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前天第一次考，拿到640，比预期低好多所以决定再战，一个月后重考！
发一些我之前看了论坛里各位大神作文发的的各种资料，自己再次做了一个更简洁的总结
很适合考试前一天冲刺哦，临时抱佛脚最直截了当的方法。
攒人品了啊，希望二战能够700~
大家一起努力加油！
Introduction
In this argument , the author concludes that …..
To justify the conclusion, he cites that…
At first glance, the argument is seemingly somewhatconvincing, but further reflection reveals that the argument fails to addresssome important concerns which are necessary to substantiate the argument.
The argument is logically flawed in several aspects,eg........, which renders it unconvincing as it stands.
The argument suffers from a number of flaws, rangingfrom… to…, which would collectively mandate a careful reevaluation before theproposal could be carried out.
Body
Mixup correlation and causation
The author unfairly assumes that the fact that A isdue to B, however there is no sufficient evidence which can substantiate theassumption.
The author overlooks other factors that might alsocontribute to the result. It is entirely possible that…
In short, without considering and ruling out all ofthese and other possibilities, the credibility of the author’s conclusion isopen to doubt for the reason that each of the possibilities, if true, wouldserve to undermine the conclusion.
Unjustified assumption
The conclusion that … is based on the unsupported premise that …, thus the conclusioncannot be validated unless the unjustified assumption can be proven.
The argument rests on a unconvincing assumption that Aleads to B for the reason that there is no evidence given to substantiate theclaim that A contributes to B
ð Might be assumption of shared beliefs, theauthor assumes that the listener will share certain basic beliefs
Drawsextreme conclusion
The word best used in the conclusion is so extremethat the premises cannot justify that conclusion.
Noother alternatives/middle ground
The author assumes that AA and BB are mutuallyexclusive alternatives and there is no room for a middle ground. Common sensetells us that adjusting both AA and BB might produce better results
Without weighing the proposal against alternatives,the article’s claim that… is the best is wholly unconvincing
Falseanalogy
The similarities of the two situations are highlyquestionable form several aspect.
The author has not established enough similaritiesbetween the two objects to draw an effective analogy between them
The argument is unconvincing also because it is basedon a false analogy. Failing to take into account the possible differencesbetween A and B.
Without providing sufficient information showing thatmost or even all the conditions in A and B are similar, the author cannotconvince me that the A is as efficient as B
Future=/= past
The statistics from only a few years ago are notnecessarily a good indicator of future trends.
The author assumes without justification that thebackground conditions have remained the same at different times or at differentlocation.
InsufficientSample
The threshold problem with this argument involves thestudy itself. The statistical reliability of the survey is dubious for the reason that the speakerprovide no evidence which can show that the number of the respondents isstatistically significant or that the respondents were representative of theoverall group of people in general.
The sample might not be necessarily representative of…
DoubtfulSurvey
The poll cited by the author is too vague to beinformative. The claim does not indicate who conducted the poll, who responded,or when, where and how the poll was conducted
It is impossible to access the validity of theresults. Thus the results of the survey are worthless as evidence for theconclusion
Conclusion
To sum up, the argument that .. is seriouslyundermined by the numerous logical flaws identified above. To strengthen theargument, the author should provide reliable evidence about…, eliminaterelevant factors that may result in…, or take into consideration other issuesdiscussed above
Because the argument leaves out several key issues, itis not sound or persuasive. If it included the items discussed above instead ofsolely explaining…., the argument would have been more thorough and convincing.
StartingPhrases
Most conspicuously, the argument does not address thecause of the problem of …
In a weak attempt to support its claim, the argumentdescribes….
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发表于 2016-5-24 16:23:23
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