Although custom prosthetic bone replacements produced through a new computer-aided design process will cost more than twice as much as ordinary replacements, custom replacements should still be cost-effective. Not only will surgery and recovery time be reduced, but custom replacements should last longer, thereby reducing the need for further hospital stays.
Which of the following must be studied in order to evaluate the argument presented above?
110. Although custom prosthetic bone replacements produced through a new computer-aided design process will cost more than twice as much as ordinary replacements, custom replacements should still be cost-effective. Not only will surgery and recovery time be reduced, but custom replacements should last longer, thereby reducing the need for further hospital stays.
Which of the following must be studied in order to evaluate the argument presented above?
(A) The amount of time a patient spends in surgery versus the amount of time spent recovering from surgery
(B) The amount by which the cost of producing custom replacements has declined with the introduction of the new technique for producing them
(C) The degree to which the use of custom replacements is likely to reduce the need for repeat surgery when compared with the use of ordinary replacements
(D) The degree to which custom replacements produced with the new technique are more carefully manufactured than are ordinary replacements
(E) The amount by which custom replacements produced with the new technique will drop in cost as the production procedures become standardized and applicable on a larger scale
因果,结论最后一句。
A surgery and recovery time都会减少,二者比例对hospital stays无影响
B 不讨论cost
C 正确。如果需要repeat surgery 那可能要更多的呆医院了
D 做的子不仔细不影响hospital stays
E 大不大规模不能决定要不要hospital stays
上面是论坛里OG13按照Helr分类的解答,我对选项答案没意见,但是为什么我感觉这题是果因呢?
果:custom replacements should still be cost-effective
因:only will surgery and recovery time be reduced, but custom replacements should last longer, thereby reducing the need for further hospital stays.
因是解释为什么 custom replacements 会cost-effective的。
这里Argument是custom replacements should still be cost-effective
答案C:
取正:如果custom replacements的确大大的减少了repeat surgery,那么等于加强了的确是cost-effective
取反:如果custom replacements根本没有减少repeat surgery,那么即使有上面结论中的因,也不能得到custom replacements should still be cost-effective的果。等于削弱了了custom replacements should still be cost-effective。
判断因果还是果因不是简单看最后一句话是什么
前提是提供evidence 来支持结论
结论是被其他evidence支持的那句话
看回题干
哪句话支持哪句话?
surgery and recovery time will be reduced, replacements last longer
是支持 cost-effective 的
因此前者是前提 后者是结论
前提是因 结论是果 因此是因果
谢谢你来逻辑区回答我的问题!我问了好多天了没人回答。
讨论一下,我逻辑不是很好,有时候会corner myself,所以如果有逻辑漏洞请尽管指出来,我自己反思。
我觉得你这些说的都对:
判断因果还是果因不是简单看最后一句话是什么
前提是提供evidence 来支持结论
结论是被其他evidence支持的那句话
看回题干
哪句话支持哪句话?
surgery and recovery time will be reduced, replacements last longer
是支持 cost-effective 的
因此前者是前提 后者是结论
最后这句我有异议:
因果不是要看哪个发生在前,哪个发生在后吗?先发生的是因,后发生的是果啊。
此题中你也认可“surgery and recovery time will be reduced, replacements last longer 是支持 cost-effective 的”,那么一定要先生发“only will surgery and recovery time be reduced, but custom replacements should last longer, thereby reducing the need for further hospital stays”才能得出果“cost-effective”的啊!
这样不就是果因了吗?
前提和结论跟果因不冲突啊:因果中前提是因,结论是果(这个因一定产生这个果);果因中前提是果,结论是因(导致这个果产生的唯一原因)。而我认为本题就是后者。
请解惑。
如果我没理解错你的话,
你对cost-effective 和 time reduced 之间的因果关系是没错的
确实是因为time reduced,所以才cost-effective
但是,你对前提和结论的理解不对
前提只是supporting的作用
整个题干,最核心的内容要告诉你的是什么?
是现在科技有多少多少进步了吗?时间也减少,replacement也last longer吗?
不是,告诉你这些唯一的目的,是证明 这个技术是 cost-effective的
Although XXXX, C is cost-effective; Reduced time, longer replacement, THEREBY reduce further stay ( so that C could be cost-effective)
要搞清楚argument里面哪句话是support哪句话的
本题里 提供support的就是前提,被support的就是结论