GWD22里的一道题

穆汐寒 · 发表于 2017-3-15 10:50:56

Vorland’s government is planning a nationwide ban on smoking in restaurants. The objection that the ban would reduce restaurants’ revenues is ill founded. Several towns in Vorland enacted restaurant smoking restrictions five years ago. Since then, the amount the government collects in restaurant meal taxes in those towns has increased 34 percent, on average, but only 26 percent elsewhere in Vorland. The amount collected in restaurant meal taxes closely reflects restaurants’ revenues.

Which of the following, if true, most undermines the defense of the government’s plan?

A. When the state first imposed a restaurant meal tax, opponents predicted that restaurants’ revenues would decline as a result, a prediction that proved to be correct in the short term.
B. The tax on meals in restaurants is higher than the tax on many other goods and services.
C. Over the last five years, smoking has steadily declined throughout Vorland.
D. In many of the towns that restrict smoking in restaurants, restaurants can maintain separate dining areas where smoking is permitted.
E. Over the last five years, government revenues from sales taxes have grown no faster in the towns with restaurant smoking restrictions than in the towns that have no such restrictions.
这题问题到底是削弱政府的plan还是那个objection？文段里首先说了政府计划，又说了一个revenue会下降的顾虑，之后说因为tax可以反映revenue 并且那几个地方的tax 上升的百分比比其他地方多。那实际就是想说revenue是上升的？那这题观点最后应该是啥？

Gkibt · 发表于 2017-3-15 14:00:54

题目内容：1. 政府plan：ban smoking in restaurant。 2. 但是有人反对说这样会影响restaurant的收益. 3. 5年前有些小镇加入这个禁烟计划。4. 自从实施这个计划之后，政府在这些实施禁烟计划的小镇里的餐厅收税高了，相比于其他地方来说。5。税收的水平接近于收益的水平。

most undermines the defense of the government's plan?

defense of the government's plan的内容是：禁烟不会导致餐厅收益下降，因为凡是禁烟的餐厅税收都高了，而税收水平接近于收益水平。
undermine上面defense的内容：找到其他原因说明禁烟对餐厅有影响

A. 在谈论税收的影响，禁烟部分没谈论，所以排
B  税收的比较与禁烟也没关系排
C  吸烟下降，有吸烟但没餐厅，排
D  禁烟的餐厅，有分开地方（可以吸烟和不可以吸烟）来运营，跟禁烟跟餐厅有关系，留着
E  政府收益在有禁烟的餐厅比没有禁烟的餐厅税收是否快速增长，看似有烟有餐厅，但主语的对象是政府收益，所以还是无关，排除

D为答案

lisiberry · 发表于 2017-3-15 18:46:30

Gkibt 发表于 2017-3-15 14:00
题目内容：1. 政府plan：ban smoking in restaurant。 2. 但是有人反对说这样会影响restaurant的收益. 3. 5 ...

RRZZR · 发表于 2017-3-15 23:24:09

Which of the following, if true, most undermines the defense of the government’s plan?
找一个weaken government's plan的选项，即weaken smoking ban的选项。

我觉得如果不拿问题来看，整个passage的conclusion是第二句（好像是和问题稍有偏差，虽然问得方向是一样的），即conclusion是The objection that the ban would reduce restaurants' revenues is ill founded.

第三句第四句都是支持第二句的原因，说禁烟的revenue涨了34%，没禁的只涨26%，所以禁的涨的比没禁的涨的多。所以禁烟好。（支持了第二句the objection of ban is ill founded）

穆汐寒 · 发表于 2017-3-16 21:39:41

Gkibt 发表于 2017-3-15 14:00
题目内容：1. 政府plan：ban smoking in restaurant。 2. 但是有人反对说这样会影响restaurant的收益. 3. 5 ...

很清晰，谢谢！

yupangqiuqiu · 发表于 2019-8-8 01:26:48

翻译：V地计划全国餐厅禁烟计划。
有反对者认为该禁烟计划会减少餐厅收入，该反对站不住脚。
一些towns在五年前开始该计划，在此之后政府从这些地方餐厅征收的税增长了34%（意思是这些餐厅禁烟城市的餐厅收入增加了）；但其他地方的餐厅收入增加了26%。

结论：禁烟计划不会减少餐厅收入。

推理&分析（前提以及和结论关系）：
总结：
P：在禁烟之后收入增加
C：禁烟计划不会减少餐厅收入
GAP：没有造成结果不代表本身不会产生负面影响
答案方向：寻找选项找到是否有别的因素解决了禁烟本会对收入的负面影响。

其它选项都没有谈禁烟，无关。

D选项解释了禁烟之后为什么没有收入下降，因为有区域可以继续服务smokers, 所以收入没有真的受到影响。这就意味着如果没有smoker的区域，可能就会受影响了。说明禁烟还是会减少收入的。undermine了作者对禁烟不会对收入产生负面影响的反对。

Bensontuo · 发表于 2019-8-10 13:42:48

yupangqiuqiu 发表于 2019-8-8 01:26
翻译：V地计划全国餐厅禁烟计划。
有反对者认为该禁烟计划会减少餐厅收入，该反对站不住脚。
一些towns在五 ...

Spot the question type: necessary assumption - Weaken

Conclusion - The object is wrong ( Ban would " not " reduce restaurants revenue )

Support -> The meal taxes grow by 34 percent.

So, youpangqiuqiu, just my humble 2 cents to share, I disagree with your point that the gap could be described as " 没有造成结果不代表本身不会产生负面影响 "

you are misleading.

we are not discussing whether there are any negative impacts or not, you are misleading by presuming " 負面影響必定跟收益有正相關“。

Instead, before looking the gap, you must be spotting the necessary assumption here, and which could be described as follows

1. There are no any variables exist by which offset the effectiveness from the Ban

2. The demographics regarding the background of the customers from all of the restaurants given by the arguments must not be varied.

Secondly, the way you answer the question by saying " 答案方向：寻找选项找到是否有别的因素解决了禁烟本会对收入的负面影响。 " is the paraphrase of the necessary assumption offered.

So, D.

GWD22里的一道题

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