensatorily staggered “starting lines.”
所谓的“非创始者”被认为是那些希望稳定的人，是确定他们那些经济领袖在竞争中所处位置的强权裁判员，是平抑疯狂投资的调控人，是叫停现状并补偿性地重新设置“起跑线”的机构。

“Reform” in America has been sterile because it can imagine no change except through the extension of this metaphor of a race, wider inclusion of competitors, “a piece of the action,” as it were, for the disenfranchised.
美国的改革早已平淡无奇，因为改革不过是上述竞争隐喻的放大，不过是竞争者的更广泛参加，不过是给那些丧失机会的人以参与机会。

There is no attempt to call off the race.
无人指望去终止这个竞赛。

Since our only stability is change, America seems not to honor the quiet work that achieves social interdependence and stability.
既然我们的唯一不变就是不断改变，美国似乎不屑于那些旨在实现社会互助和稳定的默默无闻的工作。

There is, in our legends, no heroism of the office clerk (office clerk: n.职员), no stable industrial work force of the people who actually make the system work.
在我们的历史传奇中，没有职员的英雄事迹，也没有推动体系运作的稳定的工业劳力。

There is no pride in being an employee (Wilson asked for a return to the time when everyone was an employer).
雇员不光荣（WW希望回到人人皆为雇主的时代）

There has been no boasting about our social workers—they are merely signs of the system’s failure, of opportunity denied or not taken, of things to be eliminated.
没有对社工的褒奖——他们仅仅被视为体系失败、机会不利、事件过时的标志。

We have no pride in our growing interdependence, in the fact that our system can serve others, that we are able to help those in need; empty boasts from the past make us ashamed of our present achievements, make us try to forget or deny them, move away from them.
对于我们不断发展的互助力量、现有体系可以服务他人的事实、可以扶助贫弱的现状，我们没有感到骄傲；过去的空洞自夸使我们羞于面对目前的成就而尽量来忘记、否定和远离这些成就。

There is no honor but in the Wonderland (wonderland: n.仙境, 奇境) race we must all run, all trying to win, none winning in the end (for there is no end).
除了仙境般的竞赛之外，没有荣耀。我们则必须在竞赛中奔跑，在竞赛中力求取胜，而无人能最终得到胜利（因为没有最终）。

我觉得C选项 A public official who hears and decides cases brought before a court of law.，更符合“a strong referee to give them some position in the race，确定他们那些经济领袖在竞争中所处位置的强权裁判员”的意思。

这是有定位信息的题，当然，定位就在原句之中，这里考察重点在于，明白句意。

定位当然也在原处了。这里考察的重点在于，明白作者态度。

作者态度是这些所谓的“改革”实际上是换汤不换药，改得不彻底。E就是表达了作者的这个态度。

C，文章中的内容不能反映。作者并没有低估美国社会的灵活性，甚至在某种程度上予以了肯定。

这可能需要通观全文。有关历史传奇的论述在第二段，对WW的观点论述在第一段，作者在第二段表达了自己的态度，对第一段中WW的理念所造成的对劳工和职员的忽视，作者持否定态度。从而批判了或修正了WW的理念。

主旨题，需要对全文的结构和逻辑、态度有判断了。第一段论WW理念，第二段批驳。批驳为主，D最好。

建议楼主耐心些，再读读文章，搞清句意只是一个基础，关键是将文章的脉络把握住，理解文章的行文方向和意思。

谢谢wangyu73cn,翻译得太好了~!!

不过说实话即使搞懂了字面意思这篇文章也还是挺难懂的~!太抽象了~!!

向wangyu GG学习。。。

偶还差的好远。

我觉得和 评述某人理论 还有点沾边。

四不像呵

我觉得 问的是加引号的作用。 引号就是为了强调那句话的观点啊，所以把那句话同义变换就是E嘛。c没错吧，文章的第一题答案是criticize the inflexibility of American economic mythology。所以作者还是对灵活性有质疑的吧