ELSAT-CR-10-24

mygoalusa

24. It has been claimed that an action is morally good only if it benefits another person and was performed with that intention; whereas an action that harms another person is morally bad either if such harm was intended or if reasonable forethought would have shown that the action was likely to cause harm.

Which one of the following judgments most closely confirms to the principle cited above?

(A) Pamela wrote a letter attempting to cause trouble between Edward and his friends; this action of Pamela’s was morally bad, even though the letter, in fact, had an effect directly opposite from the one intended.

(B) In order to secure a promotion, Jeffery devoted his own time to resolving a backlog of medical benefits claims; Jeffrey’s action was morally good since it alone enabled Sara’s claim to be processed in time for her to receive much-needed treatment.

(C) Intending to help her elderly neighbor by clearing his walkway after a snowstorm, Teresa inadvertently left ice on his steps; because of this exposed ice, her neighbor had a bad fall, thus showing that morally good actions can have bad consequences.

(D) Marilees, asked by a homeless man for food, gave the man her own sandwich; however, because the man tried to talk while he was eating the sandwich, it caused him to choke, and thus Marilees unintentionally performed a morally bad action.

(E) Jonathan agreed to watch his three-year-old niece while she played but, becoming engrossed in conversion, did not see her run into the street where she was hit by a bicycle; even though he intended no harm, Jonathan’s action was morally bad.

morally good → benefit + good intention;

intended harm OR forethought of likeliness of harm → morally bad

I am struggling between A and E. E is the key and I have no problem with E. But what about A? Pamela's intention is harmful which satisfies one of the two conditions and then can make the conclusion of "morally bad", and "even though the letter in fact had an effect directly opposite from the one intended" has no effect on the conclusion anyway.

lawyer_1

1。mygoalusa。我找不到你的题的出处，无法给你修改题目，请你按置定顶贴的发贴格式的要求修改题目。

2。A错的原因是P伤害的的是关系，不是某个人。而原文的原则伤害的是某个人。