1.GWD-12-Q35-Q37质疑企业存款和企业投资影响利率变动的观点 Manyeconomistsbelieve that a很多经济学家相信，美国高企业储 high rate of business savings in the蓄率是投资的必要先兆，因为企业 United Statesis a necessaryprecursor积蓄与个人积蓄不同，几乎包含了 Line to investment, because business sav-国家储蓄率的4分之3，而国家储 (5) ings, as opposed to personal savings,蓄率极大影响商业投资的整体比率 comprisealmost three-quarters of the nationalsavings rate, and the national savingsrate heavily influences the overallrate of business investment. (10) These economists further postulate这些经济学家进一步假定真实利率 thatreal interest rates—the difference -贷率与通胀率之差-在国家储蓄超 betweenthe rates charged by lenders过商业投资(造成储蓄过剩)的情况 andthe inflation rates—will be low when下会较低，反之较高。 nationalsavings exceed business (15) investment (creating a savings surplus), andhigh when national savings fall belowthe level of business investment (creatinga savings deficit ). However,然而，在1960’ s，真实利率在国家储蓄过剩的情况下经常较高。 during the 1960’s real interest rates (20) wereoften higher when the national savingssurplus was large. Counter-相反的情况同样发生，从1980到 intuitive behavior also occurred when 1982年，虽然国家储蓄与投资大 realinterest rates skyrocketed from体持平，真实利率从2%飙升至7% 2percent in 1980 to 7 percent in 1982, (25) even though national savings and investmentswere roughly equal throughoutthe period. Clearly, real很明显，真实利率并非受储蓄/投资 interestrates respond to influences关系的影响。 otherthan the savings/investment (30) nexus. Indeed,real interest rates may确实，真实利率可能本身就影响储 themselvesinfluence swings in the蓄和投资率的波动。 savingsand investment rates. As real当真实利率在1979年后猛升，外 interest rates shot up after 1979, for-国投资者向美国灌输资金，国内 eigninvestors poured capital into the商品价格在国外升得可怕，而国内 (35) United States , the price ofdomestic的外国商品价格变得更低。goodsincreased prohibitively abroad, andthe price of foreign-made goods becamelower in the United States . Asaresult,domestic economic activity结果，国内经济活动与企业储蓄投资能力受到限制。 (40) and the ability of businesses to save andinvest were restrained. 新老观点 Many economists believe that business savings is anecessary because…. These economists further postulated…. However, 1960, real interest rate….. behavioralso… indeed…. As a result….. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- GWD-12-Q35: Thepassage is primarily concerned with
A.contrasting trends in twohistorical periods B.presenting evidence that calls into questioncertain beliefs注意文章套路 C.explaining the reasons for acommon phenomenon不准确 D.criticizing evidence offeredin support of a well-respected belief E.comparing conflictinginterpretationsof a theory -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- GWD-12-Q36: According to the passage, which of the following resulted from foreign investment in theUnited States after 1979? A.An increase in real interest rates B.A decrease in the savings rate of certainother nations C.An increase in American investment abroad D.Anincrease in the price of American goods abroad, the price of domesticgoods increased prohibitively abroad, 原文定位：As realinterestrates shot up after 1979, foreign investors poured capital into theUnited States , the price of domesticgoods increased prohibitively abroad, and the price offoreign-made goodsbecame lower in the United States
E.A decrease in the price of domestic goodssold at home -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- GWD-12-Q37: Theauthor of the passage would be most likely to agree with which of thefollowing statements regarding the economists mentioned in line 1? A.Their beliefs are contradicted by certain economic phenomena that occurred in the United States during the 1960’s and the 1980’s.注意文章套路，作者观点 B.Their theory fails to predict under what circumstances the prices of foreign and domestic goods are likely to increase. C.They incorrectly identify the factorsother than savings and investment rates that affect real interest rates. D.Their belief is valid only for the United States economy and not necessarily for other national economies. E.They overestimate the impact of the real interest rate on the national savings and investment rates.
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发表于 2012-11-19 21:35:14
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