马上就要考试了,求牛牛帮看看这个语法问题

明七prince

我知道强调句里it和后面的it可以不一样,那要是形式主语的it呢?和后面的it冲不冲突啊?我记得是这时的it可以指代不同的, 可我又不确定记得准不准...麻烦牛牛确认一下啊,马上就要考试了
还有一个问题while放句中到底可不可以当"然而"讲,还是只可以作"当...的时候"讲?
万分感谢啊!!!

明七prince

不要沉了啊...快来牛牛帮我看看啊...

nancy221

while是可以当做 然而讲的，有个对比的含义在，但是不一定要非常平行像比较题一样。最好平行
前面那个，都没有题目啊怎么说呢

zxy472820585

我也有这个疑惑，prep中有道题说形式主语it因为有了指代，所以后面再出现it指代其他部分就都是错的。可是我在不止在一道题里发现这个规律并不适合，感觉形式主语也不会影响到后面的指代吧。。。

hcs1021

形式主语it和后面有指代的it是不冲突的，lz的记忆是正确的~~

明七prince

nancy221 发表于 2013-9-12 17:40
while是可以当做 然而讲的，有个对比的含义在，但是不一定要非常平行像比较题一样。最好平行
前面那个，都 ...

Hans Christian Andersen wrote fairy tales, which have been some of the most frequently translated
works in literary history, while he wrote plays, novels, poems, and travel books, as well as several
autobiographies, which remainedalmost unknown outside his native Denmark.
(A) Hans Christian Andersen wrote fairy tales,which have been some of the most frequently
translated works in literary history, while he wrote plays, novels, poems, and travel books, as well
as several autobiographies, which remained
(B) Hans Christian Andersen wrote fairy tales, which, while among the most frequently translated
works in literary history, his plays, novels,poems, and travel books, as well as several
autobiographies remain
(C) Even as Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tales have been among the most frequently translated
works in literary history, still his plays, novels, poems, and travel books, as well as several
autobiographies, remain
(D) Unlike the fairy tales written by Hans Christian Andersen, which are someof the most frequently
translated works in literary history, he wrote plays, novels, poems, and travel books, as well as
several autobiographies, which remained
(E) Although Hans Christian Andersen wrote fairy tales that are among the most frequently
translated works in literary history, his plays, novels, poems, and travel books, as well as several
autobiographies, remain
句子结构：Although…, his plays, novels, poems, and travel books, …, remain almost unknown…
主语是plays, novels, poems, and travel books，系动词是remain，表语是unknown。that引导定语从
句修饰名词fairy tales（状语从句的宾语）。
考点：逻辑表达、比较、简洁有效
逻辑表达-修饰（定语从句），限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别（详见补充说明）
逻辑表达-合理的句子意思，注意分析原句所要表达的意思，选择适当的连词引导状语从句表达从句
与主句之间准确的逻辑关系，本题中注意区分although, even as, while的区别。
比较，unlike比较结构的对象要对等。
简洁有效，在表达“是最…之一”时用among the most…。
(A) which引导非限定性定语从句，在本句中不恰当，应该用that引导非限定性定语从句来修饰fairy
tales；while在句中表达的是“在…期间，当…时候”的意思，不符合逻辑。


Whereas the use of synthetic fertilizers has greatly expanded agricultural productivity in many parts
of the world, an increase in their use can create seriousenvironmental problems such as water
pollution, and their substitution for more traditional fertilizersmay accelerate soil structure
deterioration and soil erosion.
(A) an increase in their use can create serious environmental problemssuch as water pollution, and
their substitution for more traditional fertilizers
(B) an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems like water pollution, and if
substituted for more traditional fertilizers, it
(C) if these fertilizers are used increasingly, they can create serious environmental problems such
as water pollution, and if used as substitutions for more traditional fertilizers, they
(D) the increased usage of these fertilizers can create serious environmental problems such as
water pollution, while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution
(E) the increased usage of these fertilizers can create serious environmental problems like water
pollution, while their substitution for more traditional fertilizers
句子结构：Wherease…, an increase in their use can create…, and their substitution may…
考点：习惯用语、指代一致、逻辑表达
习惯用语-such as，表示举例时用such as，而不是用like。
指代一致，句中出现it 或they 时要注意其的代对象是否明确单一，并且符合逻辑意思及原句要表达
的意思。
逻辑表达，不同的连词通常表达不同的含义，原句所使用的连词如果没有逻辑意思上的错误，尽量保
留，以维持原句意思不变。
(A) 正确，such as用以举例；and连接并列的句子。
(B) 用like举例错误，应该用such as；it指代对象不清楚。
(C) 第一个they指代fertilizers作creat serious environmental problems的主语不符合逻辑及原句要表
达的意思，应该是fertilizers的增长引起环境问题，而不是fertilizers本身；第二个they指代对象不清楚。
(D) if substituted…, this substitution…的表达方式啰嗦不简洁；while表达了转折的含义，而原句中由
and连接并列的句子，并没有此含义。
(E) 用like举例错误，应该用such as；while表达了转折的含义，而原句中由and连接并列的句子，并
没有此含义。


就这两个题纠结,这两个解释是不是矛盾啊?

明七prince

hcs1021 发表于 2013-9-12 18:09
形式主语it和后面有指代的it是不冲突的，lz的记忆是正确的~~

"强调结构，即“it+be动词+强调部分+who(m)或that+其他部分”。
强调结构中的it 不作句子结构中的任何成分，无所指代，故认为不与后面有所指的it 冲突。
但形式主语（也叫先行主语）不一样，形式主语it 指代了句子的真正主语（真正的主语在句子后部），
因为有所指，所以句子中如果再出现其它有所指的it，就冲突了。"

牛牛帮看看这个是语法笔记上的解释,和我记得不一样,纠结死了

nancy221

我又查了下，while是可以表示对比的，只不过要同时发生。看这个帖子：
http://forum.chasedream.com/thread-353398-1-1.html?userid=323284
这题里，while用的就不对了。

但是这题呢，我是这么想的，还有更重要的错误。
A里面，是用which引导非限定性从句，which是靠近修饰，所以变成了第二个which只修饰several  autobiographies了，而不是前面的一串。这个意思就不对了。不如E的限定性修饰用的好。这个是语法点的错误。
再仔细感觉语义的话，A里面非限定性从句，只是修饰一部分 fairy tales，E that引导的限定性从句感觉更好。我说不清楚，不过有这种感觉。。
这题我刚开始也选错了，觉得A平行，E不平行，但是想想which修饰的用法，A其实错了。

nancy221

it的那个问题，我不知道这点。。做题也没怎么遇到强调句，没有印象。。我不是牛牛，求大牛指导~

baby070501

不冲突的，形式主语的it是placeholder 占位符而已。