AmyGMAT 发表于 2010-4-20 15:30 ![]()
牛牛们，无助啊。我真的很想像那些大牛们一下自己钻研，找出方法，可奈何心有余而力不足，nn们一定帮帮忙啊 ...
In 1977 the prestigious Ewha Women’s University in Seoul, Korea, announced the opening of the first women’s studies program in Asia. Few academic programs have ever received such public attention. 一个新的关于女性的研究项目在韩国出现In broadcast debates, critics dismissed the program as a betrayal of national identity, an imitation of Western ideas, and a distraction from the real task of national unification and economic development. Even supporters underestimated the program; they thought it would be merely another of the many Western ideas that had already proved useful in Asian culture, akin to airlines, electricity, and the assembly line. 批评者认为该项目很大程度上是对于western ideas的模仿The founders of the program, however, realized that neither view was correct. They 指代the founders had some reservations about the applicability of Western feminist theories to the role of women in Asia and felt that such theories should be closely examined. Their approach has thus far (thus far: 迄今) yielded important critiques of Western theory, informed by the special experience of Asian women.该项目的发起人认为他们的项目对western theories有所保留，甚至是批评western theory的，即实际上不同于western theory For instance,举例对上面的观点进行说明 like the Western feminist critique of the Freudian model of the human psyche, the Korean critique finds Freudian theory culture-bound, but in ways different from those cited by Western theorists. 对比Western feminist和Korean 对于Freudian的批判方法的不同The Korean theorists claim that Freudian theory assumes the universality of the Western nuclear, male-headed family and focuses on the personality formation of the individual, independent of (independent of: 不依赖...,独立于....) society. An analysis based on such assumptions could be valid for a highly competitive, individualistic society. In the Freudian family drama (a state, situation, or series of events involving interesting or intense conflict of forces), family members are assumed to be engaged in a Darwinian struggle against each other—father against son and sibling against sibling. Such a concept projects the competitive model of Western society onto human personalities.说明western society是认同independent ，并且弗洛伊德也是受到了西方社会的影响But in the Asian concept of personality there is no ideal attached to individualism or to the independent self. 在亚洲人们并不认同个人主义The Western model of personality development does not explain major characteristics of the Korean personality, which is social and group-centered. The “self” is a social being defined by and acting in a group, and the well-being of both men and women is determined by the equilibrium of the group, not by individual self-assertion (1: the act of asserting oneself or one's own rights, claims, or opinions 2: the act of asserting one's superiority over others). The ideal is one of interdependency.通过研究双方对于社会形式的认识，说明西方更加强调个体性，而亚洲更加突出总体 In such a context, what is recognized as “dependency” in Western psychiatric terms is not, in Korean terms, an admission of weakness or failure. All this bears directly on the Asian perception of men’s and women’s psychology because men are also “dependent.” In Korean culture, men cry and otherwise easily show their emotions, something that might be considered a betrayal of masculinity（男子气概） in Western culture. 说明男性在西方和在韩国的不同In the kinship-based society of Korea, four generations may live in the same house, which means that people can be sons and daughters all their lives, whereas in Western culture, the roles of husband and son, wife and daughter, are often incompatible.说明中西方家庭生活的不同 总结：第一段虽然提到了对于该新项目的批评，但是其发起人认为这个项目并不是对于西方理论的模仿，而是与其有区别，甚至是批判的地方。然后举例，西方和韩国对于弗洛伊德的批评观点不同，最后举例中西方家庭生活的区别。主要目的就是为了说明实际上该项目和西方理论是有区别的！
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发表于 2013-3-26 16:58:56
