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mutual fund 合股投资公司，共有基金

共有基金投资公司，很少超过公司股权的1%
111.A mutual fund having billions of dollars in assets will typically invest that money in hundreds of companies, rarely holding more than one percent of the shares of any particular corporation.

construction of 建造
colosseum 罗马圆形大剧场
reign of 统治
pageant 盛会，游行
gladiatorial games 斗剑运动
spectacles 壮观的场面

建造开始并完成。
112.Construction of the Rome Colosseum, which was officially known as the Flavian Amphitheater, began in A.D. 69, during the reign of Vespasian, and was completed a decade later, during the reign of Titus, who opened the Colosseum with a one-hundred-day cycle of religious pageants (盛会，游行), gladiatorial (争论的，斗剑者的) games, and spectacles (景象，奇观).

emerge from 产生于
the darkness of 黑暗
womb子宫
rudimentary未成熟的
sense of vision 视力
be rated about 被定级为
be deemed sth 被认定是
legally 法律上地
婴儿从黑暗中出生。
113.A baby emerges from the darkness of the womb with a rudimentary (初步的，基本的，未发展的) sense of vision that would be rated about 20/500; an adult with such vision would be deemed legally blind.

starfish 海星
regenerative ability 再生能力
overcompensating 过度代偿
if X, (then) Y, 在条件句中，x和y的结构，和时态必须是一样的~~
海星有很强的再生能力，如果一个手臂丢了他会很快的替回来。
114.Starfish, with anywhere from five to eight arms, have a strong regenerative ability, and if one arm is lost it is quickly replaced, with the animal sometimes overcompensating and growing an extra one or two.


marine code 海商法
islet 小岛
fishery 渔业
international disputes  国际纠纷
uninhabited 无人居住的
海商法已经引起了国际纠纷
115.Because the new maritime code provides that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, it has already stimulated international disputes over uninhabited islands.

building and loan associations   建房贷款合作协会
payment
mortagage        抵押
take turns doing 轮流做某事
draw on   利用动用经验，能力；支取款项
协会以有限生命基金的形式被组织起来。
116.The original building and loan associations were organized as limited life funds, whose members made monthly payments on their share subscriptions and then took turns drawing on the funds for home mortgages.

假设被普遍接受
117.Gall’s hypothesis that different mental functions are localized in different parts of the brain is widely accepted today.

except vt.
毛里求斯是英殖民地，但是英语没有在这个地方普及
118.Mauritius was a British colony for almost 200 years, but except in the domains of administration and teaching, the English language was never really spoken on the island.

rural 乡下
legitimate 合法的，合理的
consider A B
legitimate 合法的
portray 描述
GS 是第一个考虑并描述乡村文学的人。
119.George Sand (Aurore Lucile Dupin) was one of the first European writer to consider the rural poor legitimate subjects for literature and to portray them with sympathy and respect in her novels.


havoc 大破坏
migratory bird 候鸟
基金认为全球变暖会造成灾难。
120.The World Wildlife Fund has declared that global warming, a phenomenon that most scientists agree is caused by human being’s burning of fossil fuels, will create havoc among migratory birds by altering the environment in ways harmful to their habitats.

reversals 逆转，反转
the Earth's magnetic field
onset of 开始
splitting 裂开
小行星的撞击导致了。。。（4件事。）
121.New theories propose that catastrophic impacts of asteroids and comets may have caused reversals in the Earth’s magnetic field, the onset of ice ages, the splitting apart of continents 80 million years ago, and great volcanic eruptions.
*the + -ing = n.

specialize in 专攻
claim that + clause
claim to do
一个电影可以构造300多人物性格。
122.A firm that specialized in the analysis of handwriting claims to be able, from a one-page writing sample, to assess more than 300 personality traits, including enthusiasm, imagination, and ambition.


啤酒的销售下降又上升。
123.Sales of wines declined in the late 1980s, but they began to grow again after the 1991 report that linked moderate consumption （适度消费）of alcohol, and particularly of red wine, with a reduced risk of heart disease.

emigrate to 迁居到
discerning 有识别力的
prestigious 有声望的
摄影师赢得了粉丝，照片也被展出。
124.Less successful after she emigrated to New York than she had been in her native Germany, photographer Lotte Jacobi nevertheless earned a small group of discerning admirers, and her photographs were eventually exhibited in prestigious galleries across the United States.

agricultural technology 农业技术
acreage    英亩数
同样的英亩生产了两倍的苹果
125.Today, because of improvements in agricultural technology, the same amount of acreage produces twice as many apples as it did in 1910.

测谎仪的使用基于这样一个假设。
126.The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses.

claim to be 声称
libernate the city 解放城市
claim his throne 登上王位
divinely: adv. 凭神的力量；象神一样地；庄严地；[口]极好地
persuade x to do y
贞德掀起了抗英胜利浪潮
127.Joan of Arc, a young Frenchwoman who claimed to be divinely inspired, turned the tide of English victories in her country by liberating the city of Orleans and persuaded Charles VII of France to claim his throne.


embryologist 胚胎学家
find evidence to do 找到证据
aquatic animal 水生动物
trunk 象鼻
snorkel水下呼吸器
evolved as 由。。演化而来
大象是由水生动物演化来的。
128.Australian embryologists have found evidence to suggest that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal and that its trunk originally evolved as a kind of snorkel.

C说由阿卡迪亚人带到路易斯安那的方言。
129.Cajuns speak a dialect brought to southern Louisiana by the 4,000 Acadians who migrated there in 1755; their language is basically seventeenth-century French to which English, Spanish, and Italian words have been added.

法国75%能量源于核能,德国只有33%
130.Over 75 percent of the energy produced in France derives from nuclear power, whereas nuclear power accounts for just over 33 percent of the energy produced in Germany.

psychopath  精神病患者
be incapable of
feel compassion
feel the pangs of conscience
精神变态者指的是无法同情或受良心折磨的人。
131.Although the term “psychopath” is popularly applied to an especially brutal criminal, in psychology it refers to someone who is apparently incapable of feeling compassion or the pangs (痛苦) of conscience.

heirloom 传家宝
appetizing 促进食欲的
bump 肿起物
flavorful 有风味的
虽然传统的柿子不好看，但是味道好，因此需求提高。
132.Although heirloom tomatoes, grown from seeds saved during the previous year, appear less appetizing than most of their round and red supermarket cousins ------ they are often green and striped (有条纹的), or have plenty of bumps and bruises (擦伤) -----heirlooms are more flavorful and thus in increasing demand.


shrimper 捕虾器
news conference 记者招待会
take some credit for 因而得到好评
compliance with laws 服从法律
捕虾人因保护乌龟受到赞扬，他们对要求装乌龟驱赶装置的法律的服从保护了那些成年乌龟。
133.Last week local shrimpers held a news conference to take some credit for the resurgence of the rare Kemp’s ridley turtle, saying that their compliance with laws requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets is protecting adult sea turtles.

shift-work 换班工作
implemented 实行，实施
fatigue 疲乏
转换工作方程减少了。。继而提高了工作效率
134.Recently implemented “shift-work equation” based on studies of the human sleep cycle have reduced sickness, sleeping on the job, and fatigue among shift workers while raising production efficiency in various industries.

apprenticeship 学徒
culminate in
virtually 实际上
bestow  赠给
learned societies 学术团体
FM 的事业开始并达到顶峰
135.Spanning more than 50 years, Friedrich Muller’s career began in an unpromising apprenticeship as a Sanskrit scholar and culminated in virtually every honor that European governments and learned societies could bestow.

array 排列
管道在鸟类上是随便排列的。
136.Whereas in mammals the tiny tubes that convey nutrients to bone cells are arrayed in parallel lines, in birds the tubes form a random pattern.

acclaim 喝彩
J和G是典型：生前显贵，死后被遗弃。
137.Joachim Raff and Giacomo Meyerbeer are examples of the kind of composer who receives popular acclaim while living, but whose reputation declines after death and never regains its former status.


combat diseases 与疾病斗争
efforts to do 为...的尝试
pesticides 杀虫剂
尝试集中于疫苗和灭蚊。
138.Most efforts to combat such mosquito-borne diseases as malaria and dengue (登革热) have focused on either vaccinating (给…注射疫苗) humans or exterminating (消灭，根除) mosquitoes with pesticides.

sighting 观察
sensation 感觉
哈雷彗星引起了世界前所未有的关注。（你看看，说的这个结构~~完美~~）
139.In no other historical sighting did Halley’s Comet cause such as worldwide sensation as in its return of 1910-1911.

eradicate 完全根除
date at … years old
impact 影响，撞击
岩石样品被测定年代并作为证据
140.Rock samples taken from the remains of an asteroid about twice the size of the 6-mile-wide asteroid that eradicated the dinosaurs have been dated at 3.47 billion years old and thus are evidence of the earliest known asteroid impact on Earth.