这道题偶作对了,但是不知道想法对不对,你说的选项是reformers提出的,不是sociological economists提出的,我觉得这里面有你想当然的想法,文中只说sociological economists tend to view all human behavior as directed primarily by the principle of maximizing economic gain.earnings不是新名词,是gain的转义。另外我觉得这个答案肯定不是在第二段,应该在最后一段找,所以选的第二个。