2道逻辑真题请教，support类型

thinkpad

1. Despite the approach of winter, oil price to industrial cutomers are exceptionally low this year and likely to remain so. Therefore, unless the winter is especialy severe, the price of natural gas to industrial customers is also likely to remain low.

Which of the following, if true, provides the most support for the conclusion above?

a) Long-term weather forecasts predict a mild winter.
b) The industrial users who consume most natural gas can quickly and cheaply switch to using oil instead.
c) The largest sources of supply for both oil and natural gas are in subtropical regions unlikely to be affected by winter weather.
d) The fuel requirements of industrial users of natural gas are not seriously affected by the weather.
e) Oil distribution is more likely to be affected by severe winter weather than is the distribution of natural gas.

问题：这道题我选了e, 和新东方给的答案不同。请大家指正我的错误。为了不干扰大家的思路，我先不说新东方的答案。


2. Caterpillars of all species produce an identical hormone called 'juvenile hormone' that maintains feeding behavior. Only when a caterpillar has grown to the right size for pupation to take place does a special enzyme halt the production of juvenile hormone. This enzyme can be synthesized and will on being ingested by immatune caterpillars, kill them by stopping them from feeding.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the view that it would not be advisable to try to eradicate agricultral pests that go through a caterpillar state by spraying croplands with the enzyme mentioned above?

a) Most species of caterpillar are subject to some natural predation.
b) Many agricultural pests do not go through a caterpillar state.
c) Many agriculturally beneficial insects go through a caterpillar state.
d) Since caterpillars of different species emerge at different times, several sprayings would be necessary.
e) Although the enzyme has been synthesized in the laboratory, no large-scale production facilites exist as yet.

我想选e，同样和新东方答案不同，请大家说说我这道题又是哪里想的不对？

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-7-17 14:45:23编辑过]

siebel

trytry...
1 这题的关键，在于原文的理解。原文说了些什么？在我看来，原文唯一说了的，就是：入冬，油和气都维持平盘. 其他的事情都不知道。I choose B.

linlin315

以下是引用thinkpad在2003-7-17 14:42:00的发言：
为了不干扰大家的思路，我先不说新东方的答案。

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-7-17 14:45:23编辑过]

linlin315

以下是引用thinkpad在2003-7-17 14:42:00的发言：
1. Despite the approach of winter, oil price to industrial cutomers are exceptionally low this year and likely to remain so. Therefore, unless the winter is especialy severe, the price of natural gas to industrial customers is also likely to remain low.

Which of the following, if true, provides the most support for the conclusion above?

a) Long-term weather forecasts predict a mild winter.
b) The industrial users who consume most natural gas can quickly and cheaply switch to using oil instead.
c) The largest sources of supply for both oil and natural gas are in subtropical regions unlikely to be affected by winter weather.
d) The fuel requirements of industrial users of natural gas are not seriously affected by the weather.
e) Oil distribution is more likely to be affected by severe winter weather than is the distribution of natural gas.

问题：这道题我选了e, 和新东方给的答案不同。请大家指正我的错误。为了不干扰大家的思路，我先不说新东方的答案。

这道题我选B
前提是oil的price将会保持很低----->结论gas的price也会保持很低。前提和结论间存在一个缺口就是oil和gas可以相互替代。如果不能相互替代的话gas的price是不可能受到oil价格的影响的。所以选B
我认为E是个无关比较

pony

第一题选B。
原文叙述了一个前提A：“冬天来临时，油价下降。”
                在此基础上，推出结论B：”如果冬天不会太冷（注意，只正常冬天情况下），天然气也会价格也会下降。“
                 支持题是支持结论的，这里就要考虑将前提和结论连贯和严密（事实上，就是将A和B连接起来）
                 B选项表明了油和天然气是可以替代的，自然就会导致天然气价格下降。（这就是有了选择的好处）
                 E选项”油的销售受到天气影响比天然气大“只是无关的比较。
第二题选C
      因为在杀死害虫的同时也会危害到益虫。其实这题本质上是削弱题。削弱题有一类是在将一种方法的好处，削弱的方向就是这种方法在带来好处的同时也会带来不利。这个题目很象该类型的。
     E选项是很象正确的，但是，该选项是不能选的。因为虽然合成酶的方法不能在实际中运用，这是在事实上无效（属于事实判断），但是，从价值上看，该方法理论上是成立的，而且，该题目的结论是一个价值判断。

tocean0222

1、The key words here are "excessively"  and "especially" from which we can deduce that oil is cheaper this year than in previous years, so is natural gas.That can be an additional support to B.
   
2、C,the best answer, supplies a negative effect caused by application of this enzyme to eradicate some agricultral pests.Choice E is of little or no relevance to an objection of spraying croplands.

thinkpad

谢谢大家，大家的说法都一致，而且和新东方的是一样的。看来各位考友的逻辑是很清晰的。听了以后，我认为大家说的是有道理的。我也来说说我的思路，请大家来critique，这样可以加深我的印象，以后就不会犯这个错了：

第一题：原文讲了oil价格将会保持低价，结论：天然气也会保持低价。我选e选项，oil销售比天然气更受气候影响，而题干又说oil保持低价，既然易受天气影响的oil保持低价，那不易受影响的天然气理所应当更会保持低价的。我没选b的理由是：题目中并没提天然气公司会因为人们转而使用oil而会降价。但是linlin说的有道理，oil和天然气相互替代是个缺口，但是，我理解为文中没有的信息不要多推理。因此，该如何把握缺口和多余推理？

第二题：文中讲了有幼虫阶段的虫子会因为某种酶而改变发育常规，从而致死，因而要求找出不可行的或不合适的喷洒农药的原因。我觉得选项e说明了农药在市场上可能买不到，因而也是种“not advisable”的理由。c中提到了益虫也会随之而死，我当时排除它的原因是：文中并没有提到保护益虫的观点，仅仅说目的是为了杀死害虫。c在我心中反而是无关选项，只要能消灭害虫，益虫生死与题目是不相干的。advisable这个词对我在这题里影响很大，到底该如何理解它？是“不可取的“，“不赞成的”，还是“不应该的”等等？

请大家指正。谢谢。

mindfree

In support and weaken problems, new information is always provided from the choices. Your judgement should focus on if the new information is relevant or "out of scope". You cannot discard information simply because it is new.

2. Conclusion, conclusion...E is out of scope based on the conclusion and the question. It is not about if it is practical to use the enzyme, but if it is advisable (good) to do so.

thinkpad

多谢大家，我感觉思维清楚了很多。