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猛沾了1个多小时，累的手都酸了， 突然发现大家还没有，就发上来，大家将就看把～～内容我还没时间去找原文，到目前为止，所有的RC KFC 了，应该全了把～～如有有找到原文的CDJM,请下面跟贴～ 1. 一个是讨论关于身体的其他部位来吸收氧气的，还有一个很长的，内容记得不是很请清楚，就不误导大家了，但是题不难，在原文都找的到答案 2. 还有一个阅读，前面也有人说过了，那个美国妇女交税的问题 3．阅读遇到一个关于水权问题得题 回忆了一些： 和GWD讲的对象一样都是Winters v. United States，但是内容不一样 首先，说出水权的一些规定 其次，说这些规定不充分，比如说规定印第安人只能再有特殊的灌溉需求的时候才能有水权，那什么将有特殊灌溉需求呢？印第安人会不会假冒有灌溉需求而实际有其他需求呢？ 又说出了水权是地表的水呢？还是地下水呢？因为如果他们用了地下水，地表的河水就少了 印第安人会不会和白人争水权呢？会不会影响白人用水呢？ 最后，结论是这个不完善的规定给大大小小的法案带来很多纠纷 In Winters v. United States (1908), the Supreme Court held that the right to use waters flowing through or adjacent to the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation was reserved to American Indians by the treaty establishing the reservation. Although this treaty did not mention water rights, the Court ruled that the federal government, when it created the reservation, intended to deal fairly with American Indians by preserving for them the waters without which their lands would have been useless. Later decisions, citing Winters, established that courts can find federal rights to reserve water for particular purposes if (1) the land in question lies within an enclave under exclusive federal jurisdiction, (2) the land has been formally withdrawn from federal public lands — i.e., withdrawn from the stock of federal lands available for private use under federal land use laws — and set aside or reserved, and (3) the circumstances reveal the government intended to reserve water as well as land when establishing the reservation. Some American Indian tribes have also established water rights through the courts based on their traditional diversion and use of certain waters prior to the United States’ acquisition of sovereignty. For example, the Rio Grande pueblos already existed when the United States acquired sovereignty over New Mexico in 1848. Although they at that time became part of the United States, the pueblo lands never formally constituted a part of federal public lands; in any event, no treaty, statute, or executive order has ever designated or withdrawn the pueblos from public lands as American Indian reservations. This fact, however, has not barred application of the Winters doctrine. What constitutes an American Indian reservation is a question of practice, not of legal definition, and the pueblos have always been treated as reservations by the United States. This pragmatic approach is buttressed by Arizona v. California (1963), wherein the Supreme Court indicated that the manner in which any type of federal reservation is created does not affect the application to it of the Winters doctrine. Therefore, the reserved water rights of Pueblo Indians have priority over other citizens’ water rights as of 1848, the year in which pueblos must be considered to have become reservations.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The author cites the fact that the Rio Grande pueblos were never formally withdrawn from public lands primarily in order to do which of the following? A. Suggest why it might have been argued that the Winters doctrine ought not to apply to pueblo lands B. Imply that the United States never really acquired sovereignty over pueblo lands C. Argue that the pueblo lands ought still to be considered part of federal public lands D. Support the argument that the water rights of citizens other than American Indians are limited by the Winters doctrine E. Suggest that federal courts cannot claim jurisdiction over cases disputing the traditional diversion and use of water by Pueblo Indians The passage suggests that, if the criteria discussed in lines 16 – 32 were the only criteria for establishing a reservation’s water rights, which of the following would be true? A. The water rights of the inhabitants of the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation would not take precedence over those of other citizens. B. Reservations established before 1848 would be judged to have no water rights. C. There would be no legal basis for the water rights of the Rio Grande pueblos. D. Reservations other than American Indian reservations could not be created with reserved water rights. E. Treaties establishing reservations would have to mention water rights explicitly in order to reserve water for a particular purpose. According to the passage, which of the following was true of the treaty establishing the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation? A. It was challenged in the Supreme Court a number of times. B. It was rescinded by the federal government, an action that gave rise to the Winters case. C. It cited American Indians’ traditional use of the land’s resources. D. It failed to mention water rights to be enjoyed by the reservation’s inhabitants. E. It was modified by the Supreme Court in Arizona v. California. The primary purpose of the passage is to A. trace the development of laws establishing American Indian reservations B. explain the legal bases for the water rights of American Indian tribes C. question the legal criteria often used to determine the water rights of American Indian tribes D. discuss evidence establishing the earliest date at which the federal government recognized the water rights of American Indians E. point out a legal distinction between different types of American Indian reservations
4 . 我没有看过机经，因为上一次的经验就是为机经所累。阅读说的一篇是关于美国妇女没有交很多税的问题，其实并不是她们没钱，而是很多document把她们都归到了丈夫的名下，不单独计算它们的财产 5. 还有一篇是说企业里activity driven 和result driven的decision making 这一篇很简单，因为和我的working background很接近，所以我基本什么理解困难 6. 有一篇长文章没看懂……sigh pacing is the key， can't agree more 7 .
閱讀碰到一篇講土星環的 遇到一个木星光环的题，很多细节题目 第一是主题。 第二是问说其他行星经过木星事会与之碰撞从而留下尘埃什么的，问说名什么，我选说明木星光环不是很早就随木星产生形成的 第三是说下面哪个是1970年以后接受的观点，选描述光环是大的物体被木星吸引分开一部分造成的 第四，是问哪个可能是木星光环的样子，我选比周围其他行星要亮没有这么暗
版本2 第一段：Saturn’s ring. Historically it is thought to be as old as solar system. but new evidence of meteoroid collision indicates it is quite new. For old ring will be as dark as chocolate or charcoal.说原来科学家都认为土星的光环基本上跟太阳系里面其他星球的年龄差不多的，大约是400billion年吧。这些光环都应该是那些流星雨冲击土星而形成的，是土星和流星雨的残骸。 第二段：但是最新的科学研究显示土星光环的表面比其他同年龄星球的光环颜色要淡，不是巧克力色或是深褐色的。流星冲击的越多，光环的颜色应该越深才对，于是现在科学家说这个土星光环基本上不是那么早以前流星雨冲击土星形成的，不然他们不会那么亮。推测有可能是一个巨大的星体不小心离土星太近结果被土星重力撕扯之后留下了很多什么ice，这些ice只有几百万年历史，形成了现在土星明亮的光环。 第一题问文章目的：a说defend一个传统的scientific explanation B说什么提供了一个证据干吗的，C说argue了过去一个发现不准确，D说为了提出一个新解释，e不搭界，我选C 第二题说现在科学家认为土星光环怎样，A说他们有400billion历史，B说他们跟太阳系的年龄一样大，C说他们怎样（这个大家好好看看），D说他们就是不只一个大星球撕扯产生的，E好像说他们是流星雨冲击产生的 我不确定自己选了C还是D，因为一开始觉得“不只一个大星球”不正确，但是又想大星球被土星撕扯代表“不只一个”吗？
版本3 星球题--S星本来被认为5亿年以前，但是如果那么老的话，应该脏，不亮。新研究发现该星光洁，不应该那么老。该星可能是从另一个large planet中被撞击分离出来的 有一题主题题，该篇主要干什么了 还有一题问那个large planet的特性，我选了不亮。不知对不对
版本4 第四个阅读是土星的圈。 具体内容前面机经说过。 就是说，有原来的理论说土星的圈年头很早，是从外太空来还是哪儿来的。 但是说，假如是从外太空来的，那些东西应该很dark (这里有题)；所以现在有理论说，土星的圈不是外太空来的，没那么久远的历史，应该是一些large body上的东西被土星引力吸过去造成的。 有一题问说，原文意思说土星的圈应该怎样的，我选得是，
应该是less dark than什么什么东西；
还有一题问说，土星的圈应该是怎么形成的，大概定位上去就是说本来是large body上的但是由于土星吸引力给tear apart了；
有道主旨题，选argue过去的一个理论。 版本5 For a long time, scientists believe that Saturn's ring is formed by the material from solar meteror，但是1970 后，有新的发现推翻了原来的理论原因，如果木星的环是由行星碰撞而成，环的material 应该是dark anddirty，
但现在发现很bright （有细节题）, 所以1970 后的新理论为木星的环为大的物体被木星的引力吸过来一部分造成的（有题）
这个发现也推翻了木星的环和木星一样老的理论，证明环只有几百万年，
比木星年轻多了。
[V5]Saturn 的Ring 被认为是在太阳系形成是就形成的了。传统认为是黑暗的小行星撞击所致，那么Ring应该也是黑的了。但很奇怪，Ring不是的；新的研究表明，Ring是由与Saturn擦肩而过的XX而形成的，which contain large body of icy (有题)，同时Ring 的年岁也没有太阳系那么长... 3问说其他行星经过土星事会与之碰撞从而留下尘埃什么的，问说名什么， 我选说明木星光环不是很早就随土星产生形成的 4是说下面哪个是1970年以后接受的观点， 选描述光环是大的物体被土星吸引分开一部分造成的 5是问哪个可能是土星光环的样子， 我选比周围其他行星要亮没有这么暗
8.一篇用藻類製造能源的 9.阅读出了篇法国大革命的，听我同学说他上午也考到了。是讨论法国大革命的爆发原因，好像是传统的认为考发原因是人口增长等等三四个原因，但后来研究发现那些原因都不对，虽然人口有增长了，但是物价没有上涨之类的，这出了到题问之前说的几个原因里，作者只同意了哪个，应该选人口增长的那个。这篇文章短而且不是很难~ 10.
语文阅读有讲纺织工人的
还有那个co2, so2(好像）
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发表于 2008-8-8 17:28:00
