【Native Speaker每日综合训练—26系列】【26-09】科技

疏离无罪

啊啊啊啊，这两天都没首页，运气好差，明天考试求转运，求祝福
另感谢PPX，辛苦了
01:33
The stone in Libyan desert is the first direct evidence of a comet exploding in our atmosphere.
Several study and data of this stone.

01:19
More Syrian students abroad are applying the funds.
Introduce the academic environment in the Syria:bad

01:39
The interviewee says that she have to leave Syria because of her lecture and that the government use violence in scientific aspects.So do scholars.

01:36
Many universities and labs are under control of the government.Many professors and students have to leave their country witou any document,making them difficult to study abroad.The interviewee is calling for help and want to rebuilt the education system after the regime falls.

01:37
A fossil of a female mosquito with traces of blood is found recently.This fossil shows that blood-feeding have began since 46 millions years ago.The fossil also provides some molecules in the ancient times,helping scientists to study.

07:27
The main idea of the argument is that exercises will alos increase our brain health.
Old researches onlu focused on how FNDC5 benefits the body and the mechainsm of  how exercises benfits the body.
A new study reveals that FNDC5 can alo benifit out brain.Exercises can increase the BDNFs in our brains,which are good to our brain health.But researchers do not know the mechanism in this process.
To find out the mechainsm,an experiment on mice was made.The result shows that the increase of FNDC5 in body can turn BDNF genes in brain to produce more other BDNF proteins.
Researchers want to know how exercises make the brain to produce BDNF,in other words,how can FNDC5 in body can affect brains.To answer this question,another experiment was made.As the result,the possible explaination is that the irisin which realse by the body during exercises could be capable of passing the blood-brain barrier, or that it regulates some other (unknown) molecule that crosses into the brain.
But stil some questions such as how much benfits come from irisin that was made in body and then transfers to the brain or come from the irisin that was made in the brain remain unknown.More study is needed to be made .

Obstacle 好感兴趣，细看了一下，果然生命在于运动！

m1a2i3l

Part I Speaker
Main Idea:
Scientist found that after seeing photos of food, people will feel the food less tasty. An experiment is followed by this hypothesis.
===============
Part II Speed

Time2: 0:03:07.09
Main Idea: something about the first comet to hit the Earth and some observation

Time3: 0:01:50.93
Main Idea: A scientist from Syria said that more scientist fled Syria because of the breakout of the war. In Syria, there is no free speech & students are uprising (but the professor does not join)

Time4: 0:02:01.77
Main Idea: Lots of scholars are in danger because of their free speech & lecture (including, The Scientist A & her collegue). Scientist A leaves Syria because she thought she was in danger and the regime of the country would soon collapse. Scholars are targeted for various reasons & Not only government force target the scholars (rebel also targets, minority)

Time5: 0:02:12.14
Main Idea: Labs are broken & Lots of students do not have the access to further study.  

Time6: 0:02:44.61
Main Idea: A female mosquito (with blood) was found for the first time. It contains several blood cells. This finding provide support for the claims of a scientist.
===============
Part III Obstacle
Time8: 0:06:49.47
Main Idea: the molecular links between the workkout and a healthy brain have been found. FNDC5 may become a potential treatment for brain aging disease.

晓野的野

DDDDDDDDDDDD
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掌管 5 00:02:37.86 00:09:23.51
掌管 4 00:01:55.62 00:06:45.65
掌管 3 00:01:40.72 00:04:50.02
掌管 2 00:01:26.53 00:03:09.29
掌管 1 00:01:42.76 00:01:42.76

obstcle: 5:39
本来今天想偷懒不看越障的（事实上看了速度就常常没看越障了......）
然后看到我楼上的楼上今天喜上700，然后做的也好认真
重在平时啊重在积累......
恩，厚积薄发
所以过来补越障了......

AceJ

出了趟差就落了两期，要补作业啦~~~

The first-known comet to strike Earth
Time2: 1'47" Hypatia is almost the first known comet to strike Earth, and landed in the Libyan Desert Glass. Scientists found origin of these stones and assumed that strike by Hypatia made today's Libyan Desert Glass

【利比亚沙漠玻璃】
1932年在利比亚沙漠发现的一种主要由二氧化硅(含量可达98％)组成的微绿黄色玻璃。成因尚不明。因含有无数不规则形状的水泡而呈半透明状。玻璃光泽。折射率1．46±。色散0．01。相对密度约2．21。硬度6。有少量这种材料被切磨抛光后用于收藏

We must preserve Syria's scientific assets
Time3: 1'44" Time4: 1'57" Time5: 2'25"
An excellent neuropharmacologist, Amal was interviewed by IEE; because of dictatorship, no culture of free-speech exists in Syria now.
And she answered many questions that how civil war affects scientific research and educational system in Syria.

【叙利亚危机】
指从2011年年初持续至今的叙利亚政府与叙利亚反对派之间的冲突。2011年3月，15名少年在学校墙壁上画反政府的涂鸦，由此被抓，此举引发了学生家长的示威游行，他们要求除了释放学生外，还要求政府扩大民主、惩治腐败。当地政府对此事件非常敏感，逮捕了一些反政府人士。骚乱愈演愈烈，民众的反政府示威游行也不断扩大。随后反政府示威活动演变成了武装冲突
叙利亚危机是阿拉伯世界仅次于利比亚内战的最暴力的动乱，目前已造成2200人死亡

Blood-filled mosquito is a fossil first
Time6: 3'00 The meaning of blood-filled mosquito fossil is that although DNA was long degraded, other molecules may be alive
（哎，可惜DNA已经退化了，要是能像侏罗纪公园里那样把史前生物复活多好~）

How Exercises Beef Up the Brain
Time7: 7'17"
A research team finally found the link between exercise and health of brain -- a protein named FNDC5, released into blood stream to against diabetes and obesity
FNDC5 produces BDNF, which is essential for maintaining health brain neuron and producing new one. And the mechanism is irisin, which can send some kind of molecule signal to the brain and makes brain know it is exercising
Although a fundamental question how much of irisin is needed is still not be answered, scientists are trying a treatment of brain health by injecting FNDC5

Dorismiemie

10.15 homework
Speaker:
Rephrase1:a research about people's ideas of which food's pictuer make it less enjoyable to eat

Speed:
Article 2 [00:02:08.62]:A stome which found in Egypt shows that there was a comet crossing the atomosphere many years ago

Article 3
Time3 [11:01:38.87] Some elder professors talked criticly about the disadvantages that civil war brought to the native people

Time 4 [00:02:08.23] the scholar talks about her position in the problem and she is not satisficted that scholars cannot speak out the disadvanteges of the police,if do not do like this ,they will be targeted

Time 5[00:01:57.21] The war exerted a far-reaching impact on Syrian research that many scholars and students had to flee out and many researches stopped due to the labs were broken.And the speaker argues the international communities to help scolars and students from Syria so that can protect precious minds.

Article 4
Time 6  A fossil of a female mosquito shows that there is blood-feeding mosquito in acient time

Obstacle[00:05:40.37]
paraphase7 Article 5
molecule->healthy brain
exercise-(link)->FNDC5 and BDNF
want to know the how irisin affect on healthy brain
suppose to make use of irisin to solve some diseas and to improve aged brain

简直觉得不会概括，我觉得第一遍读完过后脑袋里面都是些细节，不知道该怎么抓主干，请大N们指点下，谢谢

pennyz

speaking:sensory bordsome
if you look at the picture of certain food ,you may feel less satisfied latter when you are having the similar food

2:32s
the glass made by the impact of the comet remainder which was thought the first evidence of the comet go through the atmosphere
1；38s
the scientists in syrian overcom difficulty because of the war
1；44s
the scientist are tortured or endangered from the goverment because of their political opinions and lots of them fled from the country
1:54s
the status quo of the sybrian academic faculty and how the refunded eduacation system function for the rebuilted country
3:00
5:46s
a new finding about the excise can contribute to the health of the brain
a study on the mice
(running group and sedentary group)
more BDNF---->irish from the level(similar way)
how the BDNF is connected with the nuroen
the specific process is  still unknown

Talitha

2:1'53:264 The earliest comet struck earth 29 million years ago.
3:1'26:232 About ten times more applicants applied SRF. The reasons are explained through an interview.

4:2'03:292 The interview continues. Interviewee said she was arrested by pretesting in Syria. She applied the scholarship in order to leave home country as she felt her life was on danger. She said many professors were arrested after they spoke out. Some medical professors were arrested for saving the lives of victims in the attack. There is no freedom of speech in Syria.

5:2:15:337 Universities were controlled by the government. Many departments in the university were no functional. Many labs were destroyed. Many students left countries with no documents. So they were not able to study abroad. The tuition fees were very high for students caused them not able to pay. If every university in the US can help to save one scholars or students in the Syria, many of them will be saved. If no help is offer, Syria will lose a generation. The country will not be able to built without intellectual talent.

6:2'02:331 researchers have identified a fossil of a female mosquito with traces of blood in its engorged abdomen. The insect was not found in amber.

7:5'06:  Scientist found a molecular link between a workout and a healthy brain.

Allaven

啊！来晚了，今天又是满课，，，

Alined

Pephrase

the pic. about food seem could make that the food be captured forever. While people who look a lot of pic.s of food would act as if the food is less enjoyable to eat.
E.X. viewing salty food photo makes the salty peanuts seem less tasty, even though people didn't see the photo about the peanuts.

Speed

Time2: 1:26.0
A stone is the evidence for the first comet that struck Earth.
The stone contains bits of glass. The glasses are used to be track the origin of the stone.
(1)noble gas - support extraterrestrial
(2)chondrites - support comets
(3)carbon-rich - support comets
Conclusion: cometlike object hit the earth, thus the Libyan Desert Glass formed.

Time3: 1:26.5
The scientists move out from Syria as a result of war. IEE hold an conference about this topic and several Syrian scholars come and talked about it. They mostly agree that the war and the government bring bad effects on the Syrian acdemic and science.

Time4: 1:34.0
The Syrian government and regime don't allowed scholars speak out and show their point of views. Scholars are largely targeted against because of their political opinions.

Time5: 1:26.2
The research of the speaker used to be halt by behaviors of the regime. The students may face the situation that they couldn't get educated. The speaker urge the public to help the scholars and the students in Syria, in which way the country could get information and knowledge, and thus could develop.

Time6: 1:45.4
A picture of a fossilized mosquito is found but the truth of the fossil is under debate. The research shows that it, in fact, is possible.

Obstacle: 3:21.0
-research team found a link
-phenomenon & the idea: our muscle cells produce FNDC5, which gets into bloodstream and thought to protect against disease.
-discover: FNDC5 is not found.
-suspect: FNDC5 plays a role in benefiting the brain.
-experiments: running mice and couch patatoes-- the running ones got more FNDC5 in an area responsible for learning
-unexpected result
-an test about BDNF and exciting result
-significance
-conclusion. drawbacks exist though.

重新开始小分队...居然出了新part，感觉像托福口语……obstacle渣啊...time也得回读...但有开始就是好的【自我洗脑】

AceJ

Dorismiemie 发表于 2013-10-15 23:10
10.15 homework
Speaker:
Rephrase1:a research about people's ideas of which food's pictuer make it le ...

Hi，Doris，先声明非大牛哈，只是我以前也碰到你的问题，抓不住主干，所以跟你探讨一下

先理论一下
要看懂一整篇文章，不论什么题材，首要就是要看得懂这种文字，但这点并不难做到，只要累计到一定的词汇量，短语，句型即可（坚持小分队就好~哈哈）
其次我认为是非常难做到的，就是在看懂“文字”的前提下，理解其背后的逻辑，就是作者为什么要写这句话
举一个Time6里的小例子 Although scientists have found fossils of suspected blood-sucking insects, the creatures' feeding habits have mostly been inferred from their anatomy or the presence of blood-borne parasites in their guts. 这句话我一开始没有看懂，很奇怪，没有不熟悉的单词，后来我知道了原因，就是前半句的 blood-sucking 和后半句的 feeding habits 是一个呼应，意思是尽管发现了吸血，但这种饮食方式只是通过解刨或者血源性寄生虫的存在而证明的（言下之意就是这种“发现”证据不够充分）

OK，接下来实际分析一下越障这篇文章怎么理清文章的主干
第一步，了解该题材的惯用写作手法。除了熟能生巧，别无他法。像本文这种“科学新发现”型的文章，很典型的写作思路就是：a, 被一个问题困扰；b, 发现一个可能的solution；c, 拿老鼠做实验（几乎99%都是老鼠）d, 实验有了突破性进展，但仍有问题未解决；e，最终目的其实都是为了治疗人类

第二步，看懂文章（废话哈~~不过这个时候你的状态可能是每个“点”我都懂，但脑海里没有“面”）

第三步，记住文章中的 “框架型句子”，也就是文章的 “骨架”
以越障文为例，我认为的骨架型句子有
A：But scientists have struggled to account for the well-known mental benefits of exercise（被问题困扰）
B：Spiegelman and his colleagues suspected that FNDC5 (and the irisin created from it) was responsible for exercise-induced benefits to the brain—in particular, increased levels of a crucial protein called brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is essential for maintaining healthy neurons and creating new ones.（提出一个解决方案）
C：To sort out that mechanism, Spiegelman and his colleagues performed a series of experiments in living mice （可怜的老鼠登场）
D：This suggests that irisin could be capable of passing the blood-brain barrier, or that it regulates some other (unknown) molecule that crosses into the brain （有了突破性进展）
E：says the work doesn’t answer a fundamental question: How much of ... （但仍有问题未解决）
F：hope to develop an injectable form of FNDC5 as a potential treatment... （最终目的都是治疗人类）

希望对你有帮助啦~~