逻辑Assumption题求解

vangao

Scientists haveseveral rival theories on the causes of fibromyalgia, a disorder that causesbody-wide chronic pain and fatigue. One leading theory holds that conditionssuch as depression, anxiety, drug use and serotonin deficiency can aggravate oreven cause fibromyalgia by interfering with "stage 4," or "deepsleep." This theory is concerned with the function of neuropeptidesubstance P, which is released in the spinal cord in response to pain andcauses nerve endings around the initiating nerves to also become more sensitiveto pain. Normally, this mechanism is "reset" during deep sleep. Ifpain becomes body-wide, however, and the mechanism can not be reset, thisprocess may run out of control.

The theory above onthe cause of fibromyalgia rests on which of the following assumptions?

a. The body has alimited amount of control over neuropeptide substance P.
b. Fibromyalgia is acompletely preventable disorder, if only other conditions are recognized andtreated before it can develop.
c. Deep sleep isnecessary to the healthy functioning of the nervous system.
d. The functions ofneuropeptides released by the spinal cord must be better understood before acure for fibromyalgia can be found.
e. Because thecauses of fibromyalgia are linked to depression, the disorder should be treatedby mental health professionals.

女王的肥皂

Scientists have several rival theories on the causes of fibromyalgia, a disorder that causes body-wide chronic pain and fatigue. One leading theory holds that conditions such as depression, anxiety, drug use and serotoni n deficiency can aggravate or even causefibromyalgia by interfering with "stage 4," or "deepsleep." This theory is concerned with the function of neuropeptide substance P, which is released in the spinal cord in response to pain and causes nerve endings around the initiating nerves to also become more sensitiveto pain. Normally, this mechanism is "reset" during deep sleep. If pain becomes body-wide, however, and the mechanism can not be reset, this process may run out of control.

The theory above on the cause of fibromyalgia rests on which of the following assumptions?

a. The body has a limited amount of control over neuropeptide substance P.
b. Fibromyalgia is acompletely preventable disorder, if only other conditions are recognized andtreated before it can develop.
c. Deep sleep is necessary to the healthy functioning of the nervous system.
d. The functions of neuropeptides released by the spinal cord must be better understood before acure for fibromyalgia can be found.
e. Because the causes of fibromyalgia are linked to depression, the disorder should be treatedby mental health professionals

The mechanism of Substance P is reset during deep sleep
If the pain becomes body wide and the mechanism can not be reset, this process may run out of control.

我选C吧。
也就是否定有其他reset the mechanism 的可能。

Premise two: Neropeptide substance P casues nerve endings around the initiating nerves to become more sensitive to pain
Premsie three: this mechanism is reset during deep sleep.
Conclusion： If pain becomes body-wide and the mechanism can not be reset, the process may run out of control (releasing P in the case of F will be out of control.)

女王的肥皂

这里的人真是奇怪。

我的问题从来没有人回答。

回答别人的问题吧，却没有回声。

大家都积极的做什么？

aprilfool916

Situation: Doctors theorize that fibromyalgia is the result of a disruption of healthy sleep patterns.

Reasoning: Which assumption must be true in order to argue that fibromyalgia is caused by a disruption of sleep patterns? The passage describes a mechanism in the nervous system that, when disrupted, may aggravate or cause fibromyalgia. Other conditions depression, anxiety, etc. are mentioned as factors that may interfere with the root cause of fibromyalgia: the disruption of pain receptors normally reset during deep sleep. The key is to recognize that this reset is necessary because the body does not have unlimited control over the substance P.


(A) Correct. If the body had unlimited control on substance P, then deep sleep would not be required to reset the mechanism of releasing P, and thus the argument would be invalid.

(B) Outside the scope. The passage does not argue whether or not fibromyalgia is preventable.

(C) If deep sleep is not achieved, the mechanism of the initiating nerves can not reset, and fibromyalgia may result. Therefore deep sleep is required for healthy functioning of nervous system. This statement could be a conclusion of the passage, but not a necessary assumption.

(D) Outside the scope. The passage is concerned with the causes of fibromyalgia, not its cures.

(E) The passage lists several conditions that can aggravate or cause fibromyalgia, but does not prioritize depression as the condition most linked to its onset.