请教GWD-9-Q6

1.       
GWD-9-Q4 -Q7印加高地居民的生态农垦圈

By the sixteenth century, the Incas
        印加人

of
South America ruled an empire that

extended
along the Pacific coast and

Line  Andean highlands from what is now

(5)    Ecuador to central Chile.
While
most

of
the Incas were self-sufficient

agriculturists,
the inhabitants 居民of
the

highland
basins above 9,000 feet were

constrained
by the kinds of crops they

(10)   could cultivate. Whereas
95 percent

of
the principal Andean food crops can

be
cultivated below 3,000 feet, only

20
percent reproduce readily above

9,000
feet. Given this unequal

(15)   resource distribution,
highland Incas

needed
access to the products of

lower,
warmer climatic zones in order

to
enlarge the variety and quantity of

their
foodstuffs. In most of the prein-

(20)   dustrial world, the problem of different

resource distribution was
resolved by

long-distance trade networks over

which the end consumer exercised

little control.
            Although the peoples

(25)   of the Andean highlands
participated

in
such networks, they relied
primarily

on the maintenance of autonomous

production forces in as many ecological

zones as possible. The

(30)   commodities produced in
these

zones
were extracted, processed,

and
transported entirely by members

of
a single group.提出问题及解决方案

This
strategy of direct access

(35)   to a maximum number of
ecological

zones
by a single group is called

vertical economy. Even today,

one
can see Andean communities

maintaining
use rights simultaneously

(40)   to pasturelands above
12,000 feet, to

potato
fields in basins over 9,000 feet,

and
to plots of warm-land crops in

regions
below 6,000 feet. This

strategy
has two principal variations.

(45)   The first is “compressed verticality,”

in
which a single village resides in

a
location that permits easy access

to
closely located ecological zones.

Different
crop zones or pasturelands

(50)   are located within a few
days walk of

the
parent community. Community

members
may reside temporarily

in
one of the lower zones to manage

the
extraction of products unavailable

(55)   in the homeland. In the
second variation,

called
the “vertical archipelago,”

the
village exploits resources in widely

dispersed
locations, constituting a

series
of independent production

(60)  “islands.” In certain pre-Columbian

Inca
societies, groups were sent from

the
home territory to establish
permanent

satellite
communities or colonies

in
distant tropical forests or coastal

(65)   locations. There the
colonists grew

crops
and extracted products for their

own
use and for transshipment back

to
their high-altitude compatriots.

In contrast to the compressed

(70)   verticality system, in
this system,

commodities
rather than people

GWD-9-Q6:

The
passage suggests that as a way of addressing the problem of different
resource distribution in the preindustrial world, the practice of vertical economy differed from the use of long-distance trade
networks in that vertical economy allowed

A.
commodities to reach the end consumer faster

B.
a wide variety of agricultural goods to reach the end consumer

C. a single group to maintain control
over the production process

D. greater access to commodities
from lower, warmer climatic zones

E.
greater use of self-sufficient agricultural techniques