求GWD21的讲解

Passage 4 (Q35-Q37)

This passage was adapted from an article written in 1990.

Research data indicate that

there is a great deal of poverty in

the United States among single-

Line  parent families headed by women.

(5)    This problem could result from

the fact that women’s wages are

only 60 percent of men’s. Some

economists believe that rigorous

enforcement of existing equal pay

(10)   laws would substantially decrease

this wage inequity. But equal pay

laws are ineffectual when women

and men are concentrated in different

occupations because such laws

(15)   require only that women and men

doing the same jobs be paid the

same. Since gender concentration

exists (for example, 80 percent of

clerical workers are women), other

(20)   economists argue that a comparable

worth standard, which would

mandate that women and men in

any jobs that require comparable

training and responsibility be paid

(25)   the same, should be applied

instead. But some policy analysts

assert that, although comparable

worth would virtually equalize male

and female wages, many single-

(30)   parent families headed by women

would remain in poverty because

many men earn wages that are

below the poverty line. These

policy analysts believe that the

(35)   problem is not caused primarily by

wage inequity but rather by low

wages coupled with single parent

hood, regardless of sex. As a

solution, they challenge the govern-

(40)   ment’s assumption that a family’s

income should depend primarily on

wages and urge the government to

provide generous wage supplements

(child and housing allow-

(45)   ances) to single parents whose

wages are low.

GWD 21-35

The passage suggests that the United States government’s policy towards providing wage supplements to parents whose wages are low is

A. considered ill advised by most economists who have studied the issue

B. based on assumptions about the appropriate sources of family income

C. under revision in response to criticism from some policy analysts

D. capable of eliminating wage inequality but not of raising incomes for both women and men  (B)

E. applicable to single-parent families headed by women but not to single-parent families headed by men

GWD 21-36

Which of the following is most clearly an example of the policy advocated by the policy analysts mentioned in line 26 ?

A. A government provides training to women who wish to move out of occupations in which women are concentrated.

B. A government supports research that analyzes the connection between wage inequality and poverty among single-parent families headed by women.

C. A government surveys wages annually to make certain that women and men in the same jobs receive the same pay.

D. A government analyzes jobs in terms of the education and responsibility they require and publishes a list of jobs that should be considered equivalent for wage purposes.  (E)

E. A government provides large rent subsidies to single parents whose wages are less than half the average worker’s wage.

GWD 21-37

According to the passage, some economists believe that, in the United States, there would be smaller differences between the wages of women and men who do the same jobs if

A. equal pay laws were enforced more fully

B. more stringent equal pay laws were passed

C. a more rigorous comparable worth standard were developed and applied

D. more men entered the occupations in which women are concentrated  (A)

E. women received the same kind and amount of job training that men receive

这篇文章看着看着就乱了，清哪位高人指点一下，我后面的题都错了。