求解答~旧prep2-50

arieslee0410 · 发表于 2010-12-8 16:47:43

When people evade income taxes by not declaring taxable income, a vicious cycle results. Tax evasion forces lawmakers to raise income tax rates, which causes the tax burden on nonevading taxpayers to become heavier. This, in turn, encourages even more taxpayers to evade income taxes by hiding taxable income.

The vicious cycle described above could not result unless which of the following were true?

(B) Some methods for detecting tax evaders, and thus recovering some tax revenue lost through evasion, bring in more than they cost, but their success rate varies from year to year.
(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they do not allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion.

B哪里错？C又哪里对？？
天啊~越看B越有道理……
另外，这道题算是哪种体型呢？假设？
求大侠点拨

snowcoffee · 发表于 2010-12-8 18:10:34

我说下c为什么对吧，想了半天，觉得是这样的，原题的意思是法律的制定者通过提高所得税来保证税收，这样会导致更多的人逃税，是一个恶性循环。而这个恶性循环的条件就是提高所得税会让更多人逃税，c的意思就是当提高税率时能同时保证没有人逃税，因而就不会陷入恶性循环。。。

arieslee0410 · 发表于 2010-12-9 18:08:59

B为什么不对？？

sdcar2010 · 发表于 2010-12-9 21:26:57

(B) is wrong because the presence of the word "some" twice. Some = 1 or 100 in a scale of 1 to 100. But if some =1, then answer B won't deter MOST tax evaders from evading tax year in and year out.

The devil is in the detail.

hellomatt · 发表于 2010-12-12 12:44:55

是一个隐含假设题。

Tax evasion forces lawmakers to raise income tax rates, which causes the tax burden on nonevading taxpayers to become heavier.

有人逃税导致其他人的税负更高，隐含的假设是：有人逃税之后，政府仍然希望税收总量不要减少，因此在不逃税的人身上收取更高的税作为弥补。这样才造成恶性循环。
假如政府任凭逃税的人导致税收总量减少，不因此提高税率增加不逃税者的负担，则不会导致恶性循环。

c正是这个必须的假设，所以c是必须的。

B和这个逻辑无关。你为什么会越看越B对呢

拉美 · 发表于 2020-9-25 18:30:21

可以理解成削弱题，政府提高税率---更多人逃税---造成所谓的恶性循环，但实际这个恶性循环不会发生，在什么假设成立的情况下呢？就是c所说的，制定政策都考虑过了，不会让恶性循环发生 b这个argument的重点实际是一个因果关系，政府提高税率---导致恶性循环（你的关注点要在为什么政府提高税率，而不会导致恶性循环）b其实无关，他说的是detecting tax evaders的成本和收益，对于恶性循环是什么关系呢，而且这句话的侧重点感觉是but之后，还说这个成功率不稳定，感觉很无关

求解答~旧prep2-50

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