OG【黄】-68

看了解释还是不懂。为什么不是C？解释的意思是不是说c的内容是题中已经确认的前提，而不是需要weaken的内容？

68.When hypnotized subjects are told that they are deaf and are then asked whether they can hear the hypnotist, they reply, “No.” Some theorists try to explain this result by arguing that the selves of hypnotized subjects are dissociated into separate parts, and that the part that is deaf is dissociated from the part that replies.

Which of the following challenges indicates the most serious weakness in the attempted explanation described above?

(A) Why does the part that replies not answer, “Yes”?

(B) Why are the observed facts in need of any special explanation?

(C) Why do the subjects appear to accept the hypnotist’s suggestion that they are deaf?

(D) Why do hypnotized subjects all respond the same way in the situation described?

(E) Why are the separate parts of the self the same for all subjects?

Argument Evaluation

Situation         People under hypnosis are told they are deaf. When asked by the hypnotist whether they can hear, they hear the question and respond, “No.” A theory explains this puzzling result by stating that the hypnotized subjects dissociate the part of themselves that is deaf from the part that replies to the question.

Reasoning      Which question points to a weakness in the theory? According to the theory, hypnotized people dissociate themselves into separate parts: the hearing part and the deaf part. Then, they must be using the hearing part of themselves when they respond to the hypnotist’s question; obviously, if they were using the deaf part of themselves at that point, they would not hear or thus respond at all. So, if they are using the hearing part of themselves, as the theorists maintain, why would they respond, “No,” to the question, “Can you hear me?” The hearing part would more logically answer, “Yes.”

A     Correct. This statement properly identifies a challenge that demonstrates the weakness in the theory.

B      This question does not address the weakness in the explanation; instead it asks why there needs to be an explanation at all.

C     The fact that the subjects accept the hypnotic suggestion that they are deaf is assumed as part of the argument.

D     The theorists do not attempt to explain why all subjects behave similarly, so this question is irrelevant to pinpointing the weakness of the theorists’ explanation.

E      The theorists’ explanation does not address why the parts of the self are the same for all subjects, so this question does not get to the center and the weakness—of their argument.

The correct answer is A.