大全 Test 3

meckychen · 发表于 2010-6-9 12:16:13

19.Identical twins tend to have similar personalities; if environment outweighs heredity in personality development, twins raised together should presumably have more similar personalities than those raised apart. A recent study of identical twins in both situations measured 11 key traits through a questionnaire, and concluded that 7 of the 11 are primarily products of heredity.
Which of the following, if established, would cast the most doubt on the study’s results?
(A) Fewer than half of the pairs of twins studied were raised separately.
(B) The ages of all of the twins studied fell within a 10-year range.
(C) Some of the traits that the study attributed to heredity developed in the separately raised twins because those pairs all grew up in similar families.
(D) Although over half the traits measured were determined to be linked to heredity, the nature of those traits varied widely.（C）
(E) The 11 traits that were measured constitute a representative sample of larger, generally accepted pool of key personality traits.
这题看不懂什么意思？
请指点一下。谢谢。

ken178 · 发表于 2010-6-30 10:34:36

这题也做错啦，不明白，在CD两个选项纠结，最终选了D

sayysong · 发表于 2010-6-30 15:32:03

19.Identical twins tend to have similar personalities; if environment outweighs heredity in personality development, twins raised together should presumably have more similar personalities than those raised apart. A recent study of identical twins in both situations measured 11 key traits through a questionnaire, and concluded that 7 of the 11 are primarily products of heredity.
普遍观点认为双胞胎具有相似的性格，如果环境因素影响力超过遗传因素的话，那么在一起长大的双胞胎应当比分开来成长的具有更多相似性。
而研究表明两种情况下成长的双胞胎，大部分还是显示出了遗传因素的影响。

Which of the following, if established, would cast the most doubt on the study’s results?
weaken研究结果，则反驳遗传作用大。

(A) Fewer than half of the pairs of twins studied were raised separately.
在一起成长的双胞胎比例大，区分不出来是环境还是遗传。

(B) The ages of all of the twins studied fell within a 10-year range.
年龄，无关

(C) Some of the traits that the study attributed to heredity developed in the separately raised twins because those pairs all grew up in similar families.
环境虽然不同但是相似，由此性格上的相似性不能归咎于遗传。

(D) Although over half the traits measured were determined to be linked to heredity, the nature of those traits varied widely.
traits的nature，无关

(E) The 11 traits that were measured constitute a representative sample of larger, generally accepted pool of key personality traits.
traits的选取，无关。

A和C比较难区分，比较一下还是C稍稍胜出一点。

ken178 · 发表于 2010-7-2 12:30:08

重新看了一次题，想问问是不是在说：“无论是raised together 还是 raised seperately 都是由遗传因素决定，现在的要求是要削弱这个观点。
那么C选项到底怎么样削弱呢？还是不理解

sayysong · 发表于 2010-7-2 16:53:34

是不是在说：“无论是raised together 还是 raised seperately 都是由遗传因素决定，现在的要求是要削弱这个观点。
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同意！
题干中强调“in both situations”，即separated situation也显示出了heredity的影响。

(C) Some of the traits that the study attributed to heredity developed in the separately raised twins because those pairs all grew up in similar families.
环境虽然不同但是相似，由此性格上的相似性不能归咎于遗传。
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虽为separated place但却similar environment，所以可视为raised together，所以题目中“in both situations”的有效性值得怀疑，据此得出的“heredity影响大”这个结论也站不住脚，达到weaken的作用。

ken178 · 发表于 2010-7-3 12:38:36

好的，谢谢啦，完全明白啦。

大全 Test 3

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