ChaseDream
搜索
返回列表 发新帖
00:00:00

In tests for pironoma, a serious disease, a false positive result indicates that people have pironoma when, in fact, they do not; a false negative result indicates that people do not have pironoma when, in fact, they do. To detect pironoma most accurately, physicians should use the laboratory test that has the lowest proportion of false positive results.

Which of the following, if true, gives the most support to the recommendation above?

正确答案: E

更多相关帖子

524

帖子

15

好友

4712

积分

ChaseDream

注册时间
2003-03-17
精华
8
解析
查看: 2146|回复: 3
打印 上一主题 下一主题

新东方蓝书逻辑题第31页81题求解

[复制链接]
楼主
发表于 2008-9-2 10:12:00 | 只看该作者

新东方蓝书逻辑题第31页81题求解

81、In tests for pironoma, a serious disease, a false positive result indicates that people have pironoma when, in fact, they do not; a false negative result indicates that people do not have pironoma when, in fact, they do. To detect pironoma most accurately, physicians should use the laboratory test that has the lowest proportion of false positive results.Which of the following, if true, gives the most support to the recommendation above?
  (A) The accepted treatment for pironoma does not have damaging side effects.
  (B) The laboratory test that has the lowest proportion of false positive results causes the same minor side effects as do the other laboratory tests used to detect pironoma.
  (C) In treating pironoma patients, it is essential to begin treatment as early as possible, since even a week of delay can result in loss of life.
  (D) The proportion of inconclusive test results is equal for all laboratory tests used to detect pironoma.
  (E) All laboratory tests to detect pironoma have the same proportion of false negative results.

答案选E,哪位大侠给解释一下啊,谢谢
沙发
发表于 2008-9-2 11:18:00 | 只看该作者

这题比较有趣

楼主可以这样看题目,一类事物A,有两个缺点B和C,在同一类事物中,如果缺点C是一样的(意味着缺点C不影响同一类事物中的选择),那么选择判断的焦点自然落在了缺点B中,自然是谁的缺点B发生的概率小,就选谁。

或者用排除法

A出现了一个新概念ACCEPTED TREATMENT,题干中没有提出,所以这个选项完全没有解释题干中的问题。

B既然TEST THAT HAS THE LOWEST PROPORTION OF FALSE POSITIVE RESULTS所引起的后果和其他的是一样的,那么选择它和选择其它的有什么分别?同理,不光没有解决题干的问题,反而加深了迷惑。

D与B同理,既然大家的特质都是一样的,就没有理由选择你而不选择我。

C初看上去有点意思,事实上我认为此题就是C和E来比较,因为其它三个选项很容易被排除掉。但现在的问题是,注意C的前提,IN TREATING PIRONOMA PATIENTS,也就是说C的前提是在确认了此人患有PIRONOMA。显然,不管是LOWEST PROPORTION OF FALSE POSITIVE RESULTS还是LOWEST PROPORTION OF NEGATIVE RESULTS都没办法准确确认此人是否患有PIRONOMA。一般中国人的逻辑可能是,死马就当活马医,宁错杀三千也不肯放过一人,干脆把所有人都当作POSITIVE的来对待就好了。但换句话来说,既然NEGATIVE是说报告显示此人没有病,但实际上此人有病。那么HIGHEST PROPORTION OF NEGATIVE RESULTS的预测作用不就相当于LOWEST PROPORTION OF POSITIVE RESULTS的预测作用么?只不过一个是反的,一个是正的而已。

可能大家觉得我解释C有点绕,这正说明了C选项充满了不确定性,所以不应该选。

关于E就像我开头解释的那样。

不知道我的解释能否帮助到楼主理解这题

板凳
发表于 2008-9-2 12:12:00 | 只看该作者

我是这么理解的,如E所说 All laboratory tests to detect pironoma have the same proportion of false negative results.既然每个测试都会有同样的几率犯这样的错误,那么就拿它没办法了,所以就只能在positive results方面考虑咯。。当然就要选择一个positive最低的一个测试了。。。

这样想可能会轻松点。。。呵呵。。

地板
 楼主| 发表于 2008-9-2 19:59:00 | 只看该作者
您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

Mark一下! 看一下! 顶楼主! 感谢分享! 快速回复:

手机版|ChaseDream|GMT+8, 2024-11-26 06:26
京公网安备11010202008513号 京ICP证101109号 京ICP备12012021号

ChaseDream 论坛

© 2003-2023 ChaseDream.com. All Rights Reserved.

返回顶部