prep07 Essay6 Q21求教

lllijiaqi

According to P. F.Drucker, the management philosophy known as Total Quality Management (TQM),which is designed to be adopted consistently throughout an organization and toimprove customer service by using sampling theory to reduce the variability ofa product's quality, can work successfully in conjunction with two oldermanagement systems.  As Drucker notes,TQM's scientific approach is consistent with the statistical samplingtechniques of the "rationalist" school of scientific management, andthe organizational structure associated with TQM is consistent with the socialand psychological emphases of the "human relations" school of management.

However, TQM cannotsimply be grafted onto these systems or onto certain other non-TQM managementsystems.  Although, as Drucker contends,TQM shares with such systems the ultimate objective of increasingprofitability, TQM requires fundamentally different strategies.  While the other management systems referredto use upper management decision-making and employee specialization to maximizeshareholder profits over the short term, TQM envisions the interests ofemployees, shareholders, and customers as convergent.  For example, lower prices not only benefitconsumers but also enhance an organization's competitive edge and ensure itscontinuance, thus benefiting employees and owners.  TQM's emphasis on shared interests isreflected in the decentralized decision-making, integrated production activity,and lateral structure of organizations that achieve the benefits of TQM.

Question #21.  196-06     (22236-!-item-!-188;#058&000196-06)

According to the passage,the rationalist and human relations schools of management are alike in thatthey

(A) are primarilyinterested in increasing profits

(B) place little emphasison issues of organizational structure

(C) use statisticalsampling techniques to increase profitability

(D) are unlikely to lowerprices in order to increase profitability

(E) focus chiefly onsetting and attaining long-term objectives

这题我选了D，第二段中间作者提到TQM与其他管理系统的区别是，其他系统注重股东的短期利润，而TQM则将股东、雇员和顾客的利益看成是一致的，例如低价既可以增加消费者的福利又可以提高公司竞争力给公司员工和股东带来收益。
那这不就是说TQM会采用低价这种策略，而其他系统不会采用么，为什么不能选D呢？求大神指导！！！！

lllijiaqi

顶！！！！