FeiFei-77题

greenfish

77. how do the airlines expect to prevent commercial plane crashes? studies have shown that pilot error contributes to two-thirds of all such crashes. to address this problem, the airline have upgraded their training programs by increasing the hours of classroom instruction and emphasizing communication skills in the cockpit. but it is unrealistic to expect such measures to compensate for pilots’ lack of actual flying time. therefore, the airlines should rethink their training approach to reducing commercial crashes.
which one of the following is an assumption upon which the argument depends?
(a) training programs can eliminate pilot errors.
(b) commercial pilot routinely undergo additional training throughout their careers.
(c) the number of airline crashes will decrease if pilot training programs focus on increasing actual flying time.
(d) lack of actual flying time is an important contributor to pilot error in commercial plane crashes.
(e) communication skills are not important to pilot training programs.
答案是D。C与D有什么区别？

iamnone

c,d让我区分也比较难,据马后炮,c的回复比较绝对,if--than.,d只是表述一个原因.根据原题,作者的actual flying time 只是对air company 's plan 的反驳,并不是针对问题的解决.
仅供参考.

lyricling

我想，C项可能的错误在于commercial plane crashes与airline crashes 在概念上恐怕不太一致吧。否则，我觉得C项也是个assumption.
请大牛解释一下。

albert

but it is unrealistic to expect such measures to compensate for pilots’ lack of actual flying time.

From the sentence above, we could conclude that flying time is a required condition of the avoidance of airplane crash, which exact the meaning of choice D..

Choice D indicates that flying time is a sufficent condition of the avoidance of airplane crash...However, from the passage, we cannot guarantee that..For example, suppose that pilot training programs focus on increasing actual flying time, but the number of airline crashes will not decrease , the conclusion of the passage still holds because maybe lots of factors together lead to the airplane crash..

good luck!

lyricling

非常感谢albert，你说的正是解假设题的关键。
assumption是原文成立的一个必要条件而非充分条件，C项过分了。

greenfish

albert说得有道理，谢谢！C项太绝对了，以后看到这种选项就先列为第二选择。

quiny

谢谢