请牛牛们赐教!

appledandan · 发表于 2003-4-4 18:44:00

今天做LAST遇到7道问题,有些已经理解了答案,但觉得其他选项还值得推敲.所以贴出来,和大家讨论一下.请赐教!

LAST 第一分册sectionII qest 6,13,17,18,20,22,23

Patient: Doctor, I read an article that claimed that the first few hours after birth are very important to establishing a mother-infant bond, which is the first step in building a healthy relationship. Can you assure me that my relationship with my baby has not been permanently harmed by our separation for several days after his birth?
Physician: Your relationship with your child has not been harmed by the separation. Mother-infant bonding is not like an “instant glue” that cements your relationship forever. Having your infant with you during the period immediately after birth does give your relationship a head start, but many factors are involved in building a strong and lasting relationship between a mother and her child.
6. The doctor does which one of the following in her reply to her patient?
(A) She rejects an analogy in an attempt to reduce the patient’s concern.
(B) She cites evidence to show that the patient’s worry is unfounded.
(C) She misinterprets the patient’s explanation of her concern.
(D) She establishes that the article that the patient read was in error.
(E) She names other factors that are more important in creating a mother-infant bond.
The answer is C. how to say the doctor misinterprets the patient?

13. That gadget I bought for the kitchen last week has already broken. It’s just another example of the shoddy products that we are seeing more and more of these days. The thing was probably manufactured in East Golo.
Which one of the following is the best expression of an unstated premise that underlies the author’s reasoning in the passage?
(A) If a manufacturer uses shoddy materials to make a gadget, the gadget is likely to break quickly.
(B) If a gadget breaks quickly, it was probably manufactured in East Golo.
(C) If a kitchen gadget was manufactured in East Golo, it should not be sold in this country.
(D) If everything that is manufactured in East Golo breaks quickly, then kitchen gadgets manufactured in East Golo are likely to break quickly.
(E) Nothing that is manufactured in East Golo can be expected to last more than a week
the answer is B. but what is wrong with choice D?

Question 17-18
If the artificial is not better than the natural, to what end are all the arts of life? To dig, to plow, to build, to wear clothes—all are direct violations of the injunction to follow nature.
17. Which one of the following is an assumption made by the author of the passage?
(A) The arts of life have no useful end.
(B) The artificial is not better than the natural.
(C) Digging, plowing, building, and wearing clothes are better than nature.
(D) The injunction to follow nature should not be violated.
(E) The arts of life are indirect means of following nature.
Violation:违背 injunction:指令,禁令
The answer is C. why not D?

18. If the author’s argument were challenged on the grounds that the construction of buildings has adverse effects on the natural environment, which of the following replies might the author use to respond to the challenge logically?
(A) There are human activities, such as making music, that are environmentally harmless.
(B) Harming the environment is not an end, of purpose, of the arts of life.
(C) The construction could involve the use of natural, not artificial, materials.
(D) Constructing buildings is not an “art of life.”
(E) Even if the natural environment is disturbed by the construction of buildings, it is improved for human use.
The answer is E, why? I think the passage only refers following nature and does not mention human use.

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-4-4 19:06:40编辑过]

晴天猪 · 发表于 2003-4-4 18:50:00

appleＭＭ：请你分开发帖好吗？每帖问题数请控制在２－３题，一次太多不利于牛牛们解答～
谢谢合作～

Bensontuo · 发表于 2019-8-20 19:28:15

appledandan 发表于 2003-4-4 18:44
今天做LAST遇到7道问题,有些已经理解了答案,但觉得其他选项还值得推敲.所以贴出来,和大家讨论一下.请赐教!L ...

6.

Spot the question type: method of the reasoning

Patient assumed that without that few hours, the relationship must be permanently harmed.

Doctor: it is one of the necessary condition but not sufficient condition.

(A) doesn't seem appealing. The analogy it talks about is the "instant glue" one. The doctor introduces and rejects it to reduce patient's concern. But one would think that the analogy should have been given by the patient and she should be the one rejecting it to reduce patient's concern.

(B) She cites evidence to show that the patient’s worry is unfounded.

No evidence is given by her.

(C) She misinterprets the patient’s explanation of her concern.

The patient seems to feel that this bond is necessary for future relation and the doctor tries to convince that it is not sufficient for future relation (other factors are involved too). In this way it could be said that the doctor misinterprets the patient's explanation of her concern.

(D) She establishes that the article that the patient read was in error.

She does not "establish" that the article was erroneous. She takes a tangent explanation to alleviate the patient's concerns.

(E) She names other factors that are more important in creating a mother-infant bond.

Bensontuo · 发表于 2019-8-21 17:26:46

appledandan 发表于 2003-4-4 18:44
今天做LAST遇到7道问题,有些已经理解了答案,但觉得其他选项还值得推敲.所以贴出来,和大家讨论一下.请赐教!L ...

13.

Spot the question type: Assumption

Apparently, what the author assumed is that the product from East Golo is no less shoddy than the same type of the products from the rest of the company from the market.

Let dive into the answer.

A. Negate - Shell game answer, its not about the materials of the products but the product itself is shoddy.

B. Negate - " not manufactured in East Golo " - Perfectly overturn our underling assumption.

C. Non relevant

D. This conditional logic statement is not really relevant to our argument.

Think in this way, do we really need to have a sufficient condition that " If everything that is manufactured in East Golo Breaks quickly " ? Which is to say, it is not necessary that Kitchen gadgets of East Golo will be likely to break quickly if " everything " manufactured in East Golo breaks quickly.

Bensontuo · 发表于 2019-8-21 17:46:53

appledandan 发表于 2003-4-4 18:44
今天做LAST遇到7道问题,有些已经理解了答案,但觉得其他选项还值得推敲.所以贴出来,和大家讨论一下.请赐教!L ...

( To what end = purpose )

If artificial is not better than the nature, then what is the purpose of the arts of life ?

If arts of life is purposeful, it must be true that artificial is better than the nature, since DPW ---> violations of the injunctions to follow nature.

So, we have few assumptions to be spotted here.

1. Regardless of being violating to the injunctions to follow nature or not, as long as it is purposeful, it is better than nature.

2. If DPW is art of life and being purposeful, it must be better than the nature.

Let us dive into the answer.

A Negate - not undermine the argument

B.It is one of the condition set by the author, so this answer is premise booster

C. Thats exactly what we discussed above.

D. It is not relevant to the argument.

E. Negate - we are not discussing whether to be follow or not, not really relevant to the argument.

请牛牛们赐教!

请牛牛们赐教!

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