lsat 16 (1.2) questions

1stzhang · 发表于 2003-5-26 18:23:00

[face=Georgia]Pedigreed dogs, including those officially classified as working dogs, must conform to standards set by organizations that issue pedigrees. Those standards generally specify the physical appearance necessary for a dog to be recognized as belonging to a breed but stipulate nothing about other genetic traits, such as those that enable breeds originally developed as working dogs to perform the work for which they were developed. Since dog breeders try to maintain only those traits specified by pedigree organizations, and traits that breeders do not try to maintain risk being lost, certain traits like herding ability risk being lost among pedigreed dogs. Therefore, pedigree organizations should set standards requiring working ability in pedigreed dogs classified as working dogs.

13. Which one of the following principles, if valid, justifies the argument's conclusion that pedigree organizations should set standards for working ability in dogs?

(A) Organizations that set standards for products or activities should not set standards calling for a particular characteristic if such standards increase the risk of some other characteristic being lost.

(B) Any standard currently in effect for a product or an activity should be rigorously enforced regardless of when the standard was first set.

(C) Organizations that set standards for products or activities should be responsible for seeing to it that those products or activities conform to all the specifications called for by those standards

(D) Any standard that is set for a product or an activity should reflect the uses to which that product or activity will eventually be put.

(E) Organizations that set standards for products or activities should attempt to ensure that those products or activities can serve the purposes for which they were originally developed.

这个题目原文没有读懂?请重点讲解一下这个题目的原文和解题思路??

16. In their native habit, amaryllis plants go dormant when the soil in which they are growing dries out during the dry season. Therefore, if amaryllis plants kept as houseplants are to thrive, water should be withheld from them during part of the year so that the plants go dormant.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

(A) Most kinds of plants go dormant at some time or other during the year.

(B) Amaryllis are more difficult keep as houseplants than other kinds of plants are.

(C) Water should be withheld from amaryllis plants kept as houseplants during the exact time of year that corresponds to the dry season in their native habitat

(D) Any amaryllis plant that fails to thrive is likely to have been dormant for too short a time.

(E) Going dormant benefits amaryllis plants in their native habitat in some way other than simply preventing death during overly dry periods.

这个题目答案给的是E,我选的是C,

17. Most people believe that yawning is most powerfully triggered by seeing someone else yawn. This belief about yawning is widespread not only today, but also has been commonplace in many parts of the world in the past, if we are to believe historians of popular culture. Thus, seeing someone else yawn must be the most irresistible cause of yawning.

The argument is most vulnerable to which one of the following criticisms?

(A) It attempts to support its conclusion solely by restating that conclusion in other words.

(B) It cites the evidence of historians of popular culture in direct support of a claim that lies outside their area of expertise.

(C) It makes a sweeping generalization about yawning based on evidence drawn from a limited number of atypical cases.

(D) It supports its conclusion by appealing solely to opinion in a matter that is largely factual.

(E) It takes for granted that yawns have no cause other than the one it cites.

这个题目的答案是D,d是如何反映原文的信息?

19. Without information that could only have come from someone present at the secret meeting between the finance minister and the leader of the opposition party, the newspaper story that forced the finance minister to resign could not have been written. No one witnessed the meeting, however, except the minister's aide. It is clear, therefore, that the finance minister was ultimately brought down, not by any of his powerful political enemies, but by his own trusted aide.

The argument commits which one of the following errors of reasoning?

(A) drawing a conclusion on the basis of evidence that provides equally strong support for a competing conclusion

(B) assuming without warrant that if one thing cannot occur without another thing s already having occurred, then the earlier thing cannot occur without bringing about the later thing

(C) confusing evidence that a given outcome on one occasion was brought about in a certain way with evidence that the same outcome on a different occasion was brought about in that way

(D) basing its conclusion on evidence that is almost entirely irrelevant to the point at issue

(E) treating evidence that a given action contributed to bringing about a certain effect as though that evidence established that the given action by itself was sufficient to bring about that effect

A从原文是如何得出的?

24. People were asked in a survey how old they felt. They replied, almost unanimously despite a great diversity of ages, with a number that was 75 percent of their real age. There is, however, a problem in understanding this sort of response. For example, suppose it meant that a 48-year-old man was claiming to feel as he felt at 36. But at age 16 he would have said he felt like a man of 27, and at 27 he would have said he felt just over 20, and so on into childhood. And surely, that 48-year-old man did not mean to suggest that he felt like a child!

Which one of the following techniques of reasoning is employed in the argument?

(A) projecting from responses collected alone time from many individuals of widely different ages to hypothetical earlier responses of a single individual at some of those ages

(8) reinterpreting what certain people actually said in the light of what would, in the circumstances, have been the most reasonable thing for them to say

(C) qualifying an overly sweeping generalization in light of a single well chosen counterexample

(D) deriving a contradiction from a pair of statements in order to prove that at least one of those statements is false

(E) analyzing an unexpected unanimity among respondents as evidence, not of a great uniformity of opinion among those respondents but of their successful manipulation by their questioners

原文读懂了,A是什么意思呢?它是如何从原文得到的?[/face]

这个帖子有些长，谢谢大家帮我解答

mindfree · 发表于 2003-5-27 00:53:00

Sorry, my laptop LCD connector broke I think and I could not type Chinese on this one.

1. I choose E. The passage says that the requirements on work dogs have nothing to do with the dog's ability to fulfill it duty as it was originally developed to. So the requirement should be set to preserve the generic traits related to those jobs.

A B and C can be eliminated quickly as none of them deals with what was in the passage. D is a bit tricky. But "uses to which ....eventually put to" is quite different from "that enable breeds originally developed as working dogs to perform the work for which they were developed". It is mentioned in the passage that the working dogs will really work in those jobs.

16. This one is pretty obvious. C is not within the boundary of the logic in the passage. It goes beyond the point with the logic ends. It is more of a inference from the reasoning in the passage. If the pattern is being followed even when the plant is in-house, it is more likely that the exact time is followed.

The gap in the passage is "thrive" and "natural'. The plant will go dormant in nature because of the dry season. Then the passage leaped to the conclusion that the practice is necessary for the plant to "thrive". But the connection between the natural practice and thriving is unspecified, and therefore, is a assumption.

Another example, when John was poor, he only had one deal a day. So when he is rich, he should eat one meal a day to stay healthy. The conclusion is wrong if there is no such assumption that John used to eat one meal for the purpose of staying healthy.

17,19,24 were disccussed before.

lsat 16 (1.2) questions

lsat 16 (1.2) questions

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