请教白皮书上的一道逻辑问题

cchqc · 发表于 2004-2-25 12:33:00

one state adds a 7 percente sales tax to the price of most products purchased within its jurisdiction .this tax ,therefore ,if viewed as tax on income ,has the reverse effect of the federal income tax:the lower the income ,the higher the annual percentage rate at which the income is taxed.

the conclusion above would be properly drawn if which of the followinf\g were assumed s a premise?

(a)the amout of money citizens spend on products subject to the state tax tends to be wqual across income levels.

(b)the federal income tax favors citizens with high incomes, whereas the state sales tax favors citizens with low incomes.

(c)citizens with low annual incomes can afford to pay a relatively higher percentage of their incomes in state sales tax,since their federal income tax is rellatively low.

(d)the lower a state's sales tax,the more it will tend to redistribute income from the more affluent citizens to the rest of society.

(e)citizens who fail to earn federally taxable income are also exempt from the state sale tax.

这个问题（白皮书P178，61题），记得费费说过是用数学方法解的，请各位GMAT高手指教！！！！

感激不尽！！！

cranberry · 发表于 2004-2-28 17:20:00

答案是A。此题中，比率=税收/总收入由于税率一定，那么如果支出一样的话，税费也一样，分子不变，分母大的，当然比率小。如果支出不同，那么税费也不同，最后就没有题目中的结论了。

cchqc · 发表于 2004-3-3 22:48:00

thank you very very much !

cchqc · 发表于 2004-3-9 21:58:00

继续请教：

a recent survey of auto accidental victims in DOLE COUNTRY found that,of the severly injured drivers and front-seat passagers,80 percent were not wearing set belts at the time of their accidents.this indicates that,by wearing seat belts,drivers and frontseat passagers can greatly reduce their risk of being severely injured if they are in an auto accident.

the conculusion above is not properly drawn unless which of the following is true?

答案是of all the drivers and front-seat passengers in the survey ,more than 20% were wearing seat belts at the time of their accidents.

我实在不明白为什么选这个，请指导一下！！！感谢万分

delldell · 发表于 2004-3-10 00:30:00

比较的的SAMPLE数据当中, 如果所有的事故中的人80%以上都是不系安全带的, 就没有办法比较二者造成的结果. 比如说, 100个人当中有90人是喝牛奶的,其中70人得了疯牛病, 10人不喝牛奶, 其中有1人得疯牛病, , 所以结论说喝牛奶比不喝容易造成疯牛病, 这种推理的SAMPLE就有问题

cchqc · 发表于 2004-3-10 11:57:00

那这如何算是削弱结论系安全带容易发生伤亡事故呢？是说加上答案会使推理有问题吗？这也不能算是在反对结论吧！

weiyu · 发表于 2004-3-10 13:18:00

这是比例问题：

没系安全带受伤人/没系安全带人数>系安全带受伤人/系安全带人数，才表明系安全带有用；arguement告诉你0.8的受伤人数为没系安全带的

0.8*Injuries/没系安全带的survey人数>0.2*Injuries/系安全带的survey人数，所以survey中应有超过20%的系了安全带

tangyi79 · 发表于 2004-3-10 16:27:00

简单的说，就是全部人中，超过20％，比方说30％，的人系安全带，而系安全带这些人中，只有20％严重受伤。所以系安全带是有效地。

请教白皮书上的一道逻辑问题

请教白皮书上的一道逻辑问题

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