绳命是如此的井彩，绳命是如此的回晃

婷婷connie

Formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits than set them free.



Whether our thoughts and feelings are inclined to be hampered other than freed by formal education, as the speaker maintains? I partly accept the limitation of the relatively stiff formal education as it is compared with alternative modern education. Whereas I hold an optimistic attitude toward traditional education, which can be illuminated in the following article.



Admittedly, I concede that to some degree the formal education fails to catch up with other informal education in terms of the cultivation of students' innovation. On one hand, formal education tends to demand students to stay in the classroom and listen to the teacher's lecture, fettered and less passionate. Conversely, the informal education enables children to go out and learn from playing, such as museum, libraries or at home. Specifically, the children will be able to pay a visit at the national park where they can appreciate the miracle of the nature: diversity of creatures and the feeling of vibrancy. In this way, the children will involuntarily acquire accumulation of useful knowledge related to biology. On the other hand, it is the contents that differs between conventional education and unconventional one. It is commonly acknowledged that children are generally taught mathematics, English, chemistry, etc in school, which are normal courses. In contrast, many courses referring to pragmatic skills such as interpersonal skills and oratory will be available for children taking part in the unformal education. Thus, formal education does not seem to be well suitable for students to follow at present.



However, advantages attached to the formal education cannot be underestimated. In the first place, it is the formal education that fosters our basic skills. For instance, it helps us obtain abilities to read, write and even how to communicate with others, all of which cannot be taught in informal classes which focus more attention on the further development of children's interest. As the formal educational has been tested over and over again, its validity can be guaranteed. In traditional classrooms, pedagogues with expert skills and patience are engaged to guide their students in a more correct direction at the inchoate period of learning. While lacking adequate trials before courses are carried out on children's study, the informal education may incur dissatisfying results. According to a recent investigation, most extraordinary individuals ascribe their success to the enlightening courses given in the primary schools by formal education. It is conspicuous that formal education plays an essential role in laying a firm foundation for our progress in the future.



Furthermore, the situations of formal education will be gradually improved as an increasing number of experts in education are becoming aware of the rigidity of formal education. Luckily, authorities of schools have placed considerable emphases on the cultivation of students' experimental capacity. The addition of requirements for experiment in colleges and universities is a good case to bolster my point. Here, students need to not only listen to the professors' lectures but also pitch large energy and time for the procurement of good academic grades. Accordingly, a brilliant student majored in computer science will sharp his ability to write a computer program to realize the basic counting task. And a student expert in biology can tell more about the vertebrate's structure with ease after the devotion of amounts of effort on the anatomy of rats. With the sustaining modification on formal education, the students will be equipped with more practical skills relevant of their majors, rising them in favorable positions in the future job market.  



What is more, the purpose of formal education is conformed to the development of the society, namely, provide students owning creative thinking to different fields such as business, art or government. According to Socrates, nothing can maintain stable, which can be applied well on the movement of formal education. As time elapses, the goals of formal education move forward together with vagarious need of the society. Prodded by the trend that the society is in urgent demand of specialists with inspiration on their majors, the formal education adopts alternative methods which stress the significance of creativity. Thus, instead of inhibiting our minds and spirits, the formal education produces positive impacts on the advancement of our innovation.



In sum, in spite of the relative rigidity of formal education, we will embrace the formal education because of its merits on the cultivation of fundamental knowledge and basic learning skills as well as the change on its purpose and methods. I am convinced with the persistent effort on the improvement of the whole aspects of formal education will it shape us a brighter future.



提纲：

1.传统教育在某些方面确实比不上非传统教育（授课地点+内容你灵活、多样）

2.传统教育为我们学习的基础打下了很深的基础（read, write,speak...）

3.现在的传统教育也融入了很多关于实验的课程，提高学生动手能力

4.传统教育的观点也在不断适应这社会多变的需求

结论：尽管传统教育有一些局限（rigidity），不断地改善让其具有竞争力。

婷婷connie

Whether all of students of a nation are supposed to take the same national curriculum in primary, middle and high school, as the speaker maintains? As for me, I am partly in favor of this statement for the national standards for curriculum exerts positive influence on students' growth. Otherwise, we cannot ignore its potential disadvantages, which will be illuminated by a series of points and specific examples in the following article.

In the first place, the national standards for curriculum taken before students enter college, tested and then established by experts in education, is the more professional and rational than any other alternative ones. Based on the fundamental and principal purpose to develop the learning competence and the personality of students, the unified national standards set systematic courses to equip the majority of students with basic learning skills such as reading, writing and lecturing. Specifically, a child is required to learn mathematics as calculation is vital in different areas, especially in majors related with economics. Besides, he or she has to learn the rudimentary knowledge of philosophy, laying foundation for the future study of other disciplines. In this way, the consistency of national curriculum is an indispensable part of the enlightening education for children.

Furthermore, proved by a good number of authorities in education, the unified national curriculum are in accordance to the requirement of equity in the society. Since the criteria for national courses are set by experienced pedagogues and carried out throughout the country, it stands for the validity and fairness of these courses. To take the Chinese children as an example. Burdened on the large population, students who want to be matriculated by colleges and universities have to take part in the entrance examinations instead of applying for their schools through personal statement papers and recommendation letters as do the students in occidental countries. Here meets the rationality of the same standards for national curriculum: since every student is engaged in the unified courses, the examination containing the same contents is fair and meaningful, which guarantees the justice of opportunities with which students can get enrolled in their dream colleges. Therefore, the unification of national curriculum is a good promise of relatively justice on students' chances to get educated in college.

However, hardship could be encountered when this policy is implemented in different regions of a nation. Consider the multiplicity of geographic features and traditions, the popularization of the policy may produce barriers on the preservation of distinct culture of certain regions. For example, in an extremely cold place where snow is ubiquitous, students there are not only expected to take the same national curriculum but obtain the exact ability on ice-skating, characterized the most impressive and prevalent culture of the region. Or consider the mountainous geographic feature of the place, students who study in a shool built against the mountain will grasp the precious chance to learn drifting besides the same requirements from the national standards. Undoubtedly, these spirited children will be passionate to acquire a surviving skill while immersing in their national requirements. Thus, in order to perpetuate the peculiarity of a region’s tradition, it would be better to encourage students to learn something unique rather than doggedly adhere to the rigid standards made by the national education department.

Since obvious are the advantages and disadvantages of the policy that enhances every student to study the same course all around the country before college, a balanced solution will be put in a favorable position. On one hand, we could enact a detailed outlines describing ordinary contents to be taught in schools and setting standards for teachers to follow while making their own distinct teaching plans by combining the regional traits. This absolutely will gratify the demand of equity on national examinations, and also enables regions to conserve their own traditions and conventions. On the other hand, schools could also provide both the requirements and electives which comprehensively reflect diverse interests of their students. I believe, with the joint effort of the national education department and the meticulous faculty of schools, education of the students in the nation will be boosted to a more professional and considerate state.

In sum, from the discussion on the sameness of nation curriculum, it is conspicuous to witness both merits and demerits of the policy. Since the consistent national curriculum promise the prompting impact on the cultivation of students' basic learning capacity and more importantly, the justice, it will be conducive to advocate this policy while equal attention needs to be pitched on the protection of the unique culture of the regions. As long as we manage to weaken its shortcomings and maximize the strength will the policy benefit the most part of students.  

提纲：
统一的国家课程为孩子的基础教育提供保证。（系统性、专业性）
为大学的录取提供相对公平的环境
但是很多地方具有独特的地域性特点，盲目地遵从国家标准不利于文化传统的保存及传递。
我们可以在坚持国家统一课程的同时做一些改进（加上一些地域特色的课程+遵从孩子的兴趣）
结论：national curriculum有利有弊，但我们可以通过改进弱化弊端，同时将其优点最大化，最终受益最大部分的students.

婷婷connie

The business manager recklessly recommends the restoration of time devoted to weather and local news back to the former level. To support the argument, he puts forward the complaints concerned with the weather and local news and the decline on revenues from advertising contracts. However, the manager fails to offer us adequate information about both of these two pieces of evidence, and a particular scrutiny will demonstrate the irrationality of the argument.

At the very beginning, the complaints presented by the author is open to question. On one hand, we have no idea about occupation, age, gender and habits of these complainers. Perhaps, these complains mainly consist of housewives who generally focus on the weather forecast and local affairs. Or perhaps other potential viewers are too busy to show approbation on the coverage of nationals news which leads to the dominance of the complains of weather and local news. On the other hand, we only know that complaints are concerned about the coverage of weather and local issues as the author does not inform us of any further information. Chances are that this dissatisfaction is aimed at the over-coverage of weather and local news, which denotes their coverage is supposed to be cut even more. Lacking persuasive information about the complainers and the contents of complaints, embarrassment is faced by the author to lay any argument based on this piece of evidence.

Furthermore, it is unjustified for the manager to build causal association between the change on contents of late-night news program and the reduction on advertisement contracts, despite of their simultaneity. Apparently, the author does not take into account any other possible factors contributing to the decline of advertising revenues. Here are two convincing reasons: 1. there are other compelling channels for advertisement, which has more audiences and is at lower price than the television station. The internet is a good choice. With the development of science and technology, an increasing number of residents are becoming involved in the internet, which means they are spending much more time staring the screen of computer. So it will be more profitable for companies to throw their advertisement to millions of online-residents, saving mints of money meanwhile. 2. odds are that the city is faced with a severe economical crisis which prevents companies from investing on advertisements continuously as before. Instead, these prudent entrepreneurs will concentrate on other aspects of the company, such as the training on their employees' skills or the enhancement of the technological modification. In this way, the company will no longer pour the same scale of money on advertisement displayed on television. Therefore, unless the author considers all available explanations for the decrease on advertising revenues, his judgment that contents of late-night news program is not necessarily responsible for the declination.

Moreover, even if the manager has successfully convinced us that complaints are directly conveyed for the less time allocated to local news and weather and the advertising contracts declines mostly due to the contents of programs, he still fails to imagine the probable results of the restoration of time on weather and local news. Possible is that the television station will mire into a quandary by simply reverting the coverage of weather and local news to its former level. Particularly, as habitants have already been accustomed to the current time allocation of the news and weather report, they will feel uncomfortable about the change, incurring more complaints at the great possibility. What worsens the matter is the companies will cut down the input of advertisement on the station for this method of publicity is viewed by fewer people and thus of little profits. As there is no firm evidence suggesting the impending large amounts of profits caused by the change, it is untenable to stand for the recommendation.

In a nutshell, limited by the loopholes of the complaints and presumed account for decline on advertising revenue, the manager is less able to recommends the restoration to the former level of local news and weather. Only if he clearly lists specific information about complainers and their contents as well analyzes alternative factors impacting the dissolution of advertisement contracts will he think up of a more rational solution to the current problem.

婷婷connie

argument 7
The author recklessly recommends that Monarch Books substitute the children's book section with a cafe to compete with Regal Books where a cafe has opened recently. To support his statement, the author puts forward the results of national census indicating a considerable decline in the percentage of children under ten. However, a meticulous scrutiny will demonstrate the irrationality of his point.

In the first place, the false implication of the results of national census makes the recommendation less convincing. On one hand, the author misinterprets the meaning of percentage of the population. Even though the ratio of children under ten to the whole population is declining, it does not necessarily stand for the reduction on the extreme number of children in the region as possible is that the total population is in stable growth. Additionally, population under age ten is not able to precisely cover all children since the age of children approximately ranges from one to twelve. On the other hand, the author cursorily expands the results of the national census to this region without consideration of the uniqueness of the case. Perhaps this region mainly consists of relatively young couples who have exactly had their children studied in primary and middle school. Based on the irrational deduction of the results from national census, any conclusion is unwarranted.

Even if we are convinced that the books for children is gradually losing its market, the author does not assume any consequences of building a cage in Monarch Books. As he presents little information about Regal Books, the impending triumph of Monarch Books over Regal Books is open to question. Chances are that Regal Books attracts its customers by means of its intriguing discount activities and the warm service, having nothing to do with the newly opened cafe. Thus, the myopic addition of cafe in Monarch Books will be in vain in the rival with Regal Books. Or probable is that the opening of cafe in Regal Book turns out to be a failure for its coffee cannot best ones in other professional cafes. In this way, the Monarch Books may encounter the same quandary as Regal Books does. Thus it is unwise to open a cafe in bookstore.

What is worse is that the author fails to consider the switch of children’s book section to cage will threaten the reputation of Monarch Books for wide selection. As the author denotes that Monarch is noted for its comprehensive sorts of books, customers come because they are able to find any book they want here. Unluckily, the cancel of children's books probably undermines its preponderance over other rivalries. The instance is that a brilliant boy, having got a good an A in his paper, wants to get his dream Green Tale as a reward from his parents. The parents take him to to Monarch Books, but there is only a cafe. Upset and even a little angry, the little boy will no longer come here again, which also influences the impression of his parents on Monarch Books. Cases similar to the instance above is not seldom. Accordingly, the current customers and even potential ones will have an unfavorable attitude about the service thus turn to its rivalry to purchase books, namely Regal Books.

In sum, the author misunderstands the results of the national census, and does not offer adequate information about Regal Books, and fails to consider any negative impacts on the sustaining development of Monarch Books, thus his recommendation lacks firm justifications. Only if he ponders the whole circumstances related will he come up with a solution of more rationality.

婷婷connie

Whether all students ought to be demanded to take the same national curriculum in primary, middle and high school, as the speaker suggests? I partly disagree with the statement as this policy may hinder the preservation of unique convention of regions. Yet otherwise advantages of the policy still far outweigh its disadvantages, which can be demonstrated in different aspects.



In the first place, hardship can be met by the consistency of the standards for national curriculum. Since a nation covers large areas ranging from coastland to hinterland, from coteau to plain, the peculiarity of regions as the cause of topographic characteristicsand unique traditions descended from the past. Particularly, students, living in the northern China where snow is prevalent, are expected to take courses to foster their conventional skill, namely ice-skating, which cannot be imagined by students in the south of the country featured thescorching sun rays and sweat. Furthermore, in a school built against the mountain where a river transects, students thereacquire the precious opportunity to take drifting course. These regional courses can only cultivate students’ understanding of their traditional culture with happiness ad passion but also render survival skills. In this way, the consistent national curriculum is not able to satisfy the demand to perpetuate the diversity of culture and customs of certain regions.



However, it is ill-advised for us to ignore the compelling benefitsbrought by the unified national curriculum. In the first place, the formal standards for curriculum, tested and then popularized by experts in national education department, lays a firm foundation for students' further study. These curriculum prescribed by authorities in education comprehends a system of courses,aiming on the cultivation of basic knowledge and learning skills such as reading, writing and lecturing, all of which are vital in the followingeducation in college. Specifically, some rudimentary courses taught before college prepare students’ abilitiesfor heir major study and even helps them avoid mere interests and bias by offering them full understanding on different majors. For instance, mathematics enables students to calculate, which is essential in physics, medicine, especially in economic models. Philosophy is a fundamental discipline of every other ones by offering a value system and analyticalbasis for students. All these courses are required by national curriculum. Therefore, the same national curriculum play an indispensable role in fostering basic learning and thinking skills.



Moreover, the unification of national curriculum is of great significance on the demonstration of justice in the society. To take China as a case, burdened by the large population, the society may confront embarrassment on imposing justice on competition, especially of education. Students who are eager to get educated in colleges and universities have to take part in the national entrance examinations instead of sending personal statement, recommendation letters and their scores of GRE to the colleges as do students in occidental countries. Here, the sameness of national curriculum shows its validity: students all around the country are required to take the same courses, so they are put in relatively equitable positions in the examinations for the scores will directly reflect their abilities of learning. And the university and colleges will matriculate the extraordinary students by the judgment of their appliers' grades. This promises the fairness of students on education chance.



Admittedly, I concede that there are some weakness in the policy that requests students to study the same national curriculum, yet effective amelioration is available. On one hand, the national department could enact an syllabus of teaching tasks including the points to be examined in tests and competence for students' future learning, setting formal standards for regional schools.So the regional schools are able to make their own teaching plans displaying their traditions and conventions and not to ignore some important courses required by the national standards. On the other hand,students' interests and hobbies should be poured significant attention. Shools would be better combine both requirements and electives in the course choices according to students’ need. With the joint effort of the national education department and regional faculty of schools, the education will be improved into a more professional and considerate condition.



In sum, from the discussion over the consistency on standards of curriculum made by the nation, it is conspicuous to witness the merits and demerits of the policy. Even if some shortcoming may produce barriers on the preservation of unique culture in different regions, we are supposed to hold an optimistic attitude toward the policy for its preponderance on the cultivation of students' basic capacity as well as the maintenance of justice.

Ps:换了一种思路写写看

提纲：

1.统一的国家课程不能显示地域差异性（对文化的传递、保存有影响）

2.为学生的学习打下基础（analytical thinking and learning skills，为将来的专业选择打下基础avoid mere interests or bias）

3.统一的课程有利于全国各地的同学公平竞争

4.可以做出一些改进（国家定出大纲，各学校根据自身情况定course，同时考虑学生的兴趣）

结论：（大正小负）困难可以通过改进克服，我们应该对此抱有乐观心态。

婷婷connie

Claim: Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive.
Reason: It is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated.

Whether the metropolises should be given precedence over other minor cities and countryside when the government designs the financial budget, as the speaker maintains? The statement seems superficially unassailable since considerable cultural traditions generate and thrive in major cities. However, we cannot ignore the historical value demonstrated by the rest places. The discrepancies will be critically considered and corrected in the following parts of the article.

In the first place, the major cities have a good number of historical spots which are worthy of financial investment by the government. As a center of culture, a metropolis gains its own chances to thrive by means of international tourism. Specifically, the bravery of gladiators can be appreciated at the Colosseo in Rome, the beautiful scenery of Eiffel Tower is able to be witnessed at the south bank of Seine River in Paris, the desire of freedom could be vividly exhibited by the Statue of Liberty in New York City, and the charming of Chinese Confucianist Culture is well displayed in the Gugong Museum in Beijing, all of which play indispensable role in the preservation of a nation's integrity. It is these major cities that attract us to pay a visit to and then rivet our eyes. Additionally, the major cities contribute largely to the state tax revenue, boosting the development of local economy. Undoubtedly, the financial support of these places will be given priority.

Admittedly, I concede, to some degree, that the major cities are of magnitude on the perpetuation of national culture, but the government ought not to neglect the potential problems brought by this policy. Currently, an increasing concern is focused on the maintenance of justice in the society as the financial support on major cities by the government certainly will produce immense gulf between these metropolises and the rest places, increasing concerns on the namely, the small cities, towns and even countryside, where some residents still live a miserable life, facing hazards of starvation and exposure. In this case, the money poured on major cities is open to question. Having already enjoyed the encouraging economical policies, convenient traffic and education opportunities of comparatively higher quality, the major cities are capable enough to earn a mint of profits on their own, even if without the financial support from the government. Conversely, the conditions of remote places are severe, lacking the money to thrive because of the poor conditions to develope fundamental projects such as the supply of electricity and water. In order to spur the overall improvement of the economy and people's life, the government is supposed devote money on the majority of citizenry, dispersing in the minor cities, towns and countryside instead of metropolises.

Furthermore, there is no denying that there are also many antiques and conventions of historical and archaeological significance, in urgent demand of protection. On one hand, natives of these areas generally do not have  sufficient knowledge about the cultural relics, for example, how to prevent them from efflorescence and intense sun rays when exposed in air, thus more experts in history and archaeology for popularization of knowledge related to protections are necessary which suggests a mass of money. On the other hand, with the process of international trade and communication, the major cities are main places influenced by the foreign cultures, whereas the minor cities, towns and countryside manage to retain pristine, conserving most of its original traditions and customs, descended from the ancestors and reflecting their wisdom. Particularly, the languages of the minorities are treasure of a nation as it represents the diversity of culture. And some medical prescriptions passed from generation to generation exert great medical value for doctors. So the financial support is also reasonable to be put in the rest places.

As the amount of money allocated for financial support is limited, it is ill-advised for us to focus on both the major cities and the rest places. And we cannot determine a focus on either metropolises or the rest places recklessly without prudent consideration. To get a more effective solution, the governors need to take into account every factors related to the issue, for example, whether the cost of the financial project to a certain place far exceeds its interest, and whether it will bring about negative impacts on the residents' life. What is more, the government could not merely focus on the financial support. As the essence of the government is the serve for its people, the measures should not be confined within money. Other measures are also feasible, such as the enactment of policies to conserve the cultural heritage and the advocacy of the joint effort of entrepreneurs and plebeians to the construction of both sorts of cities and countryside.

In sum up, form the discussion above, it is conspicuous to witness merits on financial support on both major cities and minor cities and countryside. Nevertheless, we cannot rush to put the policy into effect on the two or either side without hesitation because of the limitation of the financial budget. Aiming at maximize the profits of the people, the government would better have a case-by-case analysis to judge the benefits. Only in this way will the government perpetuate the culture of the nation and shape a more prosperous future for its people.
提纲：
大城市有丰富的historical relics蕴含文化价值，并且吸引游客拉动经济增长，对其投资有很大益处
但是大城市本身就是有财力的对其进一步投资会扩大贫富差距，造成社会不公平、
小城市、乡村也有大量的文化（文物+风土人情）要保护(他们缺乏保护文化的常识，未被外来文化侵蚀，很pristine)
资金有限，不能盲目地制定financial project,从各方面综合考虑；并且不只是money上的资助，还可以制定相关法律，加强社会对其的保护意识。
结论：不同种类的城市、乡村都有其财政支持的必要性，但是我们需要case-by-case analysis，以人们的利益为先，合理分配资金。

婷婷connie

Argument 34
The vice president rashly recommends the installation of the electronic detecting software in the workstations in sake to boost the overall profits of the company by encouraging the productivity of employees. To support his argument, the author puts forward the evidence that software can prevent the employees from wasting time on personal affairs or recreations and thus create a better working environment by detecting the Internet use on shopping or playing games. However, further analysis will reveal the irrationality of the recommendation.

At the very beginning, the vice president fails to take into account the expenditures and usefulness of the software for detecting the Internet use of employees in work. Perhaps designer of this detecting software does not have any other competitors in the market as this kind of software has not popularized, thus the owner of the software copyright possibly charges Climpson Company exorbitantly, far exceeding the profits of the company brought by this software. This software may be on the nascent stage, so embarrassment can be confronted by the company for its misdetection of employees' Internet use. Possible is that an assiduous worker is warned for undue Internet use while checking his emails related with the official affairs. Meanwhile, a half-hearted colleague, who occasionally looks through his facebook or twitter page in his office desktop, has never been detected by the software. Or the software has just turned out to lower the network speed for it takes up large part of CPU and even sometimes break down. All of these incidents will throw the utility of the software open to be challenged. Unless the author presents adequate evidence to the functions of the software, the installation of the software is unwarranted.

What is worse, the author does not fully consider the passive consequences on employees brought by the adoption of the electronic detecting software. As the basic aim to the software is to oversee whether or not that employees are spending time on online shopping or chatting with their friends, employees tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward the software and regard this policy as a distrust from the company. They will become discontent with the company supervisors and even rebellion will probably emerge: some loyal workers may also try to deal with their personal affairs during work time together with the original misdemeanors, greatly hampering the over working efficiency and atmosphere. In this way, the company will not be able to prognosticate the improvement of the productivity of the employees, not mention the increasing profits. Therefore, without perpending any results from the employees' reaction to the polity to adopt the software, the author cannot be optimistic to the recommendation.

Furthermore, the author ignores other possible factors available to enhance the productivity of the employees. On one hand, it is viable for the company to provide a nicer working places for its employees, which has bright sunlight and wider space even with little green plants. According to psychologist, the amelioration of official surroundings plays a vital role to refresh the workers by lifting them from working pressure, thus gives rise to their overall working efficiency. On the other hand, related training opportunities are also an effective approach to cultivate the the basic competence such as fast reading, analytical thinking as well as the oratory. It is not only for these courses to enable employees to acquire essential working capacities, but also to contribute to establishing well interpersonal relationship among colleagues, which helps them to accomplish their tasks more fluently.  

In a nutshell, the vice president unjustifiably draws the conclusion, based on the assumption that the software functions well to detect the Internet use and less complaints will occur among employees. Besides, he does not ponder any other alternatives prodding the productivity of the employees and the overall profits of the company. Thus, the recommendation to bring in the electronic detecting software will have less value than the vice president expects.

NmgMadman

这篇文章是我10月9号GRE的argu作文...

婷婷connie

Argument35
The author unwarrantedly predicts the improvement on profits by restricting the maximum water flow to one-third of the amount of what was in the past throughout in the whole apartment. To support his prediction, the author puts forward the fact that a few complaints occur during the one-month trial in the first three buildings. However, reasons and specific examples will be demonstrated to verify the irrationality of the argument.

At the very beginning, the author draws his conclusion based on an unjustifiable assumption that the rest of the residents in the building who do not complain are gratified with the adjustment on the water flow. Chances are that the other habitants are too polite to throw any complaints and they actually dissatisfied with the new policy about the maximum water flow. So part of them may consider moving to another comparative apartment, where the price is affordable and the environment is beautiful, and facilities such as supply of water and electricity are nicer. In this way, even though the policy seems receive little discontent, the negative influences brought by it can be prognosticated, possibly ending up with sharp down on profits.

Furthermore, with the hypothesis that most of its residents do not show too much aversion with the adjustment, the author fails to present any evidence to bolster the utility of the policy. Since the maximum water flow is cut to the one-third of what it used to be, the water is not able to wash out the dirt spottily attached on clothes and the surface the private cars. Thus people living in the building may keep the water tap open for more time, which contributes to the more usage of the water. So, the decline of water flow probably backfires. Besides, all the deduction is predicated on the author's imagination sice he does not refer to the actual readings of water usage.Perhaps the number of the readings tells us that much more amount of water is being used, strongly buttressing the former example display in the paragraph.

What is more, embarrassment will be confronted by the Sunnyside Towers apartment if the manager rashly extends the action to the overall twelve buildings. Even though the actual readings of water usage turns out to be lowered, due to the only one-month test within the first three floors, the effectiveness of the policy is not thoroughly testified. It is universally accepted that the higher the floor is, the more difficulty is faced while raising water up, for the air pressure prevents water from raising up. Therefore, the decrease of the water flow in the whole building does not seem to be feasible theoretically. What is crucial to reduce the usage of water is not the imposed/compelling deduction of water flow, but the encouragement of the sense of saving water. Opportunity is that the apartment could design some posters helping people realize the significance of saving water, or display some movies related to water protection, revealing the negative impacts caused by the shortage of water.

In a nutshell, the author misinterprets the conception of "a few complaints" and "satisfaction" , recklessly tries to extend the adjustment to the overall twelve buildings, and does not take into account any other possible approaches to reduce the use of water. Only if he provides potent and persuasive evidence to show the viability of the adjustment and disadvantages of other available solutions will the recommendation come into effect as it is expected by the author.

婷婷connie

Whether the examination of qualities of heroes and role models of a society is the best approach to reveal the society's highest ideal, as the speaker denotes? The statement seems to be superficially convincing as the exemplary men and women do reflect the main trend of a societal dream. However, I hold hesitance on the words "best " and "highest". Reasons and specific examples will be explored and explained to testify my perspective.

Admittedly, I concede that that heroes and role models play an indispensable part in the demonstration of the society's ethics and morality. The Touching China, a prestigious television program in China, annually select ten people from over around the country, representing the precious qualities of Chinese people, such as patriotism, integrity, frugality and altruism. Specifically, a twenty-three-year-old man named Hong Zhanhui is the person that impresses me deeply in 2005. Facing hazards of starvation and exposure, he insisted raising his sister who has no blood relationship with him for twelve years without any complaints. This unforgettable issue makes residents regard him as the national hero and media show him on the screen throughout the country, aiming at evoking the overall empathy of the Chinese people. In this case, the role model does reflect a invaluable character of the society, namely, the selflessness.

However, hardship can be met when we have to determine the best societal ideals from multiple ones as the society itself is an intricate matrix of relationship among diverse individuals who receive different levels of education, living under distinct culture and traditions. To take the early years of the twentieth century as a good case, the China of that time was dominated by the thought of seclusion whose societal goal was self-sufficiency, whereas occidental countries, prodded by the jingoism, looked forward to the extension of territory. In spite of the common belief of humanity, what attracts the most westerners is their aggressive needs, including the occupation of land, human resource and capital. Conversely, the easterners who have been accustomed to the serine life only wanted to own their little assets. Here the divergence emerges obviously and there seems to have no common standards to judge these social ideals to express the the highest character of the society.

Furthermore, we cannot be confined to view role models as the mere indication of main characters of the society. On one hand, as an old saying goes, nobody is perfect, so do these heroes and role models. Edison Thomas is the person who falls in this sort. He devised myriad inventions during his life, which undoubtedly attached him a label of “the king of the inventions”. Whereas his avarice prevented people from revering him as a role model. On the other hand, possible is that the vasts of art works made by humans can also cast light on the unique features belonged to a society. In spite of the fact that we can only sense the depression from the Tragedies of Shakespeare, feel the fascination of the smile of Mona Lina drawn by Vinci and appreciate the implied criticism in Dante’s Divine Comedy, all of them together are able to epitomize the humanism of the Renaissance culminating in the 16th Europe. It is the art works, comprehending paintings, plays and literature, that tell us the corruption and myopia of the theocracy of that time.

In sum, from what has been discussed above, it is apparent to see the validity of the heroes and role models in displaying the primary characters of a society. Nevertheless, we face the dilemma choice to determine the highest standards of the societal features and the best approach to achieve it. Therefore, we cannot rush to make a conclusion. Only through the case-by-case analysis according the peculiarity of different societies will we grasp the essence of a society.
提纲：
heroes and role models确实代表了一个社会的理念（Touching China，洪战辉，altruism）
但社会很复杂由各种人组成，大家对于highest ideal的理解不尽相同
我们不能确定heroes and roles models是了解一个社会的最佳途径，alternatives比如art works by humans（the Renaissance culminating in the 16th Europe）
结论：heroes and role models确实是一个了解社会main characters的途径，但是我们很难确定什么是highest ideals and best approach，所以我们需要根据不同社会的特点，case-by-case analysis，综合考虑各种因素，最终才能找到社会的本质。