-------------

1369179610

本帖是prep1 sc 部分（目前是OG13 sc部分） 发帖格式：        单词 词组 句型  /主干翻译/   正确句子 （每天20句）

从第11楼开始，OG13语法题 50题/日
发帖格式：
考点
错误句子
正确句子

1369179610

1.  为满足迅速增长的鱼类和海产品市场需求，供应商让鱼以正常速度的两倍生长，缩减它们将近一半的喂养费用（份额）并用特殊的日常饮食来养殖它们。


2. 由鱼类和野生动物服务机构与1966年组织起来的种鸟调查所利用每年沿着建成公路路边的计数情况来监控多于250种禽类的种群变化，包括180种鸣禽。
种鸟
调查所
路边的
计数
监控


3. 35年内在巴西圣保罗之外释放非洲后，它们的后代，通常被称作杀人蜂，已经向北迁移至南德克萨斯。
释放
蜜蜂
圣保罗（巴西）
通常，大众化地
杀人蜂
迁移
德克萨斯（美国州名）


4.为利用尼亚加拉大瀑布发电的前景而兴奋，Nikola Tesla，交流电的发明者，在19世纪90年代中期预言在尼亚加拉产生的电某天可给英国的有轨电车和巴黎的街灯供能。
前景
利用（自然景象）
尼亚加拉大瀑布
发电
交流电
有轨电车
街灯
5. 这个航空公司，坚持最近的它可能开始减少服务的警告，声称它正在取消到往九个城市的喷气式飞机服务，关闭一些不必要的经营，并搁置了22架飞机。


航空公司
保持，坚持
淘汰
喷气式飞机
不需要的
操作，经营
搁浅


6. 这个呈现使用右手（爪，蹄，脚）或左手的偏好的动物清单已经被扩大，用来囊括这种更低级的脊椎动物。


清单
呈现
对...的偏好
即，也就是
爪
扩大
脊椎动物




7.获得一个可投资级别的评级将保持这个郡县将来的低借款成本，保护它的已经破烂不堪的声誉，并提高它购买保证保险的能力。
投资级的（可投资级别）


评价，评级
example
证券评级




县，郡
将来的
破烂的，一败涂地的
形象，声誉
保证保险（债券保险）


8. 波斯的阿契美尼德帝国在公元前5世纪到达了印度斯山谷，随之而来的事亚拉姆语的脚本，这个脚本源自北部和南部两个印度字母系统。
阿契美尼德的
帝国
波斯
印度斯
山谷
公元前
亚拉姆语的
源自，来自
字母表，字幕系统


9. 古雅典记录暗示，每年年轻的雅典妇女协作编织一个新的用于打扮一个女神雅典娜的雕像的羊毛礼袍，并且这个礼袍描绘了宙斯，雅典娜的父亲，与巨人之间的一个战争场景。
雅典
雅典人，雅典的
合作
编织
羊毛的礼服，长袍
女神
雅典娜
宙斯
巨人




10.古代的捕猎采集者发展了指责自私和鼓励自愿合作的本能，不论在团体内部或是与外来者在一起均如此。
指责，侮辱
外人

1369179610

65.Developed by Pennsylvania's Palatine Germans about 1750, Conestoga wagons had high wheels capable of crossing rutted roads, muddy flats, and the nonroads of the prairie, and a floor that was curved upward at both ends to prevent cargo from shifting on steep grades.
主干：由P的享有王权的德国人在1750年发明的C运货马车有高高的车轮和两边都翘起的底部。


66.Africa's black rhino population in the mid-1970's numbered about 20,000, ten times the estimated population of 2,000 in 1997.
主干：黑犀牛在1970年代中期总数是1997年估计数目的十倍。


number 总共



67.Scientists say that each of the photographs taken of the Ares Vallis plain by the Mars Pathfinder indicates the overwhelming extent of the flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which rocks were scattered by its force.
主干： 照片 暗示 洪灾巨大区域 和石头被冲散的程度。



68. The best way to extract the flavor from saffron threads is to soak them in liquid after pounding them with a mortar and pestle.
extract 提取
soak 浸泡
pound 捣碎
mortar 研钵
pestle 杵
saffron threads 藏红花丝
the best way to ...is to...


69.The proliferation of so-called cybersquatters, people who register the Internet domain names of high-profile companies in hopes of reselling the rights to those names for a profit, led to the passage in 1999 of the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, which allows companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of selling.
主干：CS的增长导致了1999年“反域名抢占”消费者保护法案的诞生。
proliferation 增长
domain name 域名
in hopes of doing 希望着
for a profit 为了利益
passage of 通过
seek up to 追索上至。。钱的
in damages 在损失方面
with the sole intent of selling 只想卖出的意图
sa

1369179610

70.It is unclear whether chimpanzees are unique among nonhuman species in their ability to learn behaviors from one another, or whether other animals would exhibit similar patterns if they were studied in as much depth.
in depth 全面地，深入地
exhibit patterns 存在。。模式


71.Paper production accounts for approximately 40 percent of the world's industrial use of wood, and the market for paper is growing faster than the market for all other major wood products.


account for 导致
industrial use of wood 工业木材使用


72.Broccoli thrives in moderate to cool climates and is propagated by seeds sown either directly in the field or in plant beds designed to produce transplants.
broccoli 西兰花
thrive 长得健壮
in moderate 稳健的
be propagated by 繁衍
beds 苗圃
transplant（s）移植




73.Evolutionary psychology holds that the human mind is not a "blank slate" but instead comprises specialized mental mechanisms that were developed to solve specific problems human ancestors faced millions of years ago.
comprise 包含

74.Paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould has argued that many biological traits are not the products of natural selection, favored because they enhance reproduction or survival, but are simply random by-products of other evolutionary developments.

are not...but are...

1369179610

75. More and more in recent years, cities are stressing the arts as a means to greater economic development and investing millions of dollars in cultural activities, despite strained municipal budgets and fading federal support.


主干：越来越多的城市强调艺术和投资文化艺术。
more and more 越来越多
are doing and doing...
as a means to sth.
strained municipal budgets
fading federal support


76. Combining enormous physical strength with higher intelligence,environmental changethe Neanderthals appear to have been equipped to face any obstacle the environment could put in their path, but their relatively sudden disappearance during the Paleolithic era indicates that an inability to adapt to some environmental change led to their extinction.
主干：N准备好面对困难，但是他们的突然消失显示了无力适应。
enormous physical strength  巨大的体力，力量
higher intelligence 较高的智力
neanderals 穴居人
be equipped to do
the Paleolithic era
an inability to do
adapt to

77. A 1972 agreement between Canada and the United States reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities are allowed to dump into the Great Lakes.


主干 一个协议减少了磷酸盐的倾倒
phosphates 磷酸盐
municipalities 市政区
dump into 倾倒
78. A proposal has been made to trim the horns from rhinoceroses to discourage poachers; the question is whether tourists will continue to visit game parks to see rhinoceroses once the animals' horn have been trimmed.

主干：一个提议已经做出；问题是。。
make a proposal 提议
trim 修剪
discourage 使沮丧
poacher 偷猎者
whether sb will do...once ..have been done.
79. Ryunosuke Akutagawa's knowledge of the literatures of Europe, China, and Japan was instrumental in his development as a writer, informing both his literary style and the content of his fiction.
RA 的知识很有帮助。
literatures 文学，文学作品informing 提供情报的
instrumental in 有帮助的
one's development as a writer
literary style
看看~~其实就是个简单句~~写的真给力~

1369179610

80. The only way for growers to salvage frozen citrus is to have it quickly processed into juice concentrate before warmer weather returns and rots the fruit.

抢救柑橘的唯一办法就是将其加工成浓缩果汁
salvage 抢救
citrus 柠檬树，柑橘树
juice concerntrate 果汁浓缩物
the only way to do ...is to do..
before后面是可以跟句子的


81. Fossils of the arm of a sloth, found in Puerto Rico in 1991, have been dated at 34 million years old, making the sloth the earliest known mammal on the Greater Antilles Islands.
海獭鳍的化石被测定为34百万年前。
sloth 海獭
on the Greater Antilles Islands 大安地列斯群岛

82.Defense attorneys have occasionally argued that their clients' misconduct stemmed from a reaction to something ingested, but if criminal or delinquent behaviour is attributed to an allergy to some food, the perpetrators are in effect told that they are not responsible for their actions.

反方律师声明行为不当是由于反应；做错事的人被告知。。
defense attorney 反方律师
misconduct   criminal/ delinquent behavior 行为不当
a reaction to/ an allergy to sth. 对。。的反应
stem from 源于
in effect 实际上
actions 行为
be attributed to


83. A report by the American Academy for the Advancement of Science has concluded that many of the currently uncontrolled dioxins to which North Americans are exposed come from the incineration of wastes.

二噁英源于垃圾焚烧。
a report by ..for ..has concluded that..
many of
currently
be exposed to
the incineration of
wastes


84. Recently physicians have determined that stomach ulcers are caused not by stress, alcohol, or rich foods, but by a bacterium that dwells in the mucous lining of the stomach.

胃溃疡是由于其外粘膜的一种细菌导致的。
stomach ulcers
be caused by
rich foods
dwell in
mucous lining of the stomach




85. According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, as it was of earlier generations.
拥有并生活在一个独立式的房子里是很多年轻人的梦想。
according to
poll
a freestanding house
a goal of
a majority of
young adults
be of earlier generations

1369179610

a mere two dozen products                     仅仅二十几个产品
account for                                                 导致
the increase in doing
prescription drugs                                     处方药
higher-cost                                                高成本的
Be done not just by...but also by...
主干：一个现象(的产生)，不仅是因为..，而且是因为...


86. In 2000, a mere two dozen products accounted for half the increase in spending on prescription drugs, a phenomenon that is explained not just by the fact that drugs are becoming more expensive but also by the fact that doctors are writing many more prescriptions for higher-cost drugs.


87.monitor                                         监控
trigger                                                 引发
energized particles                            能量粒子
eject from                                            喷射
the magnetic field                              磁场
the Northern Lights                           北极光
knock out                                            击中
a communication satellite                 通讯卫星
句式结构： 状语，简单句+定语从句，状语。
能量粒子引发磁暴。
87. According to scientists who monitored its path, an expanding cloud of energized particles ejected from the Sun recently triggered a large storm in the magnetic field that surrounds EArth, brightening the Northern Lights and possibly knocking out a communications satellite.


88.hydrocarbons                               碳氢氧化物
  nitrogen oxides                              氮氧化物
  pollutants                                        污染物质（种类）
  emited by automobiles                  汽车排放
当H和N与阳光反应时，臭氧形成了。


88.Often visible as smog, ozone is formed in the atmosphere when hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, two major pollutants emitted by automobiles, react with sunlight.

1369179610

见附件

1369179610

97.anthropologist 人类学家
genetic homogeneity   遗传纯和率
genetic variation 遗传变异
主干：现形纯合子是人口瓶颈的结果。


97. Some anthropologists believe that the genetic homogeneity evident in the world's people is the result of a "population bottleneck"——that at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event that greatly reduced their numbers and thus our genetic variation.


98.playwright(s) dramatist 剧作家
translated into
F已经写了40本著作，他的作品比同期剧作家出产的更频繁。




98. Ranked as one of the most important of Europe's young playwrights, Franz Xaver Kroetz has written 40 plays; his works——translated into more than 30 languages——are produced more often than those of any other contemporary German dramatist.


in motion 开动中，运转中
tremendous 极大的
faraway 遥远的
lifetime一生，寿命
星星在运动，但是它们离我们很远，以至于不便在某个人的一生中有多大的位置变化。


99. Like the planets, the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speed, but they are so faraway from Earth that their  apparent positions in the sky do not change enough for their  movement to be observed during a single human lifetime.


100.incipient 开始的，初期的
   misinterpret 误解
a course of action 一连串行动
make an executive miss signs of.. 因操作程序而发现不了。。。的迹象
过于专注某个做法，特别是某个过去一直挺有效的做法，很可能会发现不了初期的故障信号或者当信号出现时错误地理解他们。
100. Being heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that has worked well in the past, is likely to make an executive miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

1369179610

monument 纪念碑

clan（s）宗族
当雨水减少，大多数的MVA抛弃自己的家，投靠雨水更丰富的宗族。
101. As rainfall began to decrease in the Southwest about the middle of the twelfth century, most of the the Monument Valley Anasazi abandoned their homes to join other clans whose access to water was less limited.

102.yellow jackets 小黄蜂
       number 总共
       sterile 不生育的
小黄蜂是世界群居蜂种中占900多种，几乎全部由母蜂组成~~
102. Yellow jackets number among the 900 or so species of the world's social wasps, wasps that live in a highly cooperative and organized society consisting almost entirely of females——the queen and her sterile female workers.

periodic 周期性的
abnormal
厄尔尼诺是一种现象
103. El Nino, the periodic abnormal warming of the sea surface off Peru, is a phenomenon in which changes in the ocean and atmosphere combine to allow the warm water that has accumulated in the western Pacific to flow back to the east.

coordinate 配合
narratives 叙述
keen 敏锐的
Beatrix 倾注了她敏锐的观察力和爱
104. In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.

conceive of sth/sb/doing (as sth)
substitute for 代替
Polar opposites=exact/complete opposites
Be precisely the opposite
Marconi 构想。。。这与现实正好相反。
105. Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone; instead, it has become precisely the opposite, a tool for communicating with a large, public audience.
Use 用途
Criminology 犯罪
技术可以应用于很多领域
106. Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, is finding uses in medicine, archaeology, and criminology.
Run plants
As for 至于，关于
The fixed costs （复数名词）
固定成本使得电更加昂贵
107. While the costs of running nuclear plants is about the same as for other types of power plants, the fixed costs that stem from building nuclear plants make the electricity they generate more expensive.
Authoritative 权威的
Permissive  冠宏大量的
Be high in self-esteem
Responsibly independent
权威的父母更可能有自信，自尊，自强的孩子。
108. Authoritative parents are more likely than permissive parents to have children who as adolescents are self-confident,high in self-esteem, and responsibly independent.
Terra-cotta 陶瓷的
Effigy 人的雕像
Supplicant 祈祷者
Ills
众多物品中，雕像被祈祷者留下来
109. Among the objects found in the excavated temple were small terra-cotta effigies left by supplicants who were either asking the goddess Bona Dea's aid in heating physical and mental ills or thanking her for such help.
Make one's reputation as +（头衔）    建立名声
信使杂志由两个年轻的记者创办并编辑。
110. Published in Harlem, The Messenger was owned and edited by two young journalists, A. Philip Randolph, who would later make his reputation as a labor leader, and Chandler Owen.