gwd-24-10

   Is it possible to decrease

inflation without causing a reces-

sion and its concomitant increase

line in unemployment? The orthodox

(5)  answer is “no.” whether they

    support the “inertia” theory of

    inflation (that today’s inflation rate

    is caused by yesterday’s infla-

    tion, the state of the economic

(10) cycle, and external influences

such as import prices) or the

“rational expectations” theory

(that inflation is caused by

workers’ and employers’ expec-

(15) tations, coupled with a lack of

credible monetary and fiscal

policies), most economists

agree that tight monetary and

fiscal policies, which cause

(20) recessions, are necessary to

   decelerate inflation. They point

   out that in the 1980’s, many

   European countries and the

   United States conquered high

(25) (by these countries’ standards)

inflation, but only by applying tight

monetary and fiscal policies that

sharply increased unemployment.

Nevertheless, some govern-

(30) ments’ policymakers insist that

direct controls on wages and

prices, without tight monetary and

fiscal policies, can succeed in

decreasing inflation. Unfortu-

(35) nately, because this approach

fails to deal with the underlying

causes of inflation, wage and

price controls eventually col-

lapse, the hitherto-repressed

(40) inflation resurfaces, and in the

meantime, though the policy-

makers succeed in avoiding a

recession, a frozen structure of

relative prices imposes distor-

(45) tions that do damage to the

economy’s prospects for long-

term growth.

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10

The passage suggests that the high inflation in the

United States and many European countries in the

1980’s differed from inflation elsewhere in which of

the following ways?

A. It fit the rational expectations theory of inflation

   but not the inertia theory of inflation.

B. It was possible to control without causing a

   recession.

C. It was easier to control in those countries by

   applying tight monetary and fiscal policies

   than it would have been elsewhere.

D. It was not caused by workers’ and employers’

   expectations.

E. It would not necessarily be considered high

   elsewhere.

Answer:e

这篇文章看着还挺明白的，但是一做题目就完全没有头绪了，忘高人指点。

 这个题我也做错了，后来看到原文有这个一句话，不知道能不能作为选E的理由，望NN来解答一下子

many

   European countries and the

   United States conquered high

(25) (by these countries’ standards)

inflation

为什么不能选B啊？