三道逻辑题需要xdjm帮忙！

4.     At one time, European and Japanese companies tried to imitate their American rivals. Today, American appliance manufacturers import European scientists to lead their research staffs; American automakers design cars that mimic the styling of German, Italian, and French imports; and American electronics firms boast in their advertising of “Japanese-style” devotion to quality and reliability. In the world of high technology, America has lost the battle for international prestige.

Each of the following statements, if true, would help to support the claim above EXCEPT:

(A) An American camera company claims in its promotional literature to produce cameras “as fine as the best Swiss imports.”

(B) An American maker of stereo components designs its products to resemble those of a popular Japanese firm.

(C) An American manufacturer of video games uses a brand name chosen because it sounds like a Japanese word.

(D) An American maker of televisions studies German-made televisions in order to adopt German manufacturing techniques.（E）

(E) An American maker of frozen foods advertises its dinners as “Real European-style entrees prepared by fine French and Italian chefs.”

答案是E，我选的D不明白为什么E 。感觉E确实有支持结论的作用啊？反倒是D感觉不像支持，因为老美采用德国的技术他可以生产美国产品并打美国产旗帜并不一定说美lost the battle for international prestige.如果说一定要选E是因为frozen food不属于high technology，属于out of scope对吗？不知道这样理解对不对？nn帮忙分析一下。thanks!

An unbiased observer of everyday encounters in Western societies would surely not find many instances of unkindness by people under 65 toward people over 65. There are undoubtedly incidents of unkindness based on age, and these warrant reproof. However, the very fact that such reproof occurs and is generally accepted implies that our Western societies basically respect the elderly. The same conclusion can be drawn from a recent survey finding: 71 percent of the under 65 population agreed with the statement that “people over 65 receive too little respect from society”, while only 44 percent of the over-65 population, the target of the alleged irreverence agreed with it.

The author concludes that Western societies basically respect the elderly partly because

(A) people under 65 are just as kind to people over 65 as they are to people of their own age group

(B) survey data suggest that fewer people over 65 than under 65 get too little respect

(C) disrespect for the elderly does not go so far as to result in actual harm

(D) survey data suggest that people over 65 are more aware of incidents involving disrespect to the elderly than are people under 65（E）

(E) incidents of unkindness to the elderly are neither common nor generally accepted in Western societies

Why not D?我觉得E说不通呢？感觉是无关选项耶，帮我分析一下好吗？

23.   The function of government is to satisfy the genuine wants of the masses, and government cannot satisfy those wants unless it is informed about what those wants are. Freedom of speech ensures that such information will reach the ears of government officials. Therefore, freedom of speech is indispensable for a healthy state.

Which one of the following, if true, would NOT undermine the conclusion of the argument?

(A) People most often do not know what they genuinely want.

(B) Freedom of speech tends ultimately to undermine social order, and social order is a prerequisite for satisfying the wants of the masses.

(C) The proper function of government is not to satisfy wants, but to provide equality of opportunity.

(D) Freedom of speech is not sufficient for satisfying the wants of the masses: social order is necessary as well.（D）

(E) Rulers already know what the people want.

 答案是D，我猜是因为削弱了必要条件freedom of speech而不是直接削弱conclusion。这样理解对吗？

E为什么不对呢？帮我分析一下如何理解E进行了削弱conclusion.好吗？多谢各位

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