OG13-43题求答疑

zhuangzhilingy

Laos has a land area about the same as Great Britain but only four million in population, where many are members of hill tribes ensconced in the virtually inaccessible mountain valleys of the north.

(A) about the same as Great Britain but only four million in population, where many

(B) of about the same size as Great Britain is, but in Laos there is a population of only four million, and many

(C) that is about the same size as Great Britain's land area, but in Laos with a population of only four million people, many of them

(D) comparable to the size of Great Britain, but only four million in population, and many

(E) comparable to that of Great Britain but a population of only four million people, many of whom

这个题我想首先判断but的词性，如果根据意思判断but词性是连词的话，那么C和D就不对，因为C中but后面的部分仔细看是没有句子的，many of them只是个从句，不能算作真正意义上的句子。A项E项but后虽然无句子，但是but前无逗号，这时but可以当做一个带有转折意思的and。 而且C项的them是代词，不能引导句子，E项的whom是关系代词所以能引导句子。
不知我的理解是否正确。

铁板神猴

为什么要集中看but？ 这句里面but不是重点 我感觉zhuang你的思路有些偏，建议先仔细体会OG的official explanation中的要点。

这题的排除点主要是
1. land area与Great Britain(a nation)不能对比 ---Comparison
2. population, where many be从句错误。---Pronoun & Clause
3. has a land area but four million 不平行 ---Parallelism

我最后点评一下but，但是下次不要纠结于某个词的词性这种小问题上了。句子上来，首先要结合语义去想。然后才是phrase structure，最后才是individual words。

but这里都是连词conjunction，只不过有些选项用了省略，有些没有。
Laos has a land area comparable to that of Great Britain BUT a population of only four million people, many of whom ...
= Laos has a land area BUT (Laos has) a population.

zxppx

铁板神猴 发表于 2013-6-14 19:48
为什么要集中看but？ 这句里面but不是重点 我感觉zhuang你的思路有些偏，建议先仔细体会OG的official expla ...

请问猴哥，but作为介词的时候，其用法是怎么样的？是表示“除了”的意思吗？

铁板神猴

zxppx 发表于 2013-6-14 20:10
请问猴哥，but作为介词的时候，其用法是怎么样的？是表示“除了”的意思吗？ ...

but, as a preposition, means "apart from" or "except".

e.g. There's no one but me. = There's no one except me.

zhuangzhilingy

神猴说的对，做SC先从大处着眼。A是比较对象和代词指代问题。B是比较错误，there is wordy，还有and many用法错，使句子重心变化。C是表达繁琐。D是and many错误。E正确。
这题我知道其他考点的，but这里只是我的一个疑问。多谢。
我按意思判断but在这里是连词。你说E是but后省略了主语，那么其他是不是也都是按省略了主语看，如果是的话，我感觉就太混乱了。感觉刚学的时候这规则那规则， 到后来每个规则都有个“潜规则”，就感觉没规则了。是不是就像武侠小说中的，刚开始学了这招式那招式，到最后学到最高境界了，就到了那种无招胜有招的境界了。
还有C项的them不能引导从句对吗，我在有道的权威例句里搜了下many of them，后面没有跟着句子的。many of whom后面可以跟句子的。

铁板神猴

zhuangzhilingy 发表于 2013-6-14 21:18
神猴说的对，做SC先从大处着眼。A是比较对象和代词指代问题。B是比较错误，there is wordy，还有and many用 ...

..., and many of them Verb ......
..., many of whom Verb .....

然后的确可以理解为无招胜有招…… 咳咳 其实你没学一个结构一定要联系句意，我不赞成去记住每个“规则”，人脑又不是电脑，考试的时候怎么能反应的过来这么多规则呢？

永远学习正确句子是如何用“正确的结构”表达“正确的含义”的。懂了英文本身，就能做SC了。

zxppx

谢谢指点！

coconutmi

铁板神猴 发表于 2013-6-14 21:24
..., and many of them Verb ......
..., many of whom Verb .....

猴哥~~~劳烦请教个问题~

错误选项C -“but in Laos with a population of only four million people, many of them xxxx” -的OG解释有一句说them指代不清。

我觉得很清楚啊， but 从句以及前面的主句里只有people是复数，不能指代别的了吧？
另外manhattan里P240有关于subgroup modifiers的表达法：
This model explains all known subatonic particles, some of them only recently discovered.
我理解此处some of them这个'类同位语'已经类似于固定表达法修饰前面挨着的先行词，不知这样理解错在哪里？

铁板神猴

coconutmi 发表于 2013-9-10 22:05
猴哥~~~劳烦请教个问题~

错误选项C -“but in Laos with a population of only four million people, man ...

Laos has a land area about the same as Great Britain but only four million in population, where many are members of hill tribes ensconced in the virtually inaccessible mountain valleys of the north.
(A) about the same as Great Britain but only four million in population, where many
(B) of about the same size as Great Britain is, but in Laos there is a population of only four million, and many
(C) that is about the same size as Great Britain's land area, but in Laos with a population of only four million people, many of them
(D) comparable to the size of Great Britain, but only four million in population, and many
(E) comparable to that of Great Britain but a population of only four million people, many of whom

如果是C的话，句子主体变成：
Laos has a land area that is ... size, but in Laos with a population, MANY of them are members of hill tribes.

"MANY of them" is actually the subject of the latter clause, which could also be transformed as "..., but MANY of them are members of hill tribes in Laos with a population of XXX people."

actually as you say, the former clause has no plural noun, so "them" refers to NOTHING! refer to some plural noun in the above context.

("in laos" is an adverbial modifier to the verb "are". let alone a noun modifier "of XXX people" IN the adverbial modifier "in laos ..." to a SUBJECT+VERB itself...)


NOW, this manhattan example:
This model explains all known subatonic particles, some of them only recently discovered.

Yes, i think this is correct.  the phrase "some of them + adj." is an appositive to particles.
But here "some of them" is just an appositive, while "some of them" in C is a subject of the latter clause.

In general, if you want to introduce another clause, we should use
1) ..., and many of them Verb ......,
or 2) ..., many of whom Verb ....


BTW, C has many other faults much more obvious than Reference/Pronoun Issue.
For instance, Meaning issue (it changes the original meaning), Redundant, missing "of"(not "the land area is a size"), etc.

hope it helps. : )

coconutmi

铁板神猴 发表于 2013-9-11 01:05
Laos has a land area about the same as Great Britain but only four million in population, where ma ...

猴哥好辛苦哦,这么晚来回答问题~~~

你前面关于many of them v和many of which v的用法区别确实很赞，我也是查了半天觉得你的解释最到位~

不过猴哥其实我关注的不光C这个选项的排除点，而是为什么说them指代模糊，所以弱弱的追问一句，如果加上连词比如and，只关注them指代问题的话:
Laos has a land area that is about the same size as Great Britain's land area, but in Laos with a population of only four million people, (and) many of them are members of hill tribes ensconced in the virtually inaccessible mountain valleys of the north.

我咋觉得这个them指代的就是复数people阿， 和正确选项中(many of )whom指代的性质没有本质区别呢？

谢谢啦~~~