【Native Speaker每日综合训练—34系列】【34-08】经管 International Students

TaoRs92

Official Weibo: http://weibo.com/u/3476904471

又到周五！
今天的主题相信大家比较熟悉，上CD的小伙伴应该大部分都在准备出国，或者已经出国了吧~
从留学生的角度，通过留学，我们可以学到很多很多。
而从对方国家的角度，留学生也对其经济、教育资源的管理等方方面面产生巨大的影响。

今天的内容选取4个中国留学生常去的国家：美国、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚作为材料。
因为2014年的数据年底才会出炉，所以大部分是12/13年的内容。

Speed部分分为三篇文章，分别讲述：
英国对留学生的态度、
留学生对加拿大教育资源的影响、
留学生在澳大利亚生活和学习成本的变化（这篇文章的数据是去年8月的，但现在澳元汇率和文章发表时相差不远，所以选成正文）
Obstacle专门针对美国，因为原文字数不够，另选了一篇相关小短文当做warm up。
Speaker没有找到非常切合主题的材料，所以选了一篇打擦边球的TED讲座。大家在提高英语能力的同时，也别忘了中文的魅力！

Enjoy~!!

Part I: Speaker

Patricia Ryan: Don't insist on English!

[Rephrase 1]

[Speech, 10min 36sec]

Source：TED

http://www.ted.com/talks/patricia_ryan_ideas_in_all_languages_not_just_english

TaoRs92

Part II: Speed

Where is the love? Majority of international students in the UK do not feel welcome

Half of international students surveyed said that the UK government did not make them feel welcome

International students contribute more than £7.9 billion a year to the economy

RICHARD GARNER  EDUCATION EDITOR  Monday 10 February 2014

[Time 2]

      The majority of international students studying in the UK feel unwelcome in the country with a significant number saying they would not recommend to their friends that they come here to attend university, says a survey published on Monday.

      A study of the attitudes of 3,100 international students by the National Union of Students revealed that more than 50 per cent believed the UK Government was either “not welcoming” or “not welcoming at all towards overseas students”.

      Figures show PhD students are most likely to feel unwelcome (65.8 per cent) with those from Japan (64.5 per cent), Nigeria (62.8 per cent) and India (62 per cent) the next most likely to say they have received hostile treatment. Students from India, Pakistan and Nigeria are most likely to advise their friends not to study here.

      Asked what most perturbed them, 40 per cent cited moves to get landlords to check on their legal status - while 74 per cent said introducing an NHS levy would make it either impossible or more difficult to study in the UK.

      Student leaders argue the figures are “extremely worrying” as international students are estimated to contribute over £7.9 billion a year to the UK economy.

      Figures show a drop in recruits last year - from 239,000 to 197,000 - although the latest UCAS statistics indicate they are rising again this year.

      “Many international students feel unwelcome in the UK as a result of the Government’s hostile and overzealous policies,” said Daniel Stevens, the NUS’ international students’ officer. “The immigration bill’s proposals are set to create new barriers to international students at the same time that our global competitors are welcoming them with open arms.”

      A spokesman for the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills said: “International students make a huge contribution - boosting our economy and enhancing our cultural life.

      “That is why there is no cap on the number of legitimate students who can study here.”

[342 words]

Source：The Independent
http://www.independent.co.uk/student/news/where-is-the-love-majority-of-international-students-in-the-uk-do-not-feel-welcome-9120007.html

A student cycles on UBC campus.

In foreign-student gold rush, standards get left behind

BRIAN LEE CROWLEY   Published Friday, Jan. 24 2014, 5:00 AM EST

[Warm Up]

      Between 2000 and 2008, the number of foreign students in postsecondary education worldwide nearly doubled, from 1.8 million to 3.3 million. That number may double again by 2020.

      The international student population in Canada grew by 60 per cent nationwide between 2004 and 2012. We broke the 100,000 level for new arrivals for the first time in 2012. Those students spend more than $8-billion annually in Canada, including tuition fees, rent and living expenses. Ottawa wants to double the number of such students by 2020.

[84 words]


[Time 3]

      International students, who tend to pay high fees, are prized by cash-strapped administrators. They are doubly prized in regions in demographic decline, where a fresh inflow of funded students is manna from heaven.

      According to one Nova Scotia study, if that province wants to have the same number of students in 2031 as it has today, it will have to double international recruitment. Almost a third of its students would then be from overseas.

      This hunger for international students isn’t limited to the demographically challenged. Fast-growing British Columbia has twice as many international students as its share of Canada’s population, and Premier Christy Clark wants to increase that number by half again by 2016.

      Canadian authorities suffer from a peculiar form of gold rush fever that is causing many of them to abandon their critical faculties regarding international students. If something sounds too good to be true, it probably is. And the notion that foreign students will be universities’ saviours almost certainly falls into this category.

      Sure, the benefits are easy to spot. Saskatchewan, to pick one example, realizes almost $200-million in economic benefits each year from international students. But here are just a few of the issues that too often get shunted aside in the rush to foreign-student gold.

      It is actually quite difficult to control the quality of international students. The usual test of English language competence, the TOEFL, is a written test that ignores students’ aural comprehension. Many arrive without even the basic ability to understand what is being said in the classroom. This problem is not limited to Canada. In Australia, it emerged that roughly 30 per cent of foreign students graduating from the country’s universities did not have basic English competency.

      Then there is fraud. In many countries, there is a lively industry in faked credentials and exam cheating, including the TOEFL. This is not surprising; the desirability of a foreign qualification creates a strong incentive to cheat, especially since the chances of being caught are quite slim, and once students are here, universities are under strong pressure to push them through and keep the money flowing.

[360 words]


[Time 4]

      This doesn’t only have implications for the foreign students themselves. It also has huge implications for Canadian students and taxpayers. In abrave article that caused outrage in politically correct circles, two professors who had taught graduate-level university classes in B.C. wrote that, in addition to pressure on them to “adjust their expectations” of foreign students, too much class time was being spent on basic language skills and explaining context that Canadian students already knew. “Qualified students can hardly be blamed if they slouch in their seats and study their shoelaces as the professor iterates, yet again, something they learned in grade school.” These concerns are increasingly being echoed by other teachers.

      Before the predictable outpouring of outraged commentary arrives about how excellent our universities are and how we attract the cream of the crop, know that Ottawa’s own research shows the opposite. In focus-group work done in several source countries for international students, the conclusion was “There is no awareness that Canada has world-class educational establishments; indeed, apart from a few mentions of University of Toronto there is very little awareness of any Canadian educational establishments.” The most prestigious and well-funded institutions are in a position to set high standards and attract top international students. Less illustrious and poorer ones may not find it so easy.

      If the gold rush for foreign students isn’t to result in Canada exploiting them to support our own universities and colleges, while simultaneously lowering standards for domestic students and harming the reputation of our institutions, those now breathlessly promoting foreign student recruitment need to accept that they have a costly obligation to set tougher rules and ensure transparency. Testing needs to be tougher and rigorously monitored. Fraudulent applicants need to be combatted. Faculty need to be reassured that all students will be subjected to the same standards of evaluation, and those standards will not be diluted. This will be expensive and will reduce numbers. But as anyone with a university degree should be able to tell you, you can’t get something for nothing.

[353 words]

Source：The Globe and Mail
http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/economy/economy-lab/in-foreign-student-gold-rush-standards-get-left-behind/article16478016/

Australia the world's most expensive destination for international students

August 13, 2013

Glenda Kwek   Business Reporter

[Time 5]

      Australia is the most expensive country for international students, ahead of the US and UK, but the falling currency and improved visa processes could soon seen a resurgence in numbers, an international report has found.

      The average cost for international students for university fees and living costs in Australia totalled $US38,000 ($41,700) per year, research by HSBC found.

      In the US, costs reached $US35,000 each year while students in the UK shelled out $US30,000.

International students in Australia
The total number of international students enrolled to study in Australia, using year-to-date June figures.

Source: Australian Education International

      The total number of international students enrolled in Australia has declined almost 20 per cent since the peak of 472,214 in 2010, data from federal government agency Australian Education International showed.

      “While Australia has continued to enjoy higher economic growth than other western markets over the past five years, this has also led to a higher Australian dollar which has placed a strain on the price competitiveness of our export sectors, including education,” HSBC's head of retail banking and wealth management in Australia Graham Heunis said.

      The Australian dollar rose above parity against the US dollar in November 2010, and remained mostly above 100 US cents until its recent plunge in mid-April.

      The currency has since shed more than 13 per cent of its value, and is currently trading between the range of 90 US cents to 93 US cents.

      "This research confirms what many other studies have shown and that is that the strong Australian dollar has made it tough for Australian export industries," the chief executive of Universities Australia, Belinda Robinson, said.

      She said while Australia had competitive advantages over other international education hotspots, such as post-study work rights and the ability for students to work while studying, the sector could not be complacent about its strengths as Asian countries were continuing to invest in their own educational institutions.

[316 words]


[Time 6]

      Mr Heunis said with other factors such as Australia’s proximity to Asia - home to more than half of such students worldwide - still a key draw for international students, the weakening dollar could boost enrolments to their previous levels.

      “Having withstood the cost pressure of the high Australian dollar for the past three years,
Australia’s tertiary institutions could see international student numbers swing back with the falling Australian dollar,” he said, adding that streamlined visa processes introduced last year would also be an incentive.

      KJ Low, whose daughter Rani is set to commence architectural studies at the University of Sydney, said that Australia’s proximity to Singapore and Indonesia, where his family is based, as well as the quality of tertiary education on offer, took precedence over the cost of living and school fees.

      “Quality is the first and utmost [reason],” Mr Low said. “Secondly, the distance and the time zone - two hours difference from Singapore and three hours from Jakarta makes it easy to talk to her, and for us to fly out to Sydney in case of an emergency - that’s important.

      “Now with the depreciation of the Australian dollar, the costs become cheaper.”

      The National Australia Bank has revised down its forecasts for the Australian dollar against its US counterpart on Monday, and now expect the currency to fall to 86 US cents by the end of this year and to 80 US cents by the end of 2014.

[258 words]

Source：The Sydney Morning Herald
http://www.smh.com.au/business/the-economy/australia-the-worlds-most-expensive-destination-for-international-students-20130813-2rttq.html

TaoRs92

Part III: Obstacle

[Warm Up]

Open Doors Data

Special Reports: Economic Impact of International Students

      International students contribute $24.7 billion to the U.S. economy, through their expenditures on tuition and living expenses, according to the U.S. Department of Commerce. Higher education is among the United States' top service sector exports, as international students provide revenue to the U.S. economy and individual host states for living expenses, including room and board, books and supplies, transportation, health insurance, support for accompanying family members, and other miscellaneous items.

      
      Open Doors reports that more than 63% of all international students receive the majority of their funds from personal and family sources. When other sources of foreign funding are included, such as assistance from their home country governments or universities, over 70% of all international students' primary funding comes from sources outside of the United States. And the percentage is even higher for undergraduate students – more than 80% of all undergraduate international students receive the majority of their funding from person and family sources.

      More detailed breakdowns of the economic contributions of international students and their dependents to the U.S. economy and to individual host states are prepared by NAFSA, using enrollment figures from the Institute of International Education's Open Doors 2012 report, tuition and living expenses from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) produced by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) of the U.S. Department of Education, and analysis of the data by Jason Baumgartner at Indiana University – Bloomington's Office of International Services.

[238 words]

Source：Institute of International Education
http://www.iie.org/Research-and-Publications/Open-Doors/Data/Economic-Impact-of-International-Students



[Paraphrase 7]

Notes:
mortar boards--学士帽

Migrants with mortar boards

Foreign students love America, but other nations are wooing them

Nov 16th 2013 | WASHINGTON, DC | From the print edition

      FUN, adventure, the aphrodisiac effect of a foreign accent—these are why 4.3m university students study abroad. Oh yes, and the need to prepare oneself for a global career. Worldwide, the number of migrants with mortar boards has more than doubled since 2000. And the number of foreign students at universities in America has risen by 40% over the past decade to a high of 819,644 in the 2012/13 academic year, says a new report from the Institute of International Education (IIE). Over the decade to 2011/12 the number of Americans studying abroad has risen by 76%, to 283,000 (see chart).

      Students from China are the largest foreign contingent on American campuses—more than a quarter of the total and up by more than a fifth in a single year. Students from India and South Korea come next, but their numbers are declining, partly because more are heading to China to study, and partly because America has made it harder for foreigners to get work visas after they graduate. The dip in the number of Indians and Koreans at American universities is smaller, however, than the increase in the number of Brazilians and Saudis. The latter now make up the fourth-largest group of foreign students in America.

      Ben Wildavsky, author of “The Great Brain Race”, says the global education marketplace is becoming more competitive. America is still the favourite destination for foreign students, but its market share fell from 23% in 2000 to 17% in 2011. Colleges in other countries have made themselves more attractive. Many now offer courses in English, regardless of the native tongue. They are also recruiting hard.

      The competition is hardly zero-sum—Mr Wildavsky writes of a “free trade in minds” with the benefits widely shared. Colleges love foreign students because they tend to pay full fees. The IIE estimates that they contributed $24 billion to the American economy in the most recent academic year. The indirect benefits are probably greater: clever minds, wherever they are from, tend to produce clever research.

      America is not trying to poach foreign brainpower, says the State Department. Rather, it wants to send foreign students home with fond memories and useful skills. Employers, by contrast, would like them to stay. But many are kicked out as soon as they graduate. As Barack Obama lamented last month, “It’s not smart to invite some of the brightest minds from around the world to study here and then not let them start businesses here.”

      Foreign students tend to study in fields where America has skills shortages, like engineering, maths and science. Take Jared Ye, who came to America from Shenzhen and studied applied maths and economics at Rice University. He is now pursuing a PhD at Cornell University. “I have no plans to go back to China soon,” he says; on graduation he wants to work in America. About two-thirds of foreigners who earn doctorates remain in the country.

      American students seem to take a more laid-back approach to foreign study than their Asian peers. Just 9% of them study abroad as undergraduates. After increasing for years, the numbers are levelling off. Those who do venture out tend to choose agreeable destinations such as Britain (12.2%), Italy (10.5%), Spain (9.3%) or France (6.1%), rather than strategically important ones such as China (5.3%). India does not even make the top ten, and the Middle East outside Israel is about as popular as spring break in North Dakota.

      Allan Goodman, the president of IIE, thinks more Americans should study abroad. Passports should be as ubiquitous as student IDs, he says. Foreign colleges offer lower fees, lower drinking ages and cross-cultural experience. However, few have the prestige of the Ivy League.

[629 words]

Source：The Economist
http://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21589928-foreign-students-love-america-other-nations-are-wooing-them-migrants-mortar

捉妖

Time 2
International students in uk feel they are not welcome and will not recommend their schools to their friends.
the enrollment of international students dropped a little.
International students contributed a large mount income for uk, but the policies limited their immigration

time3
universities wish to increase the number go international students because of various reasons,such as  demography decline.
greate incentive for students to cheat in toffle and other tests

time4

clairellnnxx

板凳~ thx
speaker:
The lady talks about the globalization of English and the less use of other languages, which could be a great loss to human history and culture.
We better not insist on English, instead, we should mind our own language and use it to spread great ideas.
She hope that ppl do
time2: 2'06''
international students dont feel welcome in the UK thanks to the government's hostile and overzealous.At the same time, they make huge contribution to the economic development in the UK.
time3:2'30''
Colleges are interested in admitting more international students to raise money.
problems in the rush to foreign-student gold: its hard to control the quality of international students; There are  fraud in the exams. University will be under great pressure until know how to find the balance between quality and money flowing.
time4: 2'46''
The situation has implications for both foreign and local students.
A stricter and tougher rule is required to be set to ensure the transparency.All students are supposed to be subjected to the same standard of evaluation.
time5:1''56''
Aus is the most expensive country for international students.But the number of enrolled international students has decline since the peak in 2010, because of  the higher AUS dollar.
Australia still has advantage over other countries. They offer post study work rights and the ability to work while studying to international students.
time6:1'08''
factors that attract foreign students to Australia:
1.nice quality of education
2. the proximity to Asia which is home to more than half of the students aroudn the world.The time zone is similar too.
3.the falling Aus dollar

ob:6'22''
Economic impact of international students on the US.
International students receive the majority of funds from personal and family.
America is the favorite land for international students, and students from china are the largest foreign contingent on American campus.
employers want to keep the good smart foriegn employees, it is not smart kick them out when they have learned great skills here in the US.
Not many american students go abroad to study.

疏离无罪

又是地板。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。

Speaker:Many languages are dying,while english is becoming international.Because most of best universities and education are in english-speaking countries.To those who want to get good education and are not native speaker of english,they must learn english and pass many tests.The education is a great way to get a brighter future.But in many cases,the diversity of language is helpful.Different languages may bring different thoughs.

01:40
Most international students in UK feel unwelcome because of the  government's hostile and oversealous policy.

01:51
International students are growing fast in Canada and Australia.And these international students bring many benefit to local economy.But the quality of international students is a big problem.

01:44
The poor quality of international students also has bad effect on Canadian students and taxpayers.And also many Canada unviersities do not qualified to be a world-class educational establishments.Much tougher standards and requirements should be set to all students regardless of gold rush.

01:51
Australia is the most expensive destination for international students.While the economy of Australia grows well,the value of Australian dollar increase,which lead to problems in export section including education.

01:13
With the depreciation of Australian dollar,the cost to study in Australia will be cheaper.And the number of international student in Australia may increase in the future.

03:59
Most international stuents in US are Chinese.And the Indian and Korean students in US are declining because of the difficulties of getting a work visa,many of Indian and Korean choose to study in China now.
And the number of Brazilians and Saudis are increasing.
International students contributes 24 billion dollars to american economy every year.Many smart and excelletn students study in amrican,but many of them are kick out by the government after graduation.This situation may change in some filed that are american's shortage.
Studying abroad may be a good choice to american citizens because of the low fee,cross-culture experiece and global working opportunties.

ieveline

谢谢楼主

Speaker
A language die in 14 days.
Top world university are using enlgish, who need this kind of education need to know enlgish.
we need more than english.
one with intellegent do not need to past enlgish test.
with different language, you can learn more.
when language dies ,we do not know what we lost with it.
enlgish should not be the barrier to stop people from non-english countries, in whhich people may have different knowledges.
Speed
1--01:52
A study shows that most of internation student in UK feel unwelcome and most likly to advise their friends not to study there.
The most perturbed things are legal status check and NHS levy.
International student boost UK economy and enhance culture life, UK govement should not limit them.
2--02:24
Universities want to keep the same number of students in future need more international students.
There are difficulties of hiring more international students.
One is it is quite difficult to control the quality of international students, since TOEFL igoroes students' aural comprehension, not mentioned some of students cheated in the test.
3--02:12
The inability of international students aslo lower the class level, making teachers to teach basic things, which is not fit for local or compentent students.
If universities want to keep their reputation, they should promote foreign student recruitment, tougher and monitor test.
4--01:53
Austrilia is the mort expensive country for international students.
The number of internaitonal students study in Australia has declined since 2010.
Higher australian dollar is the main reason that limits its export sectors, including education.
Even austrilia has advantages in post-study work rights and work right while study, it still can not beat other Asian countries which were investing more in their educational institutions.
5--01:11
The number of international stduents will rise when austrilian dollor depreciate.
And austrilia is more close to the coutries with half of students worldwide, making it more attractive.
Obstacle--03:45
The number of migrants has rised and so does the number of foreign students at American univeristies.
Chinese students are the largest one, then is Inian and Korean.
American is still the favourite one for foreign students, but its policy of post-study work makes it less attractive now.
International students not only boost economy, but also bring indirect benfits, such as clever minds and clever researches.
Foreign students tendto study in fields where American has shortages.
After graduates, students tend to stay than back to their countries.
American students should study abroad.

MAGGIEHE1993

占~~~~~~~~~  谢谢楼主~~~~~
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Speaker: The speaker said that languages are disappearing every 14 days and English has become a global language. The
         speaker also talked about why English has become a global language nowadays. The reason is that people who are
         not native English speakers want to go to western countries to get better education. But the speaker thinks
         we should celebrate language diversity and good ideas.

time2: 1min 54"
       A large number of students surveyed said that they feel unwelcomed by the UK government, especially students from
       Japan, India and Nigeria. They do not recommend to their friends that they attend university in UK.

time3: 2min 23"
       Canada government loosened the faculties for international students and want to generate more income from international
       students. But there are a lot of problems with the policy. One of the problems mentioned by the writer is that
       some foreign students, even pass the TOEFL Test, their English competency is limited and cannot fully understand what
       the teacher is saying in class.

time4: 2min 26"
       The gold rush for foreign students also have implications for national students. Teachers are complaining that they
       have to repeat something that is already taught in grade school for international students and it's not fair for
       national students. The writer thinks that if we want foreign students to support our universities, the test for
       foreign students should be tougher and rigorously monitored.

time5: 2min 21"
       Australia is the most expensive country for international students due to the increasing value of Australia dollar.

time6: 1min 31"
       Many Asian students choose to go to Australia to get better education for the reason of near distance and the time
       zone. Also with the depreciation of the Australia dollar, the costs become cheaper.

xiaofan0205

赶紧占个首页~~~~

Speaker:
The old woman is a English teacher, she talks about language loss and the globalization of English.
Today, languages are dying at an unprecedented rate, at the same time, English is the undisputed global language, because people want to get best education and governments want to modernize the country and to empower the citizens through education. But different language have different ways of think, when a language dies, we don't know what we lose with it.

Time2: 2'13"
The majority of international students studying in the UK feel unwelcome in the country, most of them believed the UK Government was not welcoming towards overseas students. But in fact, International students make a huge contribution to their economy and enhance their cultural life.

Time3: 2'54"
Time4: 2'45"
International students are prized by cash-strapped administrators because there are many economic benefits each year from international students. But it is quite difficult to control the quality of international students, the usual test of English language competence is a written test that ignores students' aural comprehension and there is a lively industry in fake credentials and exam cheating. If you want to attract top international students, it will be expensive and will reduce numbers.

Time5: 2'05"
Time6: 1'45"
The total number of international students enrolled in Australia has delined almost 20 percent since the peak in 2010, research shows that the strong Australian dollar has made it tough for Australian export industries, including education. But Australia had competetive advantages such as post-study work rights and the ability for students to work while studying. With the depreciation of Australian dollar,the cost to study in Australia will be cheaper. And the number of international student in Australia may increase in the future.

TaoRs92

time:
International students in UK don't feel welcomed by the country.
The survey.International students from some countries.
Reason--the policy,the immigration bills,difficult to find a job there.
International students boost UK's economy.
_________________
time:
The number of international students studying in Canada is rising.
______________
time:
International students play an important role in Canada's demographic decline.
But Canadian authorities suffer from the international rush.
Benefits--important in Canada's economy.
Shortcomings--
the quality of international students--
1 TOEFL not a perfect way to choose sutdents
2 cheat and fraud in TOEFL
________________
time:
3 international students who don't have enough English proficiency will have bad effect on local students--waste their time,professors should spend a lot of time to explain things that local students have already studied in grade school
4 the quality of educational institutions in Canada--people don't have the awareness that Canada have outstanding education quality
Advice--put strict recruitment standards and tougher rules.
________________
time:
Australia becomes the most expensive destination for international students.
The reason--Australian currency keep apreciate.90 cents+ US.
This influences Australia's international education and exports.
But for international students,Australia have some advantages over other countries.So international students,especially those from Asia still invest there to study abroad.
_______________
time:
Also,people think Australian dollars will fall later.The fees studying and living in Australia will become cheaper.
An example--what do parents care most when send their children to Australia to study.Time zone,distance,living costs..
The prediction of Australia dollors in the coming year.
________________
time:
International students is among the top sector export for US.
Most of the sources interntional students use to study in US come from foreign countries.And most of them come from family funds.
_________________
time:
More and more international students go to US to study.
The four largest forign contigent.
Amerca's share in the international education market declines.
International students play very important role in America--boost economy,good for researches.
But America tend to send these international students home after they graduate,while employers don't think so.Obama think America should provide good enviornment for these students to start their own careers.
The idea of international students.
Only a few America students go abroad to study.