快考试了，被一道逻辑题虐了，向NN们求救！！

堇年baby · 发表于 2010-11-3 17:39:44

When people evade income taxes by not declaring taxable income, a vicious cycle results. Tax evasion forces lawmakers to raise income tax rates, which causes the tax burden on nonevading taxpayers to become heavier. This, in turn, encourages even more taxpayers to evade income taxes by hiding taxable income.

The vicious cycle described above could not result unless which of the following were true?

(A) An increase in tax rates tends to function as an incentive for taxpayers to try to increase their pretax incomes.

(B) Some methods for detecting tax evaders, and thus recovering some tax revenue lost through evasion, bring in more than they cost, but their success rate varies from year to year.

(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they do not allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion.

(D) No one who routinely hides some taxable income can be induced by a lowering of tax rates to stop hiding such income unless fines for evaders are raised at the same time.

(E) Taxpayers do not differ from each other with respect to the rate of taxation that will cause them to evade taxes.

请问这个题是assumption题吗？
答案是C

zgy32041 · 发表于 2010-11-3 17:54:00

(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they do not allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion.

是假设题，做错是词组理解的问题吧。。
这里allow for。。的意思是 “顾及，考虑到。。”

堇年baby · 发表于 2010-11-3 17:59:31

我把C取非了，就是lawmakers会考虑到逃税lost的那部分钱，这样他们就会制定新政策征收更高的税啊，这样不会对原文有什么削弱啊？我哪个环节出问题了？崩溃了。。。。

BLinging · 发表于 2010-11-3 18:00:30

我觉得可以用explain或者weaken的思路来想想？
以为loss，所以evade，如果补上了这个loss，就不存在vicious cycle了。

堇年baby · 发表于 2010-11-3 18:03:49

和这道题一样的问法，这个题我就是用assumption做出来的，因为取非可以削弱原文结论，可是上面那个题我取非了怎么不能削弱呢？我纳闷了

Spending on research and development by United States businesses for 1984 showed an increase of about 8 percent over the 1983 level. This increase actually continued a downward trend evident since 1981 – when outlays for research and development increased 16.4 percent over 1980 spending. Clearly, the 25 percent tax
credit enacted by Congress in 1981, which was intended to promote spending on research and development, did little or nothing to stimulate such spending.
The conclusion of the argument above cannot be true unless which of the following is true?
(A) Business spending on research and development is usually directly proportional to business profits.
(B) Business spending for research and development in 1985 could not increase by more than 8.3%.
(C) Had the 1981 tax credit been set higher than 25%, business spending for research and development after
1981 would have increased more than it did.
(D) In the absence of the 25% tax credit, business spending for research and development after 1981 would not
have been substantially lower than it was.
(E) Tax credits market for specific investments are rarely effective in inducing businesses to make those investments

beastyman · 发表于 2010-11-3 19:19:33

When people evade income taxes by not declaring taxable income, a vicious cycle results. Tax evasion forces lawmakers to raise income tax rates, which causes the tax burden on nonevading taxpayers to become heavier. This, in turn, encourages even more taxpayers to evade income taxes by hiding taxable income.

The vicious cycle described above could not result unless which of the following were true?

(A) An increase in tax rates tends to function as an incentive for taxpayers to try to increase their pretax incomes.

(B) Some methods for detecting tax evaders, and thus recovering some tax revenue lost through evasion, bring in more than they cost, but their success rate varies from year to year.

(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they do not allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion.

(D) No one who routinely hides some taxable income can be induced by a lowering of tax rates to stop hiding such income unless fines for evaders are raised at the same time.

(E) Taxpayers do not differ from each other with respect to the rate of taxation that will cause them to evade taxes.

请问这个题是assumption题吗？
答案是C

-- by 会员堇年baby (2010/11/3 17:39:44)

c取非為(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion.
代表在當初制定的時候, lawmaker就有把evasion的可能性考慮進去, 所以當發現了逃漏稅之後, 並不會提高rates, 所以visious circle won't happen

btw. 請問一下另外一個題目的答案是？

BLinging · 发表于 2010-11-3 19:26:56

When people evade income taxes by not declaring taxable income, a vicious cycle results. Tax evasion forces lawmakers to raise income tax rates, which causes the tax burden on nonevading taxpayers to become heavier. This, in turn, encourages even more taxpayers to evade income taxes by hiding taxable income.

The vicious cycle described above could not result unless which of the following were true?

(A) An increase in tax rates tends to function as an incentive for taxpayers to try to increase their pretax incomes.

(B) Some methods for detecting tax evaders, and thus recovering some tax revenue lost through evasion, bring in more than they cost, but their success rate varies from year to year.

(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they do not allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion.

(D) No one who routinely hides some taxable income can be induced by a lowering of tax rates to stop hiding such income unless fines for evaders are raised at the same time.

(E) Taxpayers do not differ from each other with respect to the rate of taxation that will cause them to evade taxes.

请问这个题是assumption题吗？
答案是C

-- by 会员堇年baby (2010/11/3 17:39:44)

c取非為(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion.
代表在當初制定的時候, lawmaker就有把evasion的可能性考慮進去, 所以當發現了逃漏稅之後, 並不會提高rates, 所以visious circle won't happen

btw. 請問一下另外一個題目的答案是？

-- by 会员 beastyman (2010/11/3 19:19:33)

上一道题我自己做的答案是B，也不知道对不

堇年baby · 发表于 2010-11-3 21:05:00

明白了，原来我正好想反了！谢谢你！第二题选D

堇年baby · 发表于 2010-11-3 21:05:58

When people evade income taxes by not declaring taxable income, a vicious cycle results. Tax evasion forces lawmakers to raise income tax rates, which causes the tax burden on nonevading taxpayers to become heavier. This, in turn, encourages even more taxpayers to evade income taxes by hiding taxable income.

The vicious cycle described above could not result unless which of the following were true?

(A) An increase in tax rates tends to function as an incentive for taxpayers to try to increase their pretax incomes.

(B) Some methods for detecting tax evaders, and thus recovering some tax revenue lost through evasion, bring in more than they cost, but their success rate varies from year to year.

(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they do not allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion.

(D) No one who routinely hides some taxable income can be induced by a lowering of tax rates to stop hiding such income unless fines for evaders are raised at the same time.

(E) Taxpayers do not differ from each other with respect to the rate of taxation that will cause them to evade taxes.

请问这个题是assumption题吗？
答案是C

-- by 会员堇年baby (2010/11/3 17:39:44)

c取非為(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion.
代表在當初制定的時候, lawmaker就有把evasion的可能性考慮進去, 所以當發現了逃漏稅之後, 並不會提高rates, 所以visious circle won't happen

btw. 請問一下另外一個題目的答案是？

-- by 会员 beastyman (2010/11/3 19:19:33)

上一道题我自己做的答案是B，也不知道对不

-- by 会员 BLinging (2010/11/3 19:26:56)

是选D啊MM

BLinging · 发表于 2010-11-3 21:08:07

When people evade income taxes by not declaring taxable income, a vicious cycle results. Tax evasion forces lawmakers to raise income tax rates, which causes the tax burden on nonevading taxpayers to become heavier. This, in turn, encourages even more taxpayers to evade income taxes by hiding taxable income.

The vicious cycle described above could not result unless which of the following were true?

(A) An increase in tax rates tends to function as an incentive for taxpayers to try to increase their pretax incomes.

(B) Some methods for detecting tax evaders, and thus recovering some tax revenue lost through evasion, bring in more than they cost, but their success rate varies from year to year.

(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they do not allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion.

(D) No one who routinely hides some taxable income can be induced by a lowering of tax rates to stop hiding such income unless fines for evaders are raised at the same time.

(E) Taxpayers do not differ from each other with respect to the rate of taxation that will cause them to evade taxes.

请问这个题是assumption题吗？
答案是C

-- by 会员堇年baby (2010/11/3 17:39:44)

c取非為(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion.
代表在當初制定的時候, lawmaker就有把evasion的可能性考慮進去, 所以當發現了逃漏稅之後, 並不會提高rates, 所以visious circle won't happen

btw. 請問一下另外一個題目的答案是？

-- by 会员 beastyman (2010/11/3 19:19:33)

上一道题我自己做的答案是B，也不知道对不

-- by 会员 BLinging (2010/11/3 19:26:56)

是选D啊MM

-- by 会员堇年baby (2010/11/3 21:05:58)

哈哈，对的，选D，我敲错啦！

快考试了，被一道逻辑题虐了，向NN们求救！！

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