IR題，就是看不懂，怎麽辦？真心求助！IR很重要，影響下面做題心情，舉例Manhattan I...

shanmin2002 · 发表于 2014-12-9 20:43:04

The invented languages of Kurtish and of Laeglish both obey principles of vowel harmony within words, although in different ways. In both languages, the five vowels (a, e, i, o, and u) are classified either as brutish (a, o, and u) or as fragile (e and i). In Kurtish, every word that contains vowels can itself be classified as brutish or as fragile, according to the vowels it contains; there are no mixed-vowel words. In Laeglish, on the other hand, it is possible to have mixed-vowel words, but within Laeglish words, every consonant (non-vowel letter) or continuous cluster of consonants can only directly touch vowels of one type or the other.

In the first column, select a word that, according to the constraints given, could be in the Laeglish language, but not Kurtish. In the second column, select a word that could be in neither language. Make only two selections, one in each column.

Laeglish only Neither Word
                        calzral
                           fjp
                        aphueitse
                        brushmen
                        qudxatroua
                        hzziigri

adsdsd · 发表于 2016-10-17 10:14:23

You are asked to figure out and apply these linguistic constraints to possible words. Let’s start with the classification of vowels as “brutish” (a, o, and u) and as “fragile” (e and i).
Kurtish has stricter rules about the separation of these vowels—only one kind can appear within any word. Since this is a simple constraint, let’s apply it first. Which words fail this constraint?
calzral – only a, brutish – passes
fjp – NO vowels, but that’s okay (see note below) – passes
aphueitse – both brutish (a and u) and fragile (e and i) – fails, can’t be Kurtish
brushmen – both brutish (u) and fragile (e) – fails, can’t be Kurtish
(don’t be fooled by the fact that brushmen sounds okay in English, though it’s not an English word)
qudxatroua – only brutish (a, o, and u) – passes
hzziigri – only fragile (i) – passes
So we know that our two answers must be in the middle, aphueitse and brushmen. One of these could be Laeglish; the other cannot. Now we have to apply the second constraint, the one about Laeglish: every consonant or group of consonants can only “directly touch” vowels of one type or the other. Let’s compare:
aPHueiTSe
– the PH touches a and u, which are both brutish
– the TS touches i and e, which are both fragile
This passes the Laeglish test. Double-check the other word:
BRuSHMeN
– the BR only touches u, but the SHM touches u (brutish) and e (fragile). That breaks the Laeglish rule.
So aphueitse could be Laeglish but not Kurtish; brushmen could not be either.
Column 1: The correct answer is C.
Column 2: The correct answer is D.

Note that fjp does not have any vowels as defined above, but no constraint demands that a word in either language contain vowels! In fact, a nod is given to the possibility of zero vowels within a word with the language “according to the vowels it [a word] contains, if any” (emphasis added). Don’t apply outside knowledge inappropriately here (you expect words to have vowels).

IR題，就是看不懂，怎麽辦？真心求助！IR很重要，影響下面做題心情，舉例Manhattan I...

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